23 research outputs found
Energy Recovery Through Massive and Reversible Underground Storage (O2, CO2, CH4)
No full textInternational audienceAmbitious targets for renewable penetration in the electricity production mix in France goes with the emergence of new challenges, such as the integration of intermittent electricity into the transmission and distribution grid. The major hurdle on this path however is the energy storage that would help to smooth electricity production with energy shifting from high production demand times to peak demand times. The large volumes available underground offer scope for energy storage through “Power-to-Gas” systems that are suited to massive on-grid energy storage. This technology comprises two alternative paths: power-to-hydrogen and power-to-methane. In the power-to-methane path, hydrogen (H2) reacts with carbon dioxide (CO2) to produce methane (CH4). CO2 sources considered so far to supply methanation reactors are mostly from power plants or industrial processes running of fossil fuels. If power-to-methane is deployed at large scale, it could face CO2 supply issues, especially in a scenario of low carbon emitting industry and energy production. The Electro-Methanation-Oxy-Fuel (EMO) is a “Power-to-Gas-to-Power” concept based on the power-to-methane path that addresses this challenge by proposing a closedloop solution that recycles CO2 released at power generation step. In this concept, the oxygen (O2) co-produced during the electrolysis is used as combustive for power generation in an oxy-combustion turbine. Due to its relative purity, the emitted CO2 is then easily captured and reused in methane production. The process implies the temporary storage of large amount of fluids (O2, CO2 and CH4). Solution-mined caverns in salt could be used for massive and reversible storage of O2 and CO2.Critical aspects of the EMO process that will be discussed in this paper are the availability of cavern capacity in France, the dynamic behaviour of the individual process steps, and especially the economics as well as the efficiency of the concept
Assessment of Well Integrity for Repurposing O&G Wells for CO2 StorageEssential Safety Considerations
No full textPlanning a Notable CCS Pilot-Scale Project: A Case Study in France, Paris Basin—Ile-de-France
No full textInternational audienceFew commercial-scale carbon capture and storage (CCS) projects are currently operating in the world, with almost all in the USA and China. Despite a high number of CCS pilot-scale projects achieved in Europe, only two commercial-scale projects are operating today. The goal of this study is to present a case study in France to select a promising location to deploy a notable CCS pilot-scale project based on a multicriteria regional-scale approach. The methodology applied in this case study describes and assesses different aspects involved in CCS technology at the regional scale, and then an evaluation of economic key performance indicators (KPI) of CCS is carried out. The assessment at the regional scale gives an overview of where CCS could be applied, when CCS could be deployed and how to launch CCS considering the needs and concerns of stakeholders in the region. Technical aspects were mapped, such as the location of irreducible CO2 sources and long-lasting emissions and the location of storage resources and existing potential transport infrastructures. We identified the waste-to-energy and chemical sectors as the main CO2 sources in the region. An economic analysis of a hypothetical scenario of CCS deployment was elaborated considering three of the higher emitters in the region. A CCS scenario in the Paris Basin region with a deployment between 2027 and 2050 indicates a low CO2 cost per ton avoided between 43 EUR/t and 70 EUR/t for a cumulated total of 25 Mt and 16 Mt, respectively, of CO2 captured and stored for 26 years, including 7.7 Mt of CO2 from biomass (potential negative emissions). Storage maturity and availability of the resource are the most uncertain parameters of the scenario, although they are the key elements to push investment in capture facilities and transport. Geological storage pilot projects are mandatory to prove storage resource and should be located in strategic locations close to potential CO2 sources in case of confirmation of proven resources. Well-perceived pilot-scale projects are the first step to start engaging in deciding and investing in commercial-scale CCS project
Evaluation of the CO2 Leakage Risk Along the Abandoned Wells in the French Context
No full textAbstractThis paper presents a classification system, adapted from the Watson and Bachu (2007) one, to estimate the leakage risk along the abandoned wells in the French context. The selected criteria of this classification are the wellbore type (with/without casing that intercepts the aquifer where the storage will take place), the abandonment date (before/after 2000 which corresponds to a significant improvement in the French wellbore abandonment regulation), the top level of primary cementation, the deviation of the wellbore, and the drilling date (before/after 1980). The input data necessary to establish the classification are mostly available. When a data is missing, we have considered either: 1) a most prejudicial option assuming that the maximum value is considered; 2) or less prejudicial option where the criterion does not affect the calculated risk category. The results show a great variability of the risk when one moves from the most prejudicial option to the less prejudicial one. This emphasizes the primary importance of the management of the lack of data in this kind of study. Thus, without any additional information, the evaluation of the CO2 leakage risk along the abandoned wells should at least exhibit the two extreme values that respectively correspond to the less and the most prejudicial options
Determining performance indicators for linking monitoring results and risk assessment – application to the CO2 storage pilot of Hontomin, Spain
No full textInternational audienceRisk management is an essential part of any CO2 injection and storage operation, not only to ensure there will be no detrimental impacts towards health or the environment, but also as a mean to build trust with stakeholders. Operational risk management can be divided in three parts: 1/ risk assessment, where risk is studied and commonly involves numerical modelling; 2/ monitoring during operations is needed in order to check that the evolution of the site is in line with the assessment; and 3/ risk mitigation or risk treatment which includes any measure that can lower the risk either before or during operations. Currently, there are few papers looking at the links between these three parts, which are nonetheless essential for an optimal management of the risks: monitoring systems and mitigation measures should be put in place according to the results of risk assessment; monitoring should have set thresholds for activating corrective measures; risk assessment should be updated with results from monitoring, etc. The focus of this work is on the feedback from monitoring towards risk assessment and risk mitigation. Many papers already studied the field of " history-matching " , but this is generally restricted to the update of the geological and dynamical models of the operation, and it deals less frequently with the risk assessment update. However, as some field experience demonstrated (most famously at Sleipner), there is a high probability that the CO2 plume behaves differently than initially foreseen. This can have a large effect on the assessment of risks: some risks might not be relevant anymore while new risks might be discovered. It is thus important to get a current understanding of the risks during operations, otherwise some decisions (for instance deploying contingency monitoring or activating mitigation measures) could be based on outdated information. In addition, it is important that predetermined thresholds are in place for activating the appropriate mitigation measures. By comparing the initial assessment with the site evolution, it is expected that some deviation will occur. We should then distinguish between:-" acceptable " deviations that would not necessitate an update of the risk assessment-" large " deviations that would lead to an update of the risk assessment-" unacceptable " deviations that would lead to an update of risk assessment and the activation of appropriate mitigation measures. The purpose of this work is to propose indicators that enable to quantify the deviations between the observations from the monitoring system and the predictions from the risk assessment (including numerical modelling). Criteria are then created for distinguishing acceptable, large and unacceptable deviations. This is applied on a real operation: the CO2 storage pilot site of Hontomin, in Spain, operated by CIUDEN. Setting the indicators consists in finding one or several metrics related to each of the monitoring technique currently deployed at the site. The metric should allow to link the observations to the risk assessment. For instance the pressure measurement at or near the injection well can be linked to the risk of wellbore leakage. The completeness of the indicators is ensured by checking that each identified risk is represented by at least one indicator. The main difficulty of this work is to propose indicators that are both operational (i.e. can be computed quickly and easily) and in coherency with the stated objective. For instance, for monitoring techniques that are imaging the plume, the issue is to create meaningful quantitative indicators (e.g. approximate area of the plume, maximum distance from the injection well, or probability of leakage in the caprock)
Environmental and Techno-economic Feasibility of a BCCUS project: the CO2SERRE case study in Centre-Val de Loire (France)
No full textInternational audienceThe setting up of negative emissions appears more and more as a means to achieve the ambitious objectives of future GHG emissions reductions. Capturing, storing and/or valorising CO2 issued from biomass is a promising way to obtain these negative emissions. With this objective, the CO2SERRE project studies the techno-economic and environmental feasibility of implementing an innovative "BCCUS" pilot in France (Centre-Val de Loire). The concept consists in capturing CO2 from a biomass cogeneration plant in Orléans, valorizing it in local greenhouse farms, and storing the unused CO2 in geological reservoirs in the region.To feed the techno-economic and environmental feasibility assessment, each stage of the CCUS chain has been considered and assessed: capture, transport, geological storage, and use in greenhouses. This paper presents the CO2SERRE project’s final outcomes on the technical feasibility of the process, as well as on its viability on both economic and environmental sides.Dalkia Biomasse Orléans (DBO) facility emits around 80 kt of CO2 per year. Data on the plant process and its emissions have been collected. A post-combustion capture by chemical absorption with monoethanolamine (MEA) is considered. The different options for transporting the captured CO2 have been studied, mapped and optimized. The use of pipelines (with CO2 in supercritical phase) is considered for transport to the storage site, while the truck option is considered for transport of liquefied CO2 to the greenhouses. Based on the current practice of CO2 consumption in greenhouses and the needs of the producers of the region, the potential for captured CO2 use in greenhouse in the Orléans region has been estimated to 10 kt/year. Finally, the underground storage capacity in the geological formations of the Paris Basin has been studied through modelling of reservoir behaviour according to well location and injection rate. The targeted reservoir would be able to store over 1 Mt/year, which is almost equivalent to the total annual emissions of the region Centre-Val de Loire.An environmental assessment has been carried out on the whole capture – transport – storage – utilization chain, using Life Cycle Analysis (LCA). The system with CCUS has been compared to the actual situation without CCUS, and different scenarios has been considered according to the source of energy for capture process (steam from DBO or from a gas-fired power plant; with or without energy valorization of the DBO exhaust gases). The analysis shows that, globally, implementing CCUS in our case study avoids more environmental impacts than it generates. Avoided impacts are higher when the energy for capture comes from DBO, but it generates a gain loss for the operator. Also, valorising the exhaust gases energy is interesting especially when using energy from the gas-fired plant. Concerning valorisation of the CO2 in greenhouses, the outcomes show that the highest the share of valorization compared to storage, the lowest are the environmental impacts.The technico-economic analysis (TEA) of the project assesses the economic viability of the whole concept, in which carbon is considered as an input for growing plants. The TEA valuatesthe overall carbon capture, transport and storage costs of the project, and compares this avoided carbon price with the actual price already paid by local greenhouse operators. While both TEA and LCA take account of a sole carbon source, biomass burning, the CO2SERRE concept could be extended to other sources of carbon coming from biomass use, like beetroot fermentation in sugar refineries. An evaluation of the sensibility of the LCA results from the value of its different parameters is performed: compared time profile and volume of carbon emission by biomass burning and use by greenhouse, transport options, and reservoir types
Quantitative risk assessment in the early stages of a CO2 geological storage project: implementation of a practical approach in an uncertain context
No full textInternational audienceMethodologies for quantitative risk assessment regarding CO2 storage operations are currently scarce mostly because of the lack of experience in this field and the relatively significant uncertainty degree regarding the subsurface intrinsic properties and the processes occurring after the injection starts. This paper presents a practical approach designed to perform a quantitative risk assessment in an uncertain context. Our approach is illustrated on a realistic case study (Paris basin, France), conceived to be representative of the level of information available in the early stages of a project. It follows the risk assessment principles from the international standard (ISO 31000:2009), which are adapted to account for the specificities and challenges of subsurface operations. After the establishment of the context of the specific case study, the main risks were identified and we analysed two different risk scenarios (risk of brine leakage from an abandoned well, risk of subsurface use conflict). These scenarios were selected to give a comprehensive overview of different types of analysis in terms of available data, modelling tools and uncertainty management methodologies. The main benefit of this paper is to propose an approach, based on existing risk assessment standards, best practices and analysis tools, which allows an objective quantitative risk analysis taking into account the uncertainties, and therefore enables a fully informed decision-making while evaluating risk acceptability
Responsiveness of the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure
No full textGeneral rights It is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), other than for strictly personal, individual use, unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons). Disclaimer/Complaints regulations If you believe that digital publication of certain material infringes any of your rights or (privacy) interests, please let the Library know, stating your reasons. In case of a legitimate complaint, the Library will make the material inaccessible and/or remove it from the website. Please Ask the Library: https://uba.uva.nl/en/contact, or a letter to: Library of the University of Amsterdam, Secretariat, Singel 425, 1012 WP Amsterdam, The Netherlands. You will be contacted as soon as possible. Abstract-This study evaluated the responsiveness of the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM), an individualized, client-centered outcome measure for the identification and evaluation of self-perceived occupational performance problems. We recruited 152 consecutive patients with various diagnoses, admitted to the outpatient clinic of two occupational therapy departments, to complete a COPM interview and three self-reported health status questionnaires on two occasions: prior to the start of occupational therapy treatment and 3 months later. The three questionnaires were the Sickness Impact Profile (SIP68), the Disability and Impact Profile (DIP), and the Impact on Participation and Autonomy (IPA). We assessed criterion responsiveness by calculating the area under the curve (AUC) for the receiver operating characteristic curve and the optimal cutoff values for the COPM scores. To determine construct responsiveness, we calculated correlations between the change in COPM scores and the change in the SIP68, DIP, and IPA scores. The AUC ranged from 0.79 to 0.85, and the optimal cut-off values for the performance scores and satisfaction scores ranged from 0.9 to 1.9. We found significant positive correlations between the COPM scores and the SIP68, DIP, and IPA scores. The capability of the COPM to detect changes in perceived occupational performance issues is supported. Key words: client-centered, COPM, needs assessment, occupational therapy, outcome assessment, patient participation, patient satisfaction, psychometrics, rehabilitation, treatment outcome. INTRODUCTION In rehabilitation, reducing disabilities and attaining independence and self-determination are important goal
Developing CCUS in Mediterranean Region – Technical Evaluation of Promising Value Chains
No full textDeveloping CCUS in Mediterranean Region – Technical Evaluation of Promising Value Chains
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