21 research outputs found
The influence of crustal recycling on the molybdenum isotope composition of the Earth’s mantle
No full textSeveral studies have suggested that the Earth's upper mantle is slightly enriched in light molybdenum isotopes relative to bulk Earth, defined by chondrites, but there is no consensus on the presence of this subtle but potentially notable signature. To establish better whether or not the 98Mo/95Mo of Earth's upper mantle is indeed sub-chondritic, we have analysed hand-picked glasses of depleted (i.e. chondrite normalised La/Sm<1) mid-ocean ridge basalts (MORB) from the Pacific, Atlantic and Indian ocean basins. The mean Mo isotope composition of our depleted MORB relative to reference NIST SRM 3134 (
MoNIST SRM 3134) is −0.22±0.03‰ (95% confidence interval, c.i.) compared to a value of −0.15±0.01‰ (95% c.i.) for bulk Earth. Our high precision analyses of the 234U/238U activity ratios of these samples are within uncertainty of unity, which rules out the effect of possible secondary, sea-floor processes as the dominant cause of their low
MoNIST SRM 3134. We further report experimental data showing that sulphide liquid has
MoNIST SRM 3134 0.25±0.01‰ lower than basaltic silicate liquid at 1400 °C. This fractionation is too small to significantly alter the Mo isotope composition of basalts relative to their sources during melting or differentiation.
Our MORB data show that resolvably sub-chondritic Mo isotope compositions are common in the upper mantle. Moreover, an appropriately weighted average
MoNIST SRM 3134 of depleted and enriched MORB, taken from this study and the literature, yields an estimated mantle value of −0.20±0.01‰, indicating that the upper mantle as a whole is sub-chondritic. Since prior work demonstrates that core formation will not create a residual silicate reservoir with a sub-chondritic
MoNIST SRM 3134, we propose that this feature is a result of recycling oceanic crust with low
MoNIST SRM 3134 because of Mo isotope fractionation during subduction dehydration. Such an origin is in keeping with the sub-chondritic Th/U and low Ce/Pb of the depleted mantle, features which cannot be explained by simple melt extraction. We present mass balance models of the plate tectonic cycle that quantitatively illustrate that the
MoNIST SRM 3134 of the Earth's mantle can be suitably lowered by such oceanic crustal recycling. Our Mo isotope study adds to the notion that the depleted mantle has been substantially modified by geodynamic cycling of subduction-processed oceanic crust
Corrigendum to “The influence of crustal recycling on the molybdenum isotope composition of the Earth's mantle” [Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 595 (2022) 117760]
No full textCanon Barnett and the first thirty years of Toynbee Hall
No full textPhDThis thesis is a study of the changing role which Toynbee
Hall, the first university settlement, played in East London between
1884 and 1914. The first chapter presents a brief biography of
Sainiel Augustus Barnett, the founder and first warden of the
settlement, and analyzes his social thought in relation to the
beliefs which were current in Britain during the period. The
second chapter discusses the founding of the settlement, its organization, structure and the aims which underlay its early work. The
third chapter, concentrating on three residents, C.R. Ashbee, .H.
Beveridge and T. Edmund Harvey, shows the way in which subsequent
settlement workers reformulated these aims In accordance with their
own social and economic views. The subsequent chapters discuss the
accomplishments of the settlement in various fields. The fourth
shows that Toynbee Hall's educational program, which was largely an
attempt to work out Matthew Arnold's theory of culture, left little
impact on the life of East London. The fifth chapter discusses the
settlement residents' ineffectual attempts to establish contact with
working men's organizations. The final chapter seeks to demonstrate
that In the field of philanthropy the residents were far more successful than in any other sphere in adapting the settlement to changing
social thought
Trade Policy at the Cross-Roads
No full textIt is now widely agreed that the World Trade Organization (WTO) is in trouble, struggling to deliver the national rewards available from liberalising through multilateral negotiations. Prime Minister Howard and President Bush have committed to help restore the ability of the WTO system to deliver those rewards. This paper examines the contribution of domestic transparency procedures, introduced by and operating within participating countries, in dealing with the domestic causes of the problem facing the multilateral system. It explains the relevance of the proposal, prepared for Prime Minister Howard, in meeting the commitment he has taken. The Hong Kong Ministerial Meeting in December 2005 provides an opportunity to advance such a proposal and, in doing so, enhance our own trade performance. The author was involved, with Alf Rattigan and John Crawford, in establishing the Industries Assistance Commission and was its chairman from 1985 to 1988. He was a member of the international study group chaired by the former Director-General of the GATT, Olivier Long which drew attention during the Uruguay Round of multilateral trade negotiations (1986 1994) to the need for domestic transparency in trade policy. He co-authored a review of trade policy conduct of industrial nations, which was published by the National Centre for Development Studies in 1996. He and Professor Ross Garnaut prepared a domestic transparency proposal for Prime Minister Howard in February 2004 to provide the basis for an Australian initiative in the Doha Round. This paper explains how this proposal would contribute to restoring an effective WTO system by enabling domestic economic welfare to replace domestic political pressures as the driver of multilateral trade negotiations.World Trade Organization, trade, policy, multilateral, negotiations, Howard, Bush
