39 research outputs found
Leadership Development in the Social Sector: A Framework for Supporting Strategic Investments
No full text· While much of the research on leadership and leadership development has historically studied private sector settings, recent work has begun to build knowledge about leaders in public and community settings.
· New models of leadership, including collective leadership, are being developed and implemented by foundations.
· A framework for identifying the level of intervention (individual, team, organization, network, or system) and the level of impact (individual, team, organization, community, or field of policy and practice) is proposed as a tool for more strategic investing in leadership development
Untersuchung zum Einfluss des Zeitpunktes der dilatativen Tracheotomie auf die Entwöhnbarkeit von der Beatmung bei herzchirurgischen Patienten
No full textDiese Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit einer retrospektiven Auswertung über den Einfluss des Zeitpunktes der Dilatationstracheotomie bei herzchirurgischen Patienten auf die Entwöhnung vom Respirator. Es wurde eine retrospektive Untersuchung auf der Intensivstation der Herzchirurgie am Universitätsklinikum Ulm im Zeitraum vom 01.01.2005 bis 29.04.2007 bei herzchirurgisch versorgten Patienten durchgeführt. Die Gesamtzahl aller operierten Patienten in diesem Zeitraum war 1266. Davon wurden 94 Patienten tracheotomiert. Es wurden 2 Gruppen untersucht, die einer Gruppe mit Frühtracheotomie (7. postoperativer Tag und früher) und einer Gruppe mit Spättracheotomie (8. postoperativer Tag und später) zugeordnet wurden. Es wurde festgestellt, dass Patienten mit EuroSCORE (European System for cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation)-Punktzahl 6 und mehr in der operierten und tracheotomierten Gruppe signifikant (p0,05) und konnten miteinander verglichen werden. Des Weiteren wurde Einfluss des Zeitpunktes der Tracheotomie auf die Mortalität untersucht. Die Mortalität aufgrund einer Pneumonie bei der frühtracheotomierten Gruppe war signifikant niedriger (p0,05) nicht signifikant. Unter Berücksichtigung der Mortalitätsursache fielen die Ergebnisse allerdings signifikant (p0,05). Allerdings war die Beatmungszeit von der Intubation beim Primäreingriff bis zur Spontanatmung über die Trachealkanüle und bis zur definitiven Dekanülierung signifikant niedriger. In dem von uns retrospektiv untersuchten Kollektiv profitierten Patienten mit Langzeitbeatmung von einer frühen Tracheotomie. Es ist anzunehmen, dass die Besiedelung vom Trachealsekret mit pathogenen Keimen zu einem unterschiedlichen Zeitpunkt stattfindet. Es scheint auch wichtig zu sein, eine Tracheotomie vor diesem Zeitpunkt durchzuführen, um eine VAP (ventilator associated pneumonia) zu reduzieren oder sogar zu vermeiden. Da es schwierig ist, diesen Zeitpunkt zu ermitteln, sollte bei gewissen Patienten mit erhöhtem EuroSCORE früher eine Tracheotomie erwogen werden. Diese Überlegung legt nahe, im individuellen Fall auch schon vor Ablauf der 7 Tage zu tracheotomieren. Es ist aber nicht immer zuverlässig abzuschätzen, ob ein Patient eine Langzeitbeatmung brauchen wird. Das würde bedeuten, dass konventionell entwöhnbare Patienten einer zwar gut etablierten und risikoarmen, aber dennoch invasiven Intervention unterzogen werden könnten. Dennoch zeigen unsere Ergebnisse, dass bei herzchirurgischen Patienten mit einer durch die Vorerkrankungen bestimmten erhöhten EuroSCORE-Punktzahl eine Indikation zur postoperativen Dilatationstracheotomie eher großzügiger gestellt werden soll, möglicherweise auch schon zu einem früheren Zeitpunkt. Den genauen Zeitpunkt zu einer Dilatationstracheotomie wird man allerdings in einer sorgfältigen Risiko-Nutzungs-Abwägung bestimmen müssen.
