1,941 research outputs found
Identification and characterization of a proteolysis resistant fragment containing the PCI domain in the Arabidopsis thaliana INT6/eIF3e translation factor
No full textThe Reproducibility of Lists of Differentially Expressed Genes in Microarray Studies
No full textReproducibility is a fundamental requirement in scientific experiments and clinical contexts. Recent publications raise concerns about the reliability of microarray technology because of the apparent lack of agreement between lists of differentially expressed genes (DEGs). In this study we demonstrate that (1) such discordance may stem from ranking and selecting DEGs solely by statistical significance (P) derived from widely used simple t-tests; (2) when fold change (FC) is used as the ranking criterion, the lists become much more reproducible, especially when fewer genes are selected; and (3) the instability of short DEG lists based on P cutoffs is an expected mathematical consequence of the high variability of the t-values. We recommend the use of FC ranking plus a non-stringent P cutoff as a baseline practice in order to generate more reproducible DEG lists. The FC criterion enhances reproducibility while the P criterion balances sensitivity and specificity
Le Corbeau et le Renard: 99 versions réinventées: Style d'exercices
No full textThis book represents a fascinating effort. At first I thought it was going to be a collection of various parodies of La Fontaine's FC. It is not that, but rather a creative presentation of some 97 different versions of La Fontaine created by the author. The first two versions are a French translation of the Greek prose of the most original FC text in the Aesopic manuscripts and then La Fontaine's verse. Thereafter the fun begins! The imagination and the execution of this project are both remarkable. Let me offer a sample of five approaches: (1) an acrostic, so that the opening letters of each verse spell "M Jean La Fontaine"; (2) a prose version after the manner of Balzac; (3) a scientific version needing more than a full page; (4) a tourist guide version; and (5) a rhyming version in English. T of C at the end. 136 pages. 5¼" x 8". Printed upon demand.Language note: FrenchNicolas Mille
FC Omniworld
No full textHet maken van een stedenbouwkundig plan voor de locatie Almere Poort in Almere. Hierbij is het programma van de Gemeente, zoals gespecificeerd voor de locatie, overgenomen. De kern van het nieuwe plan is een centrale (groene) as waaraan alle centrumfuncties voor deze wijk worden gerealiseerd. Deze nieuwe as zorgt, door de combinatie van functies met verschillende gebruikstijden, voor een continue drukte op deze centrale as. Aan een van de eindes van de as ligt een verhoogd maaiveld. Dit maaiveld gaat over het spoortalud zodat men het spoor over kan steken zonder tunnel of spoorwegovergang. In dit talud worden diverse functies gehuisvest welke normaal dichte dozen zijn (zoals parkeren, expo ruimten en sportzalen). Deze functies met voornaleijk dichte gevels worden omkleed met kleinschalige functies om continue activiteit bij het verhoogde maaiveld te genereren en om interessante gevelbeelden te hebben (i.p.v. dichte wanden van grootschalige functies). In het verhoogde maaiveld ligt verdiept het nieuwe stadion voor FC Omniworld. Dit stadion wordt zo opgenomen in een natuurlijke en groene omgeving. De dakconstructie bestaat uit houten spanten en een semi-transparant doek om zo goed mogelijk aan te sluiten op het park bovenop het nieuwe maaiveld. Bezoekers komen ook via het park binnen. Op dit niveau kan men rondlopen om versnaperingen te kopen en vervolgens af te dalen naar de tribunes. Het stadion is in de toekomst uit te breiden door nieuwe tribunes te positioneren boven de promenade van het stadion en onder het dak. Hiervoor zijn geen aanpassingen vereist. Tevens is het stadion multifuntioneel te gebruiken door verplaatsbare tribunedelen.Architectur
THE ISOMERS OF IONIZED DIMETHYL-SULFOXIDE (C2H6OS+.) AND THEIR CH3OS+ FRAGMENTS - AN AB-INITIO AND MULTIPLE-STAGE MASS-SPECTROMETRIC (MS(N)) STUDY
No full textThe relative stabilities, isomerizations and dissociations of ionized dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), its three C2H6OS+. isomers and of all their 14 conceivable CH3OS+ fragments (1-14), have been investigated by ab initio calculations at the MP2/6-31G(d,p)//6-31G(d,p) + ZPE and G2 levels of theory, and by multiple-stage two- and three-dimensional mass spectrometry performed in a pentaquadrupole instrument. The ab initio relative energies of the isomers, their connecting transition states, and their dissociation thresholds were used to elaborate potential energy surface diagrams that precisely corroborate and unify several previously divergent experimental observations on these systems. The most kinetically favorable isomerization of (CH3)(2)-S=O-+. (I) to its aci-form CH2=S(OH)-CH3+. (II) displays a transition state considerably lower in energy than the threshold for its direct dissociation by CH3. loss. Therefore, low-energy, long-lived metastable ions I are predicted to isomerize to II, and to dissociate in turn to CH2=S+-OH (2) upon CH3. loss. Ions I excited a few electronvolts above the threshold are, on the other hand, predicted to dissociate directly to CH3-S+-O (1). Isomerization of I to the most stable C2H6OS+. isomers, that is 1, 2, (H-CS ... OH2)(+) (3), (CH2)-C-+-S(=O)H (4), 5, HC(=SH)OH+ (9), CH2-O-SH+ (10), CH2+-O-SH (11), and (H-CO ... SH2)(+) (14), were found as true minima on the RHF/6-31G(d,p) potential-energy surface, and some of their isomerization barriers and dissociation thresholds were estimated. Tandem and multiple-stage (MS(3)) mass spectrometric experiments show that non-dissociating DMSO(+.) ions produce, upon collision-induced dissociation (CID), a mixture of approximately 40% of 1 and 60% of 2, whereas the CID chemistry of 1 and 2 is affected considerably by the collision energies employed. Both the experimental and theoretical results on 1 and 2 allow a detailed interpretation of their complex dissociation chemistry, which clarifies the nature of most of their indirect fragments. Such fragments are proposed to be formed via the common isomerization/dissociation sequences 1 --> 2 --> 9 reversible arrow 3 --> HCS+ (m/z 45) + H2O, and 1 --> 2 --> [7, HO-CH2-S+] --> S+CH2OH+ (m/z 31). These processes are favored at lower collision energies, whereas direct dissociation of 1 to CH3+ (m/z 15) and SO+. (m/z 48), and of 2 to CH2S+. (m/z 46) occurs to greater extents at higher collision energies.30111553156