Philosophical pragmatism and religious belief: interpreting Christian non-realism through john Dewey and Richard Rorty
No full textIn this thesis I consider the account of religious non-realism in the work of Don Cupitt and in other prominent writers belonging to the 'Sea of Faith' network. I argue that the appropriate context of the non-realists understanding of religious belief is provided by philosophical pragmatism as this is presented in the work of John Dewey and Richard Rorty. This context outlines important aspects of the 'Sea of Faith' religious non-realists' self-understanding; and provides them with an argumentative resource which they can employ against alternative critical-realist approaches to religious belief I show that John Dewey's understanding of religious faith coheres with many of the ideas expressed by religious non-realists and that Rorty's pragmatism provides religious non-realism with a contemporary philosophical articulation of its theology. In order to defend this assertion I argue that Rorty's pragmatism does not necessarily lead to radical subjectivism nor to a dangerous political ideology as some interpreters have suggested. Further, I argue that his ideas are open to theological appropriation and that his rejection of religious belief is tempered by a tolerance toward those who still find a use for it. Rorty, I claim, has such a use. He employs the term 'God' as a backdrop against which he can present his own account of a pragmatic culture. I show that his work contains positive references to the influence that religious belief has had on the development of such a culture and argue that this pragmatic culture fits well with a non-realist understanding of religious belie
Conductors of the Cape Town Municipal Orchestra, 1914-1965 a historical perspective
No full textIncludes abstract.Includes bibliographical references and index.This thesis profiles the conductors of the Cape Municipal Orchestra since its inception in 1914 until the resignation of David Tidboald in 1965. After the introductory Chapter 1, Chapter 2 includes a historic review of the period before 1914. It also highlights the influences leading towards the inauguration of the Cape Municipal Orchestra. Chapters 3-7 discuss the permanent conductors who conducted between 1914 and 1954. The following list extends from the dates of their first concerts up to their resignations, or up to the date of their final concerts: Theo Wendt (from 28 February 1914 to 30 September 1924: a period of about 10 years). Leslie Heward (from 17 July 1924 to 31 May 1926: a period of about 2 years). William Pickerill (from 5 May 1927 to 12 October 1946: a period of about 19 years). Geoffrey Miller as Associate Conductor (from 31 October 1946 to 19 February1948: a period of nearly two years). Enrique Jordá (from 19 February 1948 to 31 December 1953: a period of nearly five years). Assistant and guest conductors are discussed within these chapters. Chapter 8 discusses guest conductors from January 1954 until June 1960. Here they are organised chronologically accordingto their first appearances. Chapter 9 deals with the period of David Tidboald's conductorship (from 20 August 1960 to1 July 1965). The concluding remarks of Chapter 10 briefly touch on such aspects as the number of premieres, recurrence of works mentioned in this thesis, and the guest conducting system
Grace Aguilar’s historical romances
No full textPhDMy dissertation looks critically at Grace Aguilar’s historical romance novels and short
stories, and investigates English writers’ uses of history in early- to mid-nineteenth century
fiction. Shifting the current critical emphasis on Aguilar’s Jewish texts, I
have analyzed the ways in which Aguilar revises the genres of the national tale, the
gothic romance, and the medieval romance in order to demonstrate her participation
in the construction of nineteenth-century domestic values.
In Chapter One, I introduce to critical debate Aguilar’s juvenilia, relying on
unpublished manuscripts and novels published only in the twentieth century to
establish the origins of Aguilar’s interest in history and historical writing. Locating
Aguilar’s narrative style in the early nineteenth-century national tale, I show that as a
child Aguilar envisioned the English and Scottish nations as a family, making
domesticity both a private and a public—a female and a male—value.
Chapter Two focuses on Aguilar’s use of history to express nineteenth-century
domestic ideals in her version of the gothic romance. Deploying the setting of the
Catholic Inquisition in Spain and Portugal, Aguilar writes gothic tales that unite
Jewish and Protestant gender values. She makes heroic the Jewish female martyr to
suggest not only that nineteenth-century Protestants and Jews share similar domestic
principles, but also that Jewish women could be seen as ideal models for Protestant
women.