End-group-functionalized poly(N,N-diethylacrylamide) via free-radical chain transfer polymerization: Influence of sulfur oxidation and cyclodextrin on self-organization and cloud points in water
No full textIn this work we report the synthesis of thermo-, oxidation- and cyclodextrin- (CD) responsive end-group-functionalized polymers, based on N,N-diethylacrylamide (DEAAm). In a classical free-radical chain transfer polymerization, using thiol-functionalized 4-alkylphenols, namely 3-(4-(1,1-dimethylethan-1-yl)phenoxy)propane-1-thiol and 3-(4-(2,4,4-trimethylpentan-2-yl)phenoxy)propane-1-thiol, poly(N,N-diethylacrylamide) (PDEAAm) with well-defined hydrophobic end-groups is obtained. These end-group-functionalized polymers show different cloud point values, depending on the degree of polymerization and the presence of randomly methylated β-cyclodextrin (RAMEB-CD). Additionally, the influence of the oxidation of the incorporated thioether linkages on the cloud point is investigated. The resulting hydrophilic sulfoxides show higher cloud point values for the lower critical solution temperature (LCST). A high degree of functionalization is supported by 1H NMR-, SEC-, FTIR- and MALDI–TOF measurements
Remembering Thomas Postlewait 1941–2021
No full textThe picture of the group of scholars on the steps of the University of Helsinki in 1993 is typical of Thomas Postlewait and depicts at the same time an important moment in the history of the International Federation for Theatre Research (Fig. 1). Tom keeps in the background, furthest back in the top row, next to Selma Jeanne Cohen and Martine de Rougemont, then the vice president of IFTR. This position was in a way typical of Tom. He remained in the background and at the same time he supported and pushed those around him. This characterized his role as the editor of the University of Iowa Press series called Studies in Theatre History and Culture. During twenty years he published forty books by authors from many countries. Some of them can be seen assembled around him on the photograph. Anyone who was lucky to be coached by Editor Tom will easily confirm the strong directions that were given with a soft hand, preserving the particularities of the author within the overall framework of the series
Performance art, liturgy and the performance of belief
No full textPhDThe history of art and religion is intricately linked in Western culture. This thesis
focuses on one strand of this relationship and is concerned with the role of
performance practices in relation to spirituality in the West. Contemporary
performance practice and theory are at the centre of this research. Case studies on
the Roman Catholic Liturgy and the performance artist Marina Abramovi! are
used to show how traditional analyses of spiritual performance have not
accounted for the effects and affects of metaphysics in how we understand belief.
I argue that examinations of spiritual performance are needed which do not try to
understand such performances in terms of their representative meaning, but
rather, seek to account for their performative qualities as practices that both
instantiate and manifest belief. Performative theory has been used extensively to
analyse language and human action, specifically the performance of gender. Here
belief is taken as the subject of performative action and rituals are examined as
performance practices which perform belief. Starting with Jacques Derrida, I
begin a discussion of metaphysics and representation, tracing the nature of
Western understandings of belief from Plato, to Friedrich Nietzsche, to Derrida,
and to contemporary theological investigations into the nature of the human soul.
This establishes the metaphysical history of the treatment of belief as well as
various theoretical attempts to move past this model. The work of J.L. Austin,
John R. Searle, Judith Butler and Saba Mahmood is employed to examine belief
through speech act theory as a verb and finally through performative theory as an
action. The first half of the thesis contextualises Western belief as a culturally
specific entity that has not been analysed or understood in relation to its physical
and material aspects, as well as developing an analysis of performative action.
