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Introduction
No full textThe introductory chapter, written by editors Martin Grander and Mark Stephens, introduces the housing question as one of the most pressing issues of societal importance in recent decades. The authors summarize the problems of global housing markets in terms of accessibility, affordability, and residential segregation and argue that a deeper understanding of such problems requires the interrelationship between housing and welfare to be addressed. The authors argue for the application of “welfare regimes”, as proposed by Gøsta Esping-Andersen, which makes it possible to commence a deeper analysis in which distinctive housing systems can emerge in parallel to such wider welfare systems. The chapter shows that Jim Kemeny’s analysis of the relationship between welfare and housing regimes has recently been contested by both empirical and theoretical research. It is therefore argued that there is a need to revisit the connection between housing and welfare, considering changes in both the wider welfare regimes and housing systems. Thus, the aim of the book is introduced – to provide an empirically grounded and theoretically updated perspective of how welfare regimes relate to housing systems from the 2020s onwards
Understanding the relationship between housing and welfare
No full textIn this chapter, Martin Grander and Mark Stephens discuss the current academic understanding of how housing interlocks with welfare. The chapter problematises models that seek to analyse housing and welfare in tandem, building on the literature on decreasing housing affordability, more limited access to housing, and increasing housing inequality. Based on this literature – and on recent critiques of the housing-welfare regime framework from housing scholars – the authors argue for an updated empirically grounded understanding of the relationship. The chapter presents a framework for an updated, understanding of the interrelation, developing Kemeny’s theories and the current paradigm of analysing housing systems from a comparative welfare state perspective. As the authors argue, such a developed understanding needs to be based on empirical data on housing and welfare from different contexts, which evidently have undergone important changes in recent decades
Conclusions: Welfare regimes in the 21st century: from labelling to explaining
No full textIn this concluding chapter, editors Martin Grander and Mark Stephens summarise the findings and reflect on the evolution of regime approaches as theoretical frameworks for understanding housing systems. The central thesis is that the housing regime operates within a wider welfare regime that incorporates both micro- and macro- social and economic institutions. Identifying the interrelationships between the housing and wider welfare regimes is key to understanding how housing systems operate, and what policy can – and cannot – achieve. Interpreting welfare regimes and housing regimes, and the relationship between them has become more complex as the world has become more integrated; it has become simply impossible to understand housing systems solely from within. Neither merely describing institutional frameworks and policies nor categorising them on the basis of the role of the state, market and households will provide a satisfactory explanation. Understanding requires capturing organisational logic, which is itself more difficult as traditional ideologies and party systems are weakened, although the significance of legacy regimes remains
Changes in housing and welfare – a global analysis
No full textIn this chapter, editors Martin Grander and Mark Stephens draw conclusions on the changes in housing and welfare regimes based on the empirical findings from the countries explored in the previous chapters. The chapter shows that both housing and welfare systems – regardless of their earlier constitution – have changed markedly in terms of income inequality and housing accessibility due to processes such as marketization and income polarization. Inequalities in both housing and welfare have in some countries been reinforced during the last decade by migration and everywhere by the COVID-19 pandemic. The current economic crisis continues to exacerbate such inequalities as inflation and increasing interest rates tend to place a disproportionate strain on low-income households. The chapter shows how the development of the national housing policy is driven by policies of fiscal consolidation, rather than welfare state development. This development calls for a more in-depth analysis of the interrelation between housing and the wider welfare state, which also includes the sphere of finance
Understanding housing and welfare
No full textIn this chapter, the basic concepts of housing and welfare are clarified by editors Martin Grander and Mark Stephens. The notions of welfare regimes and housing regimes are defined and elaborated, discussing the distributional logic of welfare and housing in different contexts. The chapter discusses the basis for Esping-Andersen’s classic typology of welfare regimes as well as more recent developments, critiques, and alternative understandings of such a categorization. Regarding housing, the authors first introduce how comparative approaches to theorize housing have mirrored approaches more closely focused on welfare states. Here, the “housing-welfare regime” framework, founded by Kemeny, serves as the main point of departure. Thus, the chapter introduces and summarizes the two principal articulations of regime theory as applied to the welfare state and to housing, as well as the key studies that preceded them. It also highlights the political and economic context in which these regimes were created in the 20th century and how this has changed under the pressures of economic globalization and political fragmentation. The chapter also demonstrates how regime theory has bifurcated between housing and the wider welfare state and this inevitably inhibits our ability to understand the relationship between them, particularly in a changing world
The embeddedness of housing in the welfare regime
No full textThis chapter addresses the embeddedness of housing in the wider welfare regime. Through an analytical framework constructed on the basis of earlier research and empirical findings from previous chapters in the book, editors Martin Grander and Mark Stephens develop the theoretical understanding of the embeddedness of housing in the wider welfare regime. The chapter connects the changes in the global housing and welfare regimes described in the previous chapter to the previous understanding of the housing-welfare nexus. The authors start by examining the countries’ wider welfare regimes, and then the housing regimes, first within the context of Kemeny’s typology of housing regimes, and then within the framework based on previous work by Stephens, where housing is examined through the spheres of production, consumption and exchange. Finally, the two perspectives are drawn together. By such an application the authors contribute to an updated understanding of how housing can be understood and analysed as part of the welfare state
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Den ekonomiska politiken begränsar flyttviljan
No full textSammanfattning
Examensarbetets titel: Den ekonomiska politiken begränsar flyttviljan
Seminariedatum: 2019-05-27
Ämne/kurs: FF321F
Författare: Daniel Bokhari Friberg, Eric Lagerlöf och Jakob Gustafsson
Handledare: Martin Grander
Nyckelord: Transaktionskostnad, ekonomisk politik, ränta, amorteringskrav, uppskov,
reavinstbeskattning, flyttkedjor, lock-in-effekt.