Finally, in Chapter Three I explore Aguilar’s participation in the nineteenth-century
medievalist tradition by reflecting on her revision of nineteenth-century literary
idealizations of the Middle Ages. In these short stories, Aguilar fictionalizes the
sixteenth-century European chivalric ethos, looking critically at the role of women in
court society at the end of the Middle Ages. Deploying the tropes prevalent in
popular nineteenth-century anti-medievalist fiction, Aguilar debunks celebrations of
the Middle Ages by showing how chivalry is antagonistic to nineteenth-century
domesticity
Behind the medical mask : medical technology and medical power
No full textThis thesis explores the role of technology as a resource in the
structure of medical domination of birth and death, stressing
technology's pivotal position at the intersection of control and
uncertainty.
Based in Intensive Care and Obstetrics (between which the health status
of patients diverges sharply), it notes the convergence of technology
used and examines the contest for control within the labour process.
This includes using technology to facilitate a 'standardized' birth or
death; a more retrospectively defensible event. In general, the
'burden of proof' is concluded to lie with those wishing not to
intervene rather than the reverse.
Given the (cognitively male) biomedical model, mind-body dualism is an
assumption embedded in medical technology: this is especially
significant in childbirth, where it fractures the woman's ontological
experience of giving birth. Its positivistic and pathological
emphasis is associated with a reification of processes and a
commodification of their 'solution': which becomes located in
technology. It is argued that commodification in health provision will
increase with the further application of market principles to the NHS.
It is concluded that 'uncertainty', endemic to medicine and a possible
challenge to control, is proactively manipulated and pressed into the
service of medical domination. Technology is used to mask uncertainty
and aid the medical profession's control of patients/relatives, and
subordinate work groups.
A technological fix may be viewed as the opposite to re-discovering
societal dreams and myths, however, more paradoxically, it is concluded
that dreams and myths have become attached to technology. Thus, the
symbolic role of technology is: to provide hope of continued survival
(or cure), the veiling of existential uncertainty and the offer of
'absolution' - should all efforts fail (a freedom from guilt in the
assurance that "everything possible was tried"). Its 'heroic' project
is viewed as an existentially 'masculine' health provision and
'feminized' health care is posited as an alternative
A Possible Alignment Between the Orbits of Planetary Systems and their Visual Binary Companions
No full textFull list of authors: Christian, Sam; Vanderburg, Andrew; Becker, Juliette; Yahalomi, Daniel A.; Pearce, Logan; Zhou, George ; Collins, Karen A.; Kraus, Adam L.; Stassun, Keivan G.; de Beurs, Zoe; Ricker, George R.; Vanderspek, Roland K.; Latham, David W.; Winn, Joshua N.; Seager, S.; Jenkins, Jon M.; Abe, Lyu; Agabi, Karim; Amado, Pedro J.; Baker, David; Barkaoui, Khalid; Benkhaldoun, Zouhair; Benni, Paul; Berberian, John; Berlind, Perry; Bieryla, Allyson; Esparza-Borges, Emma; Bowen, Michael; Brown, Peyton; Buchhave, Lars A.; Burke, Christopher J.; Buttu, Marco; Cadieux, Charles; Caldwell, Douglas A.; Charbonneau, David; Chazov, Nikita; Chimaladinne, Sudhish; Collins, Kevin I.; Combs, Deven; Conti, Dennis M.; Crouzet, Nicolas; de Leon, Jerome P.; Deljookorani, Shila; Diamond, Brendan; Doyon, René; Dragomir, Diana; Dransfield, Georgina; Essack, Zahra; Evans, Phil; Fukui, Akihiko; Gan, Tianjun; Esquerdo, Gilbert A.; Gillon, Michaël; Girardin, Eric; Guerra, Pere; Guillot, Tristan; K. Habich, Eleanor Kate; Henriksen, Andreea; Hoch, Nora; Isogai, Keisuke I.; Jehin, Emmanuël; Jensen, Eric L. N.; Johnson, Marshall C.; Livingston, John H.; Kielkopf, John F.; Kim, Kingsley; Kawauchi, Kiyoe; Krushinsky, Vadim; Kunzle, Veronica; Laloum, Didier; Leger, Dominic; Lewin, Pablo; Mallia, Franco; Massey, Bob; Mori, Mayuko; McLeod, Kim K.; Mékarnia, Djamel; Mireles, Ismael; Mishevskiy, Nikolay; Tamura, Motohide; Murgas, Felipe; Narita, Norio; Naves, Ramon; Nelson, Peter; Osborn, Hugh P.; Palle, Enric; Parviainen, Hannu; Plavchan, Peter; Pozuelos, Francisco J.; Rabus, Markus; Relles, Howard M.; Rodríguez López, Cristina; Quinn, Samuel N.; Schmider, Francois-Xavier; Schlieder, Joshua E.; Schwarz, Richard P.; Shporer, Avi; Sibbald, Laurie; Srdoc, Gregor; Stibbards, Caitlin; Stickler, Hannah; Suarez, Olga; Stockdale, Chris; Tan, Thiam-Guan; Terada, Yuka; Triaud, Amaury; Tronsgaard, Rene; Waalkes, William C.; Wang, Gavin; Watanabe, Noriharu; Wenceslas, Marie-Sainte; Wingham, Geof; Wittrock, Justin; Ziegler, Carl.