1,167 research outputs found
Deep Supervised Learning Using Local Errors
No full textError backpropagation is a highly effective mechanism for learning high-quality hierarchical features in deep networks. Updating the features or weights in one layer, however, requires waiting for the propagation of error signals from higher layers. Learning using delayed and non-local errors makes it hard to reconcile backpropagation with the learning mechanisms observed in biological neural networks as it requires the neurons to maintain a memory of the input long enough until the higher-layer errors arrive. In this paper, we propose an alternative learning mechanism where errors are generated locally in each layer using fixed, random auxiliary classifiers. Lower layers could thus be trained independently of higher layers and training could either proceed layer by layer, or simultaneously in all layers using local error information. We address biological plausibility concerns such as weight symmetry requirements and show that the proposed learning mechanism based on fixed, broad, and random tuning of each neuron to the classification categories outperforms the biologically-motivated feedback alignment learning technique on the CIFAR10 dataset, approaching the performance of standard backpropagation. Our approach highlights a potential biological mechanism for the supervised, or task-dependent, learning of feature hierarchies. In addition, we show that it is well suited for learning deep networks in custom hardware where it can drastically reduce memory traffic and data communication overheads. Code used to run all learning experiments is available under https://gitlab.com/hesham-mostafa/learning-using-local-erros.git
FLEXURAL BEHAVIOR OFTWO-WAY SOLID SLABS REINFORCED WITH GFRP BARS
No full textHesham A. Haggag, Mostafa M.Abd Elsala
Interview with Mostafa Moharram
No full textهذه المقابلة مع المؤلف والسيناريست المصري مصطفى محرم. يستعرض كتاباته وأفلامه ، ويؤكد على أهمية السيناريو والكتابات المتخصصة . يشرح دور كاتب السيناريو وهو المسؤول عن خلق عمل فعال وجيد ، وكذلك التعامل بطريقة جيدة مع فريق التمثيل . أجرت المقابلة درية شرف الدينIn this interview, Egyptian author and screenwriter Mostafa Moharram speaks about his movies and the importance of scenarios in creating good work. The interview was conducted by Dorreya Sharaf al-Din
Detection and Analysis of Epilepsy Biomarkers in Electrocorticography
No full textAuthor Mostafa MohammadpourDissertation Johannes Kepler Universität Linz 202
Detection and Analysis of Epilepsy Biomarkers in Electrocorticography
No full textAuthor Mostafa MohammadpourDissertation Johannes Kepler Universität Linz 202
Forgotten Legacy: An Endeavor to Highlight Heritage Food of Egyptian Bedouins
No full textDespite the issue of food heritage having an important debate around the globe, there is still inconclusive literature addressing Egyptian heritage food in general, and particularly the gastronomic heritage of Egyptian Bedouins. The main argument of the current study is firstly to identify a set of genuine heritage foods of Egyptian Bedouins by using explicit criteria. Then, transfer the data to develop a documented recipe book for these meals, which is intended to be an initial phase of promoting them as a unique component of the Egyptian cultural legacy. The target population of the study is the Egyptian Bedouin society, both in the western and eastern deserts. Through
a qualitative approach, 15 semi-structured interviews with elderly local people were undertaken before conducting a focus group with six Bedouin experts. The findings section reported eight heritage foods of Egyptian Bedouins and produced a recipe book for them
The land of Ewes and Milk: An exploration study of heritage food of Egyptian Bedouins
No full textFor a territory to be sustainable, economic and social benefits need to be exploited to improve the living standard of local people. Food as a part of human culture has supposed a significant role in tourist decision-making and satisfaction, tourism services and destination promotion strategies, accordingly, it can be a useful factor of destination development. The main argument of current research is to explore and document a group of authentic heritage foods of Egyptian Bedouins as an attempt to preserve them as well as suggest a potential utilisation of these foods in the light of rural tourism. An initial online survey, semi-structured interviews, and focus group discussions with Bedouins from Sinai and Matruh areas have been undertaken to accomplish the study aim. At the end of the study, a full description of seven heritage foods of the mentioned areas with their original names, pictures, ingredients, and preparation methods have presented, additionally, a potential utilisation has been suggested
What Does Heritage Food Mean? An Interdisciplinary Review of Literature
No full textThe attention carried in food and eating by social sciences has recently moved from investigating the issue as a topic of interest to addressing it as a concern constructed as a research object.
However, we still need to have an in-depth understanding of the concept of “heritage food” (HF), in which disciplines we can address it? and shed light on its parallels in the literature such as local food and traditional food. The shortage of knowledge about similarities and differences between
those concepts may cause confusion while conducting related studies. Therefore, the current study aims to provide a clear understanding of the concept of heritage food, through an interdisciplinary systematic review approach. In the end, the article will try to provide a clear comprehension of the heritage food concept and portrait the relation between local, traditional, and
heritage food
L’année de Bacchus d’El Mostafa Bouignane entre devoir de la mémoire et exaltation de la vie
No full textThis study will discuss the approach to the structure and narrative composition of the novel entitled L\u27année de Bacchus by Mostafa Bouignane, published by Virgule Editions in 2020. This text adds to a series of stories of which Bouignane constructs a narrative universe to reveal the nature of man who, even submissive and reduced, remains capable of regaining his freedom and leading a peaceful life. Thus, our study will propose an analysis of the ideological and historical dimension of this text representative of the literary experience of the author, then at the end the questioning of his human and moral values
Supervised learning based on temporal coding in spiking neural networks
No full textGradient descent training techniques are remarkably successful in training analog-valued artificial neural networks (ANNs). Such training techniques, however, do not transfer easily to spiking networks due to the spike generation hard non-linearity and the discrete nature of spike communication. We show that in a feedforward spiking network that uses a temporal coding scheme where information is encoded in spike times instead of spike rates, the network input-output relation is differentiable almost everywhere. Moreover, this relation is locally linear after a transformation of variables. Methods for training ANNs thus carry directly to the training of such spiking networks as we show when training on the permutation invariant MNIST task. In contrast to rate-based spiking networks that are often used to approximate the behavior of ANNs, the networks we present spike much more sparsely and their behavior can not be directly approximated by conventional ANNs. Our results highlight a new approach for controlling the behavior of spiking networks with realistic temporal dynamics, opening up the potential for using these networks to process spike patterns with complex temporal information
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