The second half applies the performative approach to the case studies
Influence of 6% Hydroxyethyl Starch 130/0.4 Versus Crystalloid Solution on Structural Renal Damage Markers After Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting: A Post Hoc Subgroup Analysis of a Prospective Trial
No full text
Elimination Rates of Electrolytes, Vitamins, and Trace Elements during Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy with Citrate Continuous Veno-Venous Hemodialysis: Influence of Filter Lifetime
No full text<b><i>Background/Aims:</i></b> During continuous renal replacement therapy, relevant losses of nutritional substrates, vitamins, and trace elements via the filter may occur. We investigated filter lifetime efficiency during a 72-h treatment period. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> This prospective study included 40 patients undergoing citrate continuous veno-venous hemodialysis (CVVHD). The elimination rates were measured at 24, 48, and 72 h. To assess the influence of filter lifetime, we determined substrate loss every 24 h over a 72-h interval. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Filter lifetime did not affect the loss of ionized calcium, inorganic phosphate, magnesium, zinc, folic acid, and vitamin B12. Nevertheless, we did observe clinically significant loss of ionized calcium and inorganic phosphate during CVVHD that required supplementation. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> CVVHD leads to significant loss of ionized calcium and inorganic phosphate that is independent of the filter lifetime.</jats:p
Redefining political theatre: masochism and the problem of identity
No full textThis dissertation proposes that the psychoanalytic concept of masochism is indispensable in interpreting race and gender politics in contemporary American theatre by women of color. The plays I examine -- Suzan-Lori Parks's Venus, Adrienne Kennedy's The Ohio State Murders and Alice Tuan's Hit -- use race and gender to expose the manner in which the democratic principles of modernity are not fulfilled, despite the appearance of equality. They do this, paradoxically, by staging the ways in which social factors might produce political conformity rather than defiance. Masochism, I argue, offers a compelling critical lens into the failures of liberal democracy as experienced by women of color. These failures surface as crises in the idealized concept of the autonomous, free-willing subject, a concept on which the democratic principles are based. Unlike much political theatre, the plays in this study do not represent efforts to achieve such an idealized subject position. Instead they depict masochistic subjects for whom such positions are unavailable, delineating the inadequacies of liberal democracy as they pertain to racialized and gendered subjects in the nineteenth and twentieth century.I proceed from the recognition that masochism, an inherently cultural phenomenon, is an acted-out symptom of the discrepancy between modernity's ideals of sovereignty and equality and a differently experienced reality. More than merely serving as a mechanism of sexual gratification, masochism is a complex psychic and social matrix, always both adaptive and defensive. It is in fact a paradoxical act of resistance, a defense mechanism for those for whom autonomy is out of reach. Through close readings of the three plays, I provide an example of masochism's usefulness in interpreting the politics in dramas that represent women of color whose masochistic behavior perpetuates rather than defies their oppression. Formally and thematically closer to the theatre of Jean Genet than to that of the Black Arts Movement or feminist groups, these plays foreground a new way of representing race and gender-based social criticism in the theatre.Ph.D.Includes bibliographical references (p. 197-202)
Diffusion of Xenon and Nitrous Oxide into the Bowel
No full textBackground: Nitrous oxide diffuses easily from blood into air filled spaces. Xenon is also a relatively insoluble gas, like nitrous oxide. Therefore, the authors measured xenon diffusion into obstructed bowel segments during xenon anesthesia and compared this with nitrous oxide and nitrogen diffusion. Methods: Twenty-one pentobarbital-anesthetized pigs were randomly assigned to three groups to receive either xenon-oxygen, nitrous oxide-oxygen, or nitrogen-oxygen (75%-25%), respectively. In each animal, four bowel segments of 15-cm length were isolated. A pressure-measuring catheter was inserted into the lumen, and 30 ml of room air was injected into the segments. Anesthesia with the selected gas mixture was performed for 4 h. Pressure in the segments was measured continuously. The volume of gaseous bowel content was measured on completion of the study. Results: The median volume of bowel gas in animals breathing nitrous oxide was 88.0 ml as compared with 39.0 ml with xenon anesthesia and 21.5 ml in the nitrogen-oxygen group. After 4 h of anesthesia, the intraluminal pressures in the nitrous oxide group were found to be significantly greater than in the control group and in the xenon group. Conclusions: The amount of diffused gas was significantly lower during xenon anesthesia than with nitrous oxide anesthesia but greater than with controls. Blood solubility can therefore be regarded as an important factor influencing gas diffusion into air filled cavities
