1,720,976 research outputs found
SOSTENIBILIDAD Y DESEMPEÑO AGROECOLÓGICO EN PEQUEÑAS FINCAS DE LA PARROQUIA EL PROGRESO DE LAS ISLAS GALÁPAGOS- ECUADOR.
No full textThis study assessed sustainability and agroecological performance in small farms in the El Progreso parish of the Galapagos Islands, Ecuador. Snowball sampling was employed, involving 30 household heads. Data collection utilized the SAFA and TAPE methodologies by the FAO, facilitated by Kobotoolbox. Data processing was conducted using SAFA 3.0 and Excel. The results reveal that small farms in this region exhibit a moderate performance in sustainability (SAFA). Social well-being achieved the highest performance, with a score of 3.47, while environmental integrity showed the lowest performance, scoring 2.52. The primary challenge in agroecological performance (TAPE) lies in the environmental dimension (1.92). Furthermore, the social and cultural dimension exhibited limitations in co-creation and knowledge exchange (1.75), despite a moderate performance in human and social values (2.48). From an economic perspective, farms excel in circular and solidarity economy (3.19), suggesting an orientation toward sustainable and collaborative practices. However, resilience demonstrated only moderate performance, scoring 2.33. The dimensions of nutrition and health (2.56) and governance (2.11) also displayed moderate performances, indicating areas with room for improvement. In conclusion, assessing the sustainability of small farms in the Galapagos Islands is crucial for identifying areas of improvement and developing strategies to promote sustainability. The recommendations derived from this study have the potential to assist these farms in enhancing their sustainability, thereby contributing to environmental conservation and the sustainable development of the Galapagos Islands.El estudio evaluó la sostenibilidad y el desempeño agroecológico en pequeñas fincas de la parroquia El Progreso en las Islas Galápagos, Ecuador. Se aplicó el muestreo de bola de nieve con la participación de 30 jefes de hogar. Para la recopilación de datos, se emplearon las metodologías SAFA y TAPE de la FAO, apoyados por Kobotoolbox para la recolección de datos. Los datos se procesaron con SAFA 3.0 y Excel. Los resultados indican que las pequeñas fincas en esta región exhiben un desempeño moderado en sostenibilidad (SAFA). El bienestar social obtuvo el mejor rendimiento, con una puntuación de 3.47, mientras que la integridad ambiental presentó el peor desempeño, con una puntuación de 2.52. El desafío principal en el desempeño agroecológico (TAPE), es la dimensión ambiental (1.92). Además, la dimensión social y cultural mostró limitaciones en la co-creación e intercambio de conocimientos, (1.75), a pesar de un rendimiento moderado en valores humanos y sociales, (2.48). Desde una perspectiva económica, las fincas se destacan en economía circular y solidaria (3.19), lo que sugiere una orientación hacia prácticas sostenibles y colaborativas. Sin embargo, la resiliencia exhibió un desempeño solo moderado, con una puntuación de 2.33. Las dimensiones de nutrición y salud (2.56) y gobernanza (2.11) también presentaron desempeños moderados, indicando áreas con margen para mejoras. En conclusión, la evaluación de la sostenibilidad de las pequeñas fincas en las Islas Galápagos es esencial para identificar áreas de mejora y desarrollar estrategias que promuevan la sostenibilidad. Las recomendaciones derivadas de este estudio tienen el potencial de ayudar a estas fincas a mejorar su sostenibilidad, lo que a su vez puede contribuir a la conservación del medio ambiente y al desarrollo sostenible de las Islas Galápagos
CARACTERIZACIÓN DE LOS AGROECOSISTEMAS CAMPESINOS BIODIVERSOS CON BASE EN EL CULTIVO DE ACHOTILLO (Nephelium lappaceum L.)