2-pyridyl and 2-pyrimidyl cations: Stable o-hetarynium ions in the gas phase
No full textAs indicated by high-level CBS-Q ab initio calculations, extensive overlap occurs in the 2-pyridyl and 2-pyrimidyl cations between the fully occupied sp(2) orbital of nitrogen and the adjacent, coplanar, and empty spl orbital of the C2-carbon. Such effective orbital overlap results in o-aryne-like structures with substantially shorter N-C+ bond lengths and N-C+ bond orders of 1.9-2.1. Therefore. the 2-pyridyl and 2-pyrimidyl cations are best represented, and can be regarded as, o-hetarynium ions, being more stable than their positional, nonconjugated isomers by as much as 18-28 kcal/mol. The 4-pyrimidyl cation also displays characteristic o-hetarynium ion structure with substantial orbital overlap. However, the ion easily isomerizes by charge-induced ring opening, as indicated by both the calculations and the ion's lack of o-hetarynium-like reactivity. A high energy barrier of 62.8 kcal/mol hampers isomerization by H-ring walking of the 3-pyridyl cation to the far more stable 2-pyridyl cation. For the related 2-furanyl, 2-thiophenyl, and 2-pyrrolyl cations, little or none of the extra orbital overlap occurs; hence, they display energies close, and structures similar, to those of their 3-isomers. Collision-induced dissociation of collisionally quenched precursor ions performed via triple-stage QqQqQ mass spectrometric (MSS) experiments confirms the greater stability of the 2-pyridyl and 2-pyrimidyl cations.6472188219
Plant expression of cocaine hydrolase-Fc fusion protein for treatment of cocaine abuse
No full textBACKGROUND: A recently reported cocaine hydrolase (CocH3) fused with fragment crystallizable (Fc) region of human immunoglobulin G1, denoted as CocH3-Fc, is known as a promising therapeutic candidate for the treatment of cocaine overdose and addiction. A challenge for practical therapeutic use of this enzyme exists in the large-scale protein production and, therefore, it is interesting to identify a low-cost and feasible, sustainable source of CocH3-Fc production.
RESULTS: CocH3-Fc was transiently expressed in plant Nicotiana benthamiana leaves. The plant-expressed protein, denoted as pCocH3-Fc, was as active as that expressed in mammalian cells both in vitro and in vivo. However, compared to the mammalian-cell expressed CocH3-Fc protein, pCocH3-Fc had a shorter biological half-life, probably due to the lack of protein sialylation in plant. Nevertheless, the in vivo half-life was significantly extended upon the PEGylation of pCocH3-Fc. The Fc fusion did not prolong the biological half-life of the plant-expressed enzyme pCocH3-Fc, but increased the yield of the enzyme expression in the plant under the same experimental conditions.
CONCLUSIONS: It is feasible to express pCocH3-Fc in plants. Further studies on the pCocH3-Fc production in plants should focus on the development of vectors with additional genes/promoters for the complete protein sialylation and for a better yield
Stable Foliage Cluster (FC), a Basic Unit of the Crown Structure of Tree Species and Its Application to Modeling of Tree and Forest Structure: Configuration of the FC Model
No full textThe "foliage cluster (FC) model" shows that the size (the amount of leaves, number of yearly shoots and total twig length), turnover time, and branching (i.e., forking) structure of a twig becomes stable in the top of the crown in an oak species by forming a "stable FC" [1]. A stable FC can be treated as a basic component of the crown structure and as an alternative to individual leaf or current-year shoot. The FC model is composed of several equations approximating the branching structure of twigs. Differences in size and branching morphology among twigs are represented by differences in values of the parameters of the equations. We described details of our analyses of data taken from real twigs and applied to the equations implemented in the FC model
Financial analysis of FC SLOVAN Liberec
No full textThesis "Financial analysis of FC Slovan Liberec" focuses especially on reviewing financial position and efficiency of this football club in four year period. The first theoretical part is complemented with practical calculations in the second part. In the second part author focuses on horizontal analysis, vertical analysis and other models of financial analysis
Contributing human and organizational factors to the collapse of the FC Twente stadium roof
No full textIn 2011 the city of Enschede was shocked by the collapse of the roof of an extension for the FC Twente stadium. The structure collapsed during construction and two fatalities and nine injuries were recorded. The cantilevering steel roof structure was covered with corrugated steel sheets and stabilized by bracings. Investigation showed that the structure was already loaded with the finishing structure before it was completed and stabilized. Contributing influencing human and organizational factors to the incident were the tight schedule resulting in a flawed construction sequence. Furthermore, there was too little attention to the way of execution during design, unjustified trust between parties resulting in inadequate coordination, checking and allocation of responsibilities.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Applied Mechanic
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