106,404 research outputs found
Do Market Oriented Firms Demonstrate Clarity on Their Value Discipline? Evidence from Illinois Beef Producers
No full textA market orientation has been shown to lead to improved firm performance in a variety of industries (Narver and Slater, 1990; Deshpande et al., 1993). In previous research, it has been argued that performance benefits are a result of a greater awareness of the sources of value the product provides to the consumer, without specifically describing how value was created. Treacy and Wiersema (1993) developed the concept of value disciplines, which are three distinctive means of value provision, namely operational excellence, customer intimacy and product leadership. More recently, Narver et al. (1998) argued that market oriented firms have a clear understanding of how they provide value to customers, but this assertion has yet to be empirically tested. A new scale was developed and tested to measure the choice and clarity of value discipline. Using a sample of 343 Illinois beef producers, results show that organizational learning, innovativeness, and extreme levels of market orientation contribute to value discipline clarity while moderate levels of market orientation have the opposite effect.innovation, market orientation, organizational learning, value disciplines, Marketing, Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies, Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession, Q10, Q13, Q16,
The effect of temperature on the fatty acids and isozymes of a psychrotrophic and two mesophilic species of Xenorhabdus, a bacterial symbiont of entomopathogenic nematodes
No full textIn the first part of this study, generation times relative to temperature, together with cardinal and conceptual temperatures, were determined for four strains of Xenorhabdus bacteria that represented three geographically distinct species. The data showed that the NF strain of Xenorhabdus bovienii, like the Umea strain of the same species, is psychrotrophic, while Xenorhabdus sp. TX strain resembles Xenorhabdus nematophila All strain in being mesophilic. In the second part, the capacity of these bacteria to adapt to changes in temperature, shown by changes in fatty acid composition, was investigated. As temperature declined, the proportions of the two major unsaturated fatty acids, palmitoleic (16:1omega7) acid and oleic (18:1 pi9) acid, increased significantly in all of the strains. The proportion of the prevalent saturated fatty acid, which was palmitic acid (16:0), decreased. In the All, NF, and Umea strains, myristic acid (14:0), margaric acid (17:0), cyclopropane (17:0c), and arachidic acid (20:0) decreased with decreasing temperature. In the third part of the study, the synthesis of isozymes in response to changing temperature was investigated. For the seven enzymes studied, the numbers for which isozyme synthesis was temperature related were as follows: five for Umea, four for All, three for NF, and two for TX. Where the study dealt with fatty acid composition and isozyme synthesis, the results show a broad capacity for physiological temperature adaptation among strains of different climatic origin.PT: J; CR: AKHURST RJ, 1980, J GEN MICROBIOL, V121, P303 AKHURST RJ, 1982, J GEN MICROBIOL, V128, P3061 AKHURST RJ, 1990, ENTOMOPATHOGENIC NEM, P75 BLIGH EG, 1959, CAN J BIOCH PHYSL, V37, P911 BOEMARE N, 1997, SYMBIOSIS, V22, P21 BOEMARE NE, 1988, J GEN MICROBIOL 3, V134, P751 DUNPHY GB, 1990, ENTOMOPATHOGENIC NEM, P301 FISCHERLESAUX M, 1999, FEMS MICROBIOL ECOL, V29, P149 FISCHERLESAUX M, 1999, INT J SYST BACTERI 4, V49, P1645 FODOR E, 1997, APPL ENVIRON MICROB, V63, P2826 FORST S, 1996, MICROBIOL REV, V60, P21 GERHARDT P, 1994, METHODS GEN MOL BACT GOW JA, 1984, APPL ENVIRON MICROB, V47, P213 GREWAL PS, 1994, J THERM BIOL, V19, P245 GWYNN RL, 1994, IOBC WPRS WORKING GR, V17, P120 HATAB MAA, 1997, J APPL MICROBIOL, V82, P351 HE HJ, 2000, CAN J MICROBIOL, V46, P618 HEBERT PDN, 1989, METHODOLOGIES ALLOZY JAGDALE GB, 1996, J NEMATOL, V28, P301 JAGDALE GB, 1997, CAN J ZOOL, V75, P2137 JAGDALE GB, 1997, COMP BIOCHEM PHYS A, V118, P1151 JAGDALE GB, 1997, J THERM BIOL, V22, P245 JAGDALE GB, 1998, FUND APPL NEMATOL, V21, P177 JAGDALE GB, 1998, FUNDAM APPL NEMATOL, V20, P147 KAYA HK, 1990, ENTOMOPATHOGENIC NEM, P93 LAWRENCE JV, 1977, APPL ENVIRON MICROB, V33, P482 LEHNINGER AI, 1979, BIOCHEMISTRY LIN JJ, 1995, PHYSIOL ZOOL, V68, P114 MARCUS NH, 1977, COMP BIOCH PHYSL, V58, P109 NEALSON KH, 1990, ENTOMOPATHOGENIC NEM, P271 RATKOWSKY DA, 1982, J BACTERIOL, V149, P1 SMART GC, 1995, J NEMATOL S, V27, P529 SOKAL RR, 1995, BIOMETRY PRINCIPLES, P242 SUMNER JL, 1969, J GEN MICROBIOL, V59, P215 SUUTARI M, 1994, CRIT REV MICROBIOL, V20, P285 YAMAWAKI H, 1979, COMP BIOCH PHYSL B, V62, P89; NR: 36; TC: 0; J9: CAN J MICROBIOL; PG: 10; GA: 430QZSource type: Electronic(1