--This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.Astronomers do not have a complete picture of the effects of wide-binary companions (semimajor axes greater than 100 au) on the formation and evolution of exoplanets. We investigate these effects using new data from Gaia Early Data Release 3 and the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite mission to characterize wide-binary systems with transiting exoplanets. We identify a sample of 67 systems of transiting exoplanet candidates (with well-determined, edge-on orbital inclinations) that reside in wide visual binary systems. We derive limits on orbital parameters for the wide-binary systems and measure the minimum difference in orbital inclination between the binary and planet orbits. We determine that there is statistically significant difference in the inclination distribution of wide-binary systems with transiting planets compared to a control sample, with the probability that the two distributions are the same being 0.0037. This implies that there is an overabundance of planets in binary systems whose orbits are aligned with those of the binary. The overabundance of aligned systems appears to primarily have semimajor axes less than 700 au. We investigate some effects that could cause the alignment and conclude that a torque caused by a misaligned binary companion on the protoplanetary disk is the most promising explanation. © 2022. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society.The IRSF project is a collaboration between Nagoya University and the South African Astronomical Observatory (SAAO) supported by the Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Priority Areas (A) (grant Nos. 10147207 and 10147214) and Optical & Near-Infrared Astronomy Inter-University Cooperation Program, from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT) of Japan and the National Research Foundation (NRF) of South Africa. This work is partly supported by JSPS KAKENHI grant No. JP18H05439, and JST PRESTO grant No. JPMJPR1775, and a University Research Support Grant from the National Astronomical Observatory of Japan (NAOJ). This work is partly supported by Grant-in-Aid for JSPS Fellows, grant No. JP20J21872. This work is partly supported by JSPS KAKENHI grant No. JP17H04574.
This work is partly supported by JSPS KAKENHI grant No. JP20K14518, and by Astrobiology Center SATELLITE Research project AB022006. M.T. is supported by MEXT/JSPS KAKENHI grant Nos. 18H05442, 15H02063, and 22000005. This work is partly supported by JSPS KAKENHI grant No. JP21K13955. This work is partly supported by JSPS KAKENHI grant No. 20K14521. C.R.-L. acknowledges financial support from the State Agency for Research of the Spanish MCIU through the Center of Excellence Severo Ochoa award for the Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (SEV-2017-0709). M.R. acknowledges support from the Universidad Católica de lo Santísima Concepción grant DI-FIAI 03/2021. P.J.A. acknowledges support from grant AYA2016-79425-C3-3-P of the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO) and the Centre of Excellence "Severo Ochoa" award to the Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (SEV-2017-0709). This paper is based on observations made with the T150 telescope at the Sierra Nevada Observatory (Granada, Spain), operated by the Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (IAA—CSIC). The research leading to these results has received funding from the ARC grant for Concerted Research Actions, financed by the Wallonia-Brussels Federation. TRAPPIST is funded by the Belgian Fund for Scientific Research (Fond National de la Recherche Scientifique, FNRS) under the grant FRFC 2.5.594.09.F. TRAPPIST-North is a project funded by the University of Liège (Belgium), in collaboration with Cadi Ayyad University of Marrakech (Morocco). D.D. acknowledges support from the TESS Guest Investigator Program grant No. 80NSSC19K1727 and NASA Exoplanet Research Program grant No. 18-2XRP18_2-0136. M.G. and E.J. are F.R.S.-FNRS Senior Research Associates. K.K.M. acknowledges support from the New York Community Trust's Fund for Astrophysical Research. This work has been carried out within the framework of the NCCR PlanetS supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation.Peer reviewe
Harmonization of Neuroticism and Extraversion phenotypes across inventories and cohorts in the Genetics of Personality Consortium: an application of Item Response Theory
No full textÓ The Author(s) 2014. This article is published with open access at Springerlink.com Abstract Mega- or meta-analytic studies (e.g. genomewide association studies) are increasingly used in behavior Edited by Kristen Jacobson. Stéphanie M. van den Berg and Marleen H. M. de Moor are the cofirst authors. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s10519-014-9654-x) contains supplementar
