1,721,217 research outputs found
PERJALANAN SINGKAT PERKEMBANGAN FILSAFAT ILMU
No full textAbstract: Philosophy of science is part of the philosophy that answers some questions about the nature of science. This field learn the basics of philosophy, assumptions and implications of science, which includes, among others, natural sciences and social sciences. Here, the philosophy of science is closely related to epistemology and ontology. The philosophy of science seeks to explain issues such as: what and how a concept and can be called as a scientific statement, how the concept was born, how science can explain, predict and utilize nature through technology; how to determine the validity of an information; formulation and use of the scientific method; kinds of reasoning that can be used to obtain a conclusion; and the implications of scientific methods and models to society and to science itself. In this regard, this article will present a brief history of the development of philosophy of science to how the contribution of Islam to establish the philosophy of science. Thus it would be seen clearly similarities and differences in the aspects of epistemological, ontological, and axiological of various schools of philosophy that has developed: rationalism, empiricism, and Islam. Abstrak: Filsafat ilmu adalah bagian dari filsafat yang menjawab beberapa pertanyaan mengenai hakikat ilmu. Bidang ini mempelajari dasar-dasar filsafat, asumsi dan implikasi dari ilmu, yang termasuk di dalamnya antara lain ilmu alam dan ilmu sosial. Di sini, filsafat ilmu sangat berkaitan erat dengan epistemologi dan ontologi. Filsafat ilmu berusaha untuk dapat menjelaskan masalah-masalah seperti: apa dan bagaimana suatu konsep dan pernyataan dapat disebut sebagai ilmiah, bagaimana konsep tersebut dilahirkan, bagaimana ilmu dapat menjelaskan, memperkirakan serta memanfaatkan alam melalui teknologi; cara menentukan validitas dari sebuah informasi; formulasi dan penggunaan metode ilmiah; macam-macam penalaran yang dapat digunakan untuk mendapatkan kesimpulan; serta implikasi metode dan model ilmiah terhadap masyarakat dan terhadap ilmu pengetahuan itu sendiri. Berkaitan dengan ini, artikel ini akan memaparkan sejarah singkat perkembangan filsafat ilmu hingga bagaimana kontribusi Islam dalam membangun filsafat ilmu tersebut. Dengan demikian akan terlihat dengan jelas kesamaan dan perbedaan aspek-aspek epistemologis, ontologis, dan aksiologis dari berbagai macam aliran filsafat yang sudah berkembang: rasionalisme, empirisme, dan Islam. Keywords: filsafat ilmu, rasionalisme, empirisme, al-Quran
NILAI-NILAI PROFETIK DALAM PEMBELAJARAN AIK (AL-ISLAM DAN KEMUHAMADIYAHAN) DI PERGURUAN TINGGI MUHAMMADIYAH
Full text linkAbstrakAl-Islam dan kemuhammadiyahan (AIK) harus menjadi bagian dari usaha perguruan Muhammadiyah untuk mencapai visi dan misi perguruan Muhammadiyah yaitu “terbentuknya manusia pembelajar yang bertaqwa, berakhlak mulia, berkemajuan dan unggul dalam ipteks sebagai perwujudan tajdid dakwah amar ma’ruf nahi munkar”. Agar mencapai kepada tujuan yang telah dicanangkan maka perlu perangkat pembelajaran AIK yang komprehensif dan berparadigma revolusioner. Salah satu cara yang ditempuh oleh Muhammadiyah (lewat Majelis Dikti PP Muhammadiyah) adalah membuat kurikulum AIK yang mengarahkan mahasiswa kepada tujuan itu. Kata lain dari tujuan tersebut adalah khoiru ummah yang identik dengan nilai profetik. Sehingga dalam penelitian ini dikaji tentang bagaimana realisasi nilai-nilai profetik dalam pembelajaran AIK di PTM dan hal inilah yang menjadikan unsur kebaruan dalam penelitian ini. Sedangkan tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui nilai-nilai profetik dalam pembelajaran AIK di PTM. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, teknik pengambilan subyek penelitian dengan purposive sampling, yaitu di Universitas Muhammadiyah Purworejo. Sedangkan data diperoleh dengan observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi, kemudian analisis data dengan metode deskriptif kualitatif, yaitu: reduksi data, kategorisasi data, sintesisasi dan diakhiri dengan menyusun hipotesis kerja atau menarik kesimpulan. Hasil penelitiannya adalah nilai profetik transendental terdapat pada mata kuliah AIK I (akidah), nilai profetik humanisasi terdapat pada mata kuliah AIK II dan III (ibadah, akhlak, muamalah, kemuhammadiyahan) dan nilai liberasi terdapat pada mata kuliah AIK IV (Islam dan Ipteks).Kata Kunci: Al-Islam dan Kemuhammadiyahan, profeti
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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