167 research outputs found
Kohti yksittäisten vapaiden mikroaaltofotonien kalorimetristä mittausta
No full textThis dissertation focuses on the development of a new type of thermal microwave photodetector based on superconductor–normal-metal–superconductor (SNS) junctions.
We motivate the development of the detector mainly by microwave quantum optics applications in the context of superconducting qubits coupled to microwave transmission lines and resonators, i.e., in the context of circuit quantum electrodynamics (cQED). In cQED, single-photon microwave pulses naturally arise as a results of a qubit exchanging its excitation with a transmission line. While immense progress has been achieved in cQED in general, and in linear microwave amplification in particular, the challenge of developing an efficient and practical detector for single itinerant photons remains open, mostly due to the exceedingly small energy of individual microwave photons. This prevents microwave implementations of a certain class of quantum optical protocols, including the parity measurement protocol proposed in this dissertation.
The core of this dissertation is dedicated to introducing our detector design, discussing the thermal properties of the detector in detail, and demonstrating the operation of the detector in a time-gated threshold detection mode. In particular, we demonstrate threshold detection of coherent 8.4 GHz microwave pulses containing roughly 200 photons, or 1.1 zJ of energy. Compared to other thermal detectors, this is an order of magnitude improvement in the energy of the detected pulses.
In addition, we characterize the linear response of the SNS junctions as separate components. That is, we embed the junctions in a microwave circuit that is specifically designed to allow determining the electrical admittance of the SNS junctions from the response of the circuit as a whole.Tämä väitöskirja keskittyy uudentyyppisen mikroaaltofotoni-ilmaisimen kehitykseen. Ilmaisin perustuu suprajohde–normaalimetalli–suprajohde-liitoksiin (SNS).
Ilmaisin on suunnattu lähinnä mikroaaltotaajuuksilla tapahtuviin kvanttioptiikan sovellutuksiin, joissa suprajohtavat kvanttibitit (eli kubitit) kytketään mikroaaltosiirtolinjoihin. Tällaisissa niin sanotuissa piirikