697 research outputs found
Does choice change preferences? An incentivized test of the mere choice effect - Data set
No full textData set, codebook, and pre-registered report for article
Alós-Ferrer, Carlos, and Georg D. Granic (forthcoming).
"Does Choice Change Preferences? An Incentivized Test of the Mere Choice Effect", Experimental Economics.
Abstract
Widespread evidence from psychology and neuroscience documents that previous choices unconditionally increase the later desirability of chosen objects, even if those choices were uninformative. This is problematic for economists who use choice data to estimate latent preferences, demand functions, and social welfare. The
evidence on this mere choice efect, however, exhibits serious shortcomings which prevent evaluating its possible relevance for economics. In this paper, we present
a novel, parsimonious experimental design to test for the economic validity of the mere choice efect addressing these shortcomings. Our design uses well-defned,
monetary lotteries, all decisions are incentivized, and we efectively randomize participants’ initial choices without relying on deception. Results from a large, preregistered online experiment fnd no support for the mere choice efect. Our results challenge conventional wisdom outside economics. The mere choice efect does not seem to be a concern for economics, at least in the domain of decision making under risk.
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Replication Data for: Spatial Voting Meets Spatial Policy Positions: An Experimental Appraisal
No full textWe develop and validate a novel experimental design that builds a bridge between experimental research on the theory of spatial voting and the literature on measuring policy positions from text. Our design utilizes established text-scaling techniques and their corresponding coding schemes to communicate candidates’ numerical policy positions via verbal policy statements. This design allows researchers to investigate the relationship between candidates’ policy stances and voter choice in a purely text-based context. We validate our approach with an online survey experiment. Our results generalize previous findings in the literature and show that proximity considerations are empirically prevalent in purely text-based issue framing scenarios. The design we develop is broad and portable, and we discuss how it adds to current experimental designs, as well as suggest several implications and possible routes for future research
Replication Data for: Spatial Voting Meets Spatial Policy Positions: An Experimental Appraisal
No full textWe develop and validate a novel experimental design that builds a bridge between experimental research on the theory of spatial voting and the literature on measuring policy positions from text. Our design utilizes established text-scaling techniques and their corresponding coding schemes to communicate candidates’ numerical policy positions via verbal policy statements. This design allows researchers to investigate the relationship between candidates’ policy stances and voter choice in a purely text-based context. We validate our approach with an online survey experiment. Our results generalize previous findings in the literature and show that proximity considerations are empirically prevalent in purely text-based issue framing scenarios. The design we develop is broad and portable, and we discuss how it adds to current experimental designs, as well as suggest several implications and possible routes for future research
Reward-dependent dynamics and changes in risk taking in the Balloon Analogue Risk Task
Get PDFThe Balloon Analogue Risk Task (BART) assesses real-world decision-making processes in a laboratory setting and has been applied to both healthy and clinical populations. Whereas many previous studies established reliable links between behaviour in the BART and individual characteristics, such as gender, age, and educational level, little is known to date how dynamic, contextual features of the BART impact risk taking behaviour. The present paper fills this gap and reports the results of an online BART administered to a sample of 141 voluntary participants. Taking a novel, single-trial perspective, we document significant associations between experience and expectation related variables, in particular reward and punishment dynamics, and risk-taking behaviour in the BART. Having accrued more money increases risk-taking behaviour as does experiencing foregone profits through exploded balloons. Our findings are consistent with prominent theories of decision-making under risk which postulate intra-person changes in risk-appetite. Our results have important implications for future research as they stress that a more dynamic perspective on the BART can enrich our understanding of the factors that shape risk-taking behaviour
Does choice change preferences? An incentivized test of the mere choice effect - Data set
No full textData set, codebook, and pre-registered report for article Alós-Ferrer, Carlos, and Georg D. Granic (forthcoming). "Does Choice Change Preferences? An Incentivized Test of the Mere Choice Effect", Experimental Economics. Abstract Widespread evidence from psychology and neuroscience documents that previous choices unconditionally increase the later desirability of chosen objects, even if those choices were uninformative. This is problematic for economists who use choice data to estimate latent preferences, demand functions, and social welfare. The evidence on this mere choice efect, however, exhibits serious shortcomings which prevent evaluating its possible relevance for economics. In this paper, we present a novel, parsimonious experimental design to test for the economic validity of the mere choice efect addressing these shortcomings. Our design uses well-defned, monetary lotteries, all decisions are incentivized, and we efectively randomize participants’ initial choices without relying on deception. Results from a large, preregistered online experiment fnd no support for the mere choice efect. Our results challenge conventional wisdom outside economics. The mere choice efect does not seem to be a concern for economics, at least in the domain of decision making under risk
Spatial voting meets spatial policy positions : an experimental appraisal
No full textAbstract: We develop and validate a novel experimental design that builds a bridge between experimental research on the theory of spatial voting and the literature on measuring policy positions from text. Our design utilizes established text-scaling techniques and their corresponding coding schemes to communicate candidates\u2019 numerical policy positions via verbal policy statements. This design allows researchers to investigate the relationship between candidates\u2019 policy stances and voter choice in a purely text-based context. We validate our approach with an online survey experiment. Our results generalize previous findings in the literature and show that proximity considerations are empirically prevalent in purely text-based issue framing scenarios. The design we develop is broad and portable, and we discuss how it adds to current experimental designs, as well as suggest several implications and possible routes for future research
Incentives in surveys
Get PDFSurveys typically use hypothetical questions to measure subjective and unverifiable concepts like happiness and quality of life. We test whether this is problematic using a large survey experiment on health and subjective well-being. We use Prelec’s Bayesian truth serum to incentivize the experiment and defaults to introduce biases in responses. Without defaults, the data quality was good and incentives had no impact. With defaults, incentives reduced default biases in the subjective well-being questions by inducing participants to spend more effort. Incentives had no impact on the health questions regardless of whether defaults were used.This research was made possible by a Vidi grant (452-13-013) of the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO)
Die vest gegründete Wahrheit der Vernunft und Religion in dem ersten Theile des wertheimischen Bibelwerks gegen Herrn Joachim Langens der Gottesgelehrsamkeit Doctor und Professors zu Halle lezthin unter dem lästerhaften Titel der philosophische Religionsspötter herausgegebene Schmähschrift / vertheidiget durch den Verfasser von der freyen Uebersetzung der göttlichen Schriften [d. i. Johann Lorenz Schmidt]
No full textVorrede dat.: Wertheim, den 30 October, 1735.Bibliogr. Nachweis: Spalding, Paul S., Seize the book, jail the author. Johann Lorenz Schmidt and censorship in eighteenth-century Germany, West Lafayette (Indiana), 1998, S.318, Nr. 1735bVorlageform des Erscheinungsvermerks: Wertheim, gedruckt durch Joh. Georg Nehr, Hof- und Cantzley-Buchdrucke
Rien ne va plus. Emozioni e passioni in Georg Simmel e Jean Baudrillard
No full textIn the 1970s, with Arlie Russell Hochschild’s studies, human sciences re-evaluated the emotional dimension. Emotions are now considered a boost to individual action and socializing element. Analyzing the Jean Baudrillard’ work De la seduction (1979), this paper intends to highlight the important contribution the author can give to sociology of emotions. In particular, the aim of the work is to compare Baudrillard's reflection with that of Georg Simmel, a sociologist who first gave a more organic structure to the study of emotions. According to Baudrillard, in our society, subjects undergo the attractiveness and seductive force of objects. Baudrillard describes the domain of objects and the subsequent supremacy of cold emotions. Unlike Simmel, in Baudrillard: a) There isn’t interpersonal relationship; b) The subject is not emotionally involved. In Baudrillard, the man experiences new emotions: dominion, affection, anxiety. After comparing the different approach of the two authors, this paper assumes the birth of the man impatiens, a man who is surrounded by emotional situations and fast excitement. A man who lives a constant challenge in search of the best emotional performance
Georg and Hedwig Hirschfeld Letter
Get PDFWhite letter with title, Gemeinnükige Kleingärtner = Genossenschaft m. b. h., Quedlinburg a Harz. Includes a typewritten message.
Information Provided by Michael D. Bulmash:
One of two documents (2012.1.510 & 2012.1.511) relating to German Jewish couple Georg and Hedwig Hirschfeld. Georg Hirschfeld was a well-known author who lived in Munich. The couple sold their house to a German named Gottschalk. After the house was sold, the Hirschfelds were unable to find a flat due to the Nazi law involving tenancies with Jews. Mrs. Hirschfeld tried everything to get an accommodation for herself and her husband. She finally tried to get an accommodation in a summer house through a German allotment club.
This first letter is a very kind response by a German to Mrs. Hirschfeld. A translation follows: Dear Mrs. Hirschfeld! We received your letter from 12.2.1940 and unfortunately have to inform you that we are not able to bestow upon you an accommodation in our allotment club. Due to the law Tenancies with Jews from 30.4.1939 it is against the law for German nationals to live together with Jews. The common housing shortage and actual war situation make it impossible to accommodate you and your husband in a Jewish house. Perhaps you should seek to talk again with SS-Hauptsturmführer Berg and ask him if there is a possibility to accommodate you at the newly established Ghetto at Litzmannstadt. Dear Mrs. Hirschfeld, we are so sorry that we cannot give you a more positive response. With best regards and Heil Hitler.”https://digital.kenyon.edu/bulmash/2224/thumbnail.jp
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