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Efficacy of vazirani akinosi and gow gates technique in inferior alveolar nerve block: A comparative study
No full textAim: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the onset of anesthesia, anesthetic success and incidence of positive aspiration during administration of local anesthetic solution using the Vazirani Akinosi and Gow Gates techniques. Methodology: The study involves 100 subjects, divided into two different groups of 50 subjects each receiving Gow Gates, Vazirani Akinosi nerve blocks. The onset of anesthesia, positive aspiration and anesthetic success was evaluated. Results: In Vazirani Akinosi technique group, patients showed highest anesthetic success of 95.71%; there was a significant difference seen between the Gow Gates and Vazirani Akinosi techniques (p = 0.0241). The mean value of the onset of anesthesia in Gow Gates technique showed the longest 343.71 ± 153.20 s and in Vazirani Akinosi technique it was 192.86 ± 61.20 s. Conclusion: The Vazirani Akinosi technique was found to be significantly better than GG techniques with respect to both onset and success of anesthesia
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
No full textWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
The construction of Karen Karnak: The multi-author-function
No full textThis thesis is situated within the comparatively recent developments of Web 2.0 and the emergence of interactive WikiMedia, and explores the mode of authorship within a Read/Write culture compared to that of a Read/Only tradition. The hypothesis of this study is that the role of the audience has become merged with the author, and as such, represents new functions and attributes, distinct from a more conventional concept of authorship, in which the roles of audience and author are more separate. Read/Write and participatory culture, as defined by this study, is focused on collaboration, and includes the influences of D.I.Y. culture, Open-Source practices and the production of text by multiple authors. Multi-authorship presents a re-thinking of several concepts which support the notion of the individual author, since the focus of multi-authorship is not on attribution and ownership of a finished text, but on the continued malleability of a text. Modes of multi-authorship, demonstrated in the use of the pseudonyms Alan Smithee and Karen Eliot, represent declarative authors whose names signify multiple origins, whilst concurrently indicating a distinct body of work. The function of these names form an important context to this study, since primary research involves the construction of an experimental mode of multi-authorship utilising WikiMedia technology and the interaction of thirty nine participants, who are invited to create a body of work under the collective pseudonym Karen Karnak. The data generated by this experiment is analysed using aspects of Michel Foucault's author-function to identify and determine power structures inherent in the WikiMedia context. The interplay of power structures, including concepts such as identity, ownership and the body of work, affect the resulting mode of authorship and contribute to the construction of Karen Karnak, suggesting further areas of research into the emerging multi-author
Contribution of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in Country’S H-Index
No full textThe aim of this study is to examine the effect of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) development on country’s scientific ranking as measured by H-index. Moreover, this study applies ICT development sub-indices including ICT Use, ICT Access and ICT skill to find the distinct effect of these sub-indices on country’s H-index. To this purpose, required data for the panel of 14 Middle East countries over the period 1995 to 2009 is collected. Findings of the current study show that ICT development increases the H-index of the sample countries. The results also indicate that ICT Use and ICT Skill sub-indices positively contribute to higher H-index but the effect of ICT access on country’s H-index is not clear
Political Patterns in the Management of Uncertainties
No full textHuber M. Political Patterns in the Management of Uncertainties. In: Gow HBF, Otway HJ, eds. Communicating with the Public about Major Accident Hazards. London, New York.: Elsevier Applied Science; 1990: 623
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