No full textThe general objective was to characterize the livelihoods and diversification of biodiverse peasant agroecosystems based on the cultivation of achotillo (Nephelium lappaceum L.) in the overlapping Cañalito enclosure in the Tropical Equatorial Chocó Region; The sustainable livelihoods methodology and the agroecological performance assessment tool (TAPE), based on 10 elements categorized in agroecological scores from 0 to 4, were used. The sampling technique used was by convenience; 60 surveys were conducted and grouped by farm size; the digital tools KoboToolbox and KoboCollect were used for data collection.El objetivo general fue, caracterizar los medios de vida y la diversificación de los agroecosistemas campesinos biodiversos con base en el cultivo de achotillo (Nephelium lappaceum L.), en el recinto Cañalito que superpone en la Región Tropical del Chocó Ecuatorial; se utilizó la metodología de medios de vida sostenibles y la herramienta para la evaluación de desempeño agroecológico (TAPE), basada en 10 elementos categorizados en puntajes agroecológicos de 0 a 4. La técnica de muestreo utilizada fue por conveniencia; se realizaron 60 encuestas, que fueron agrupadas por el tamaño de la finca; para la recopilación de datos se utilizaron las herramientas digitales KoboToolbox y KoboCollect
Relevamiento del conocimiento ancestral sobre el cambio climático de la nacionalidad Kichwa que habitan en la ciudad del Puyo
Get PDFEl conocimiento ancestral indígena es un patrimonio cuyo valor no se circunscribe solo a las comunidades originarias o indígenas, sino que dichos conocimientos podrían contribuir y ser un importante recurso a la humanidad ante escenario cambiantes y perturbaciones antropogénicos, la relación existente entre el conocimiento ancestral sobre el cambio climático en adultos Kichwas sobre su capacidad de adaptación en relación a seguridad y soberanía alimentaria en los últimos 30 años en contextos urbanos ha sido poco o nada estudiado por lo cual, se planteó el objetivo de analizar si el conocimiento ancestral existente sobre cambio climático en los adultos Kichwas influye en la capacidad de adaptación, seguridad y soberanía alimentaria
Análisis de la sostenibilidad de agricultura de frontera para el diseño de estrategias de incidencia política que minimicen los conflictos socio ambientales en la Amazonía
No full textEn la Amazonía, las políticas han ignorado la agricultura cerca de áreas boscosas remotas, donde las tasas de pobreza tienden a ser más altas y la expansión de la agricultura de frontera va acompañada de acaparamiento ilegal de tierras, conflictos con indígenas y otros grupos de población tradicional. El objetivo principal planteado fue: determinar los factores clave para la sostenibilidad de la agricultura fronteriza para reducir los conflictos territoriales con comunidades indígenas, colonos mestizos y comunidades indígenas en aislamiento voluntario en la Amazonía, se definieron tres objetivos específicos a cumplir: i) evaluar la sostenibilidad de los pequeños agricultores, ii) identificar las interacciones existentes entre las dimensiones de la sostenibilidad y iii) determinar la dinámica territorial de cambios en el uso y cobertura del suelo (LULC). El área de estudio fue la Reserva de la Biosfera Yasuní, ubicada en la Amazonía occidental, es considerada una de las áreas con mayor biodiversidad biológica y cultural del planeta e incluye e l Parque Nacional Yasuní (PNY), el Territorio Ancestral Waorani (TAW), la Zona Intangible Tagaeri Taromenane (ZITT) y la Zona de Diversidad y Vida (ZDV), la RBY fue anunciada por la UNESCO en 1989; Se encuentra en las provincias de Orellana (51,96%), Pastaza (39,40%) y Napo (8,64%), entre los ríos Napo y Curaray.