Syfte: Syftet med uppsatsen är att undersöka vilka faktorer som påverkar äldre människors benägenhet att flytta samt vilken effekt den nuvarande ekonomiska politiken har på den svenska bostadsmarknaden. Vidare utreds varför rörligheten och flyttkedjan bland äldre ser ut som den gör med anledning av dessa faktorer.
Metod: För att uppnå syftet med uppsatsen har en kvalitativ studie genomförts i form av 15 semistrukturerade intervjuer.
Teoretiska perspektiv: Den teoretiska referensramen är uppdelad i två avsnitt, tidigare forskning samt teori. I det första avsnittet berörs främst äldres rörlighet på bostadsmarknaden. I den andra delen återfinns följande rubriker: Marknadsteori, Pristeori bostadsrätter, Transaktionskostnader samt Flyttkedjor.
Empiri: Studiens empiri består utav två avsnitt, en dokumentstudie samt ett intervjuresultat. Första delen består utav följande rubriker: Reavinstskatt, Fastighetsskatt och fastighetsavgift, Uppskov, Ränta samt Amortering och amorteringskrav. Intervjuresultatet är uppdelat i två huvudrubriker: Ekonomiska faktorer samt Personliga faktorer.
Analys: Studiens intervjuresultat analyseras här med hjälp av den teoretiska referensramen samt tidigare forskning.
Slutsats: Sammanfattningsvis vittnar studien om att dagens ekonomiska politik har stor inverkan på äldres flyttbenägenhet. Sveriges höga vinstbeskattning för permanentboende pekar mot en inlåsningseffekt som följaktligen leder till att bostadsbeståndet inte nyttjas optimalt. De ekonomiska faktorerna i kombination med de personliga faktorerna är avgörande för huruvida Sverige ska lyckas bearbeta den tröga rörligheten som råder på dagens bostadsmarknad.Abstract
Title: The economic policy limits the willingness to move
Seminar date: 2019-05-27
Course: FF321F
Author: Daniel Bokhari Friberg, Eric Lagerlöf and Jakob Gustafsson
Advisor: Martin Grander
Key words: Transaction cost, economic policy, interest, amortization requirements, suspension, capital gains tax, relocation chains, lock-in effect,
Purpose: The purpose of the thesis is to investigate which factors affect older people's
inclination to move and what effect the current economic policy has on the Swedish
housingmarket. As well as, why mobility and the migration chain among the elderly occurs
presently as a result of these factors.
Methodology: To achieve the purpose of the thesis, a qualitative study has been conducted in the form of 15 semi-structured interviews.
Theoretical perspectives: The theoretical frame of reference is divided into two sections,
previous research and theory. The first section deals primarily with elderly people's mobility in the housing market. The second section contains the following headings: Market theory,
Price theory housing, Transaction costs and Moving chains.
Empirical foundation: The study's empirical foundation data consists of two sections, a
document study and a part where the results of the interviews are presented. The first part
consists of the following headings: Capital gains tax, Property tax and Property fees, Deferral, Interest and Amortization and repayment requirements. The interview result is divided into two main headings: Economic factors and personal factors.
Analysis: The study's interview results are analyzed using the theoretical frame of reference and previous research.
Conclusions: In conclusion, the study testifies that today's economic policy has a great impact on the Elderly migratory propensity. Sweden's highest profit taxation for permanent residents points to a
lock-in effect which consequently leads to the housing stock not being used optimally. The economic
factors in combination with the personal factors is crucial for whether Sweden will succeed in processing
it stagnant mobility that prevails in today's housing marke
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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