11 research outputs found
Foreign Remittances and Household Poverty: Evidence from Pakistan: Faisal Mehmood Mirza, Muhammad Saim Hashmi, Saima Iqbal and Asif Iqbal
No full textThis paper evaluates the impact of foreign remittances on household incomes `and poverty using household data in Pakistan. Employing propensity score matching method, average treatment effects on treated suggest that remittances increase per capita income by 45 percent when compared to per capita income of households that do not receive remittances. Poverty results suggest that remittances reduce the probability of households getting under poverty line by 30 percent. This percentage is higher for rural households at 36 percent than the urban households at 23 percent. Findings suggest that government should facilitate expatriate Pakistanis in sending remittances to their home country
Evidence of Monetary Policy and Economic Growth Nexus from Pakistan
No full textPurpose: To analyze the relationship between monetary policy and economic growth in Pakistan, study had used time-series data from 1975 to 2023.
Design/Methodology/Approach: Employing an empirical approach, the study applies the Error Correction Model (ECM) and the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) framework to investigate variable interactions. To capture volatility within growth-rate of GDP-per-capita (GDPPC), study further applies the “Auto Regressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity (ARCH) and Generalized Auto Regressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity (GARCH) models”.
Findings: These results implied that inflation, money supply, and overall reserve-ratio exert a negative and significant impact on financial development, whereas monetary policy instruments, specifically interest rates and exchange rates, demonstrated a positive and significant effect on economic performance. Results from ARCH and GARCH analysis revealed a persistent long-run volatility effects in Pakistan’s GDPPC growth rate.
Implications/Originality/Value: So, it is concluded that money supply policies can be revised and instead of increasing money supply solely, the focus can be shifted towards increasing interest-rate and exchange-rate which, in most cases, yield positive results while money supply, especially in this study, has negative sign pointing towards negative economic growth unsupportive for sustainable growth and development
Empirical evidence of Banking Sector Development and Economic Growth in Pakistan: A Time Series Approach.
No full textEl estudio investiga el efecto a largo plazo del sector bancario en el progreso económico de Pakistán. En la aplicación del método de cointegración de Johansen en datos de series temporales para 1980-2018 encontramos una relación de cointegración estable para Pakistán. Los resultados indican que en el desarrollo del sector bancario, las remesas se relacionan positivamente con el crecimiento económico, y la tasa del mercado monetario (MMR) utilizada como sustituto de la tasa de interés se relacionó negativamente con el progreso económico. La evidencia demuestra promover el crecimiento, y que las políticas a largo plazo deben orientarse hacia la mejora de la inversión y el entorno del sector bancario, respaldado por las innovaciones tecnológicas. Los resultados respaldan una fuerte evidencia y un papel positivo de los factores reales de los indicadores de desarrollo del sector bancario con el crecimiento económico de Pakistán. The study purpose was to investigate the long-term effect of the Banking sector on economic progress of Pakistan. In the application of Johansen Cointegration method on time series data for 1980-2018, we found stable cointegration relationship for Pakistan. Results indicate that the Banking sector development (BSD) proxied by Advances, Remittances are positively related with economic growth while money market rate (MMR) used as substitute for interest rate was negatively related with economic progress. Evidence demonstrates consistent nature of the banking sector-growth nexus, suggesting that for promoting growth, long-run policies should be geared towards improving banking sector investment and environment supported by technological innovations. The results support strong evidence and positive role of real factors of banking sector development indicators with economic growth for Pakistan
Does Borrower’s Personality Affects the Repayment of the Loan? A Study of Banking Sector of Pakistan
No full textThe continuing global increase in economic activities is increasing the importance of the banking sector as the hub of such activities. The banking sector issue loans to individuals, firms, and government. Various factors influence the repayment of these loans. In this study, we argue that the personality of the borrower affects the repayment of the loan. We have selected a sample of 500 borrowers of five major banks in Pakistan by using a cluster sampling technique. We selected 250 (50%) regular borrower and 250 (50%) defaulters. We measured borrower personality through a 44-items big five inventory (BFI) questionnaire similar to John & Srivastava (1999). We analyzed data using one-way ANOVA and regression. The results show considerable significant differences between the personality of regular borrowers and defaulters on all five traits of personality, which reveals that the borrower’s personality affects the repayment of the loan. The defaulters were high on extroversion and neuroticism dimensions, while regular borrowers were high on agreeableness, conscientiousness, and openness to experience. The results also depict the strong effect of demographic characteristics such as income, education, and family size on loan repayment. The study suggests banks consider the personality traits of the borrower at the time of issuing of loan
Exploring the Role of Fiscal Decentralization in Capital formation: Empirical Evidence from Pakistan
No full textThe purpose of this paper was to investigate the impact of Fiscal decentralization on capital formation. Time series data from 1980-2018 were used for the assessment of the model through Auto Regressive Distributed Lag modelling technique. Empirical outcomes corroborated that government development expenditures had significant positive impact on capital formation in Pakistan. The impact of government expenditures on economy is seemed to be a very important element for economic progression in democratic countries. This study result indicates that it is vital for the Pakistani government to adopt the policy of increase in government expenditures in order to attain higher capital formation, a precondition for growth and development of the country
An assessment of industrial employment skill gaps among university graduates in the Gujrat-Sialkot-Gujranwala industrial cluster, Pakistan
No full textThe objective of this study is to examine different assessments of employers and students about job skills leading to differences defined as skill, employability, and perception gaps based on surveys of 100 industrial employers and 151 final year students from 6 universities and postgraduate colleges in the Gujrat-Sialkot-Gujranwala industrial cluster. Factor analysis grouped 24 specific skills into the three interpretable categories: communication and business specific skills, core employability skills, and professional skills. The results suggest gaps in all three respects for each of the skill categories
An assessment of industrial employment skill gaps among university graduates in the Gujrat-Sialkot-Gujranwala industrial cluster, Pakistan
No full textThe objective of this study is to examine different assessments of employers and students about job skills leading to differences defined as skill, employability, and perception gaps based on surveys of 100 industrial employers and 151 final year students from 6 universities and postgraduate colleges in the Gujrat-Sialkot-Gujranwala industrial cluster. Factor analysis grouped 24 specific skills into the three interpretable categories: communication and business specific skills, core employability skills, and professional skills. The results suggest gaps in all three respects for each of the skill categories.Non-PRIFPRI1; PSSPDSG
Does the Specific Matrix of Cultural Values and Ethnic- Religious Diversity Hinder Economic Development in African Region?
No full textAbstract This study empirically probes the role of culture in fostering or hindering economic performance in Africa. Our results show that cultural values appear to some extant have statistically significant and operationally meaningful economic effects. We also test the effect of ethnic and religious diversity which discourage economic growth. Using the OLS method, we appraised the baseline endogenous economic growth model to incorporate cultural variables. Cultural attitudes toward trust and self-determination were found to affect economic development significantly. However, respect was associated with unexpected signs of an inverse relationship with economic growth. Further, the cultural motivational index (CMI) was also negatively associated with growth. This implies that the traditional values of African culture do not lend support to economic growth. While the ethnic and religious fractionalization may not be harmful to development, ethnic and religious polarization affects the development more adversely
Monetary Policy Reaction Function and Sterilization of Capital Inflows: An Analysis of Asian Countries
No full text