Utilizando la técnica de muestreo de bola de nieve, se realizaron encuestas a indígenas Waorani, Kichwa, Shuar jefes de hogar y colonos migrantes que contaban con sistemas de producción tradicionales. Para la evaluación de la sostenibilidad se utilizaron las metodologías RISE y SAFA; Las sinergias y compensaciones se evaluaron mediante la prueba de correlación no paramétrica de Spearman y se utilizaron imágenes satelitales multitemporales de la serie Landsat para mapear los cambios territoriales, que se dividieron en tres etapas (1999 – 2009, 2009 – 2018), 1999 – 2018). Los procesos para evaluar LULC en la ZDV incluyeron (1) recopilación y análisis de datos, (2) procesamiento de datos para sensores remo tos, (3) cobertura terrestre temática y (4) homogeneización y vectorización de imágenes.
Se evidenció que la dinámica de sustentabilidad entre los sistemas productivos tradicionales es heterogénea y la existencia de sinergias entre las dimensiones de buen a gobernanza y resiliencia económica, además, se encontraron áreas sensibles y puntos críticos de deforestación, y que la mayoría de los usos y coberturas de los suelos se convirtieron en pastos en la ZDV. Los factores clave para la sostenibilidad de la agricultura fronteriza encontrados fueron prácticas precarias de comercio justo, mal manejo de los sistemas tradicionales de producción, poca viabilidad económica, ausencia de derechos laborales, alta vulnerabilidad económica, malas prácticas de bienestar animal, baja eficiencia en el manejo holístico, y ninguna inversión a nivel de sistemas productivos tradicionales. Por ello, es importante impulsar planes, proyectos o políticas públicas para el rescate y conservación de los sistemas productivos tradicionales indígenas y de los colonos migrantes y que ayuden a minimizar los conflictos territoriales entre actores.
ABSTRACT
In the Amazon, policies have ignored agriculture near remote forested areas, where poverty rates tend to be higher and the expansion of frontier agriculture is accompanied by illegal land grabbing, conflicts with indigenous and other population groups traditional. The main objective set was: to determine the key factors for the sustainability of border agriculture to reduce territorial conflicts with indigenous communities, mestizo settlers and indigenous communities in voluntary isolation in the Amazon, three specific objectives were defined to be met: i) evaluate the sustainability of small farmers, ii) identify the existing interactions between the dimensions of sustainability and iii) determine the territorial dynamics of changes in land use and cover (LULC). The study area was the Yasuní Biosphere Reserve (YBR), located in the western Amazon, it is considered one of the areas with the greatest biological and cultural biodiversity on the planet and includes the Yasuní National Park ( YNP ), the Waorani Ancestral Territory ( WAT ), the Tagaeri Taromenane Intangible Zone (TT IZ ) and the Zone of Diversity and Life (ZD L ), the RBY was announced by UNESCO in 1989; It is found in the provinces of Orellana (51.96%), Pastaza (39.40%) and Napo (8.64%), between the Napo and Curaray rivers.
\ud
Using the snowball sampling technique, surveys were conducted of indigenous Waorani, Kichwa, Shuar heads of household and migrant settlers who had traditional production systems. For the evaluation of sustainability, the RISE and SAFA methodologies were used; Synergies and trade - offs were evaluated using Spearman's non - parametric correlation test and multi - temporal satellite images from the Landsat series were used to map territorial changes, which were divided into three stages (1999 – 2009, 2009 – 2018, 1999 – 2018). The processes for evaluating LULC in the ZDL included (1) data collection and analysis, (2) data processing for remote sensing, (3) thematic land cover, and (4) image homogenization and vectorization.
It was evidenced that the dynamics of sustainability between traditional production systems is heterogeneous and the existence of synergies between the dimensions of good governance and economic resilience, in addition, sensitive areas and critical points of de forestation were found, and that most uses and coverage of the soils were converted to pasture in the ZDL. The key factors for the sustainability of border agriculture found were precarious fair - trade practices, poor management of traditional production systems, poor economic viability, absence of labour rights, high economic vulnerability, poor animal welfare practices, low efficiency in holistic management and no investment at the level of traditional production systems. For this reason, it is important to promote plans, projects or public policies for the rescue and conservation of traditional indigenous production systems and migrant settlers and that help minimize territorial conflicts between actors
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
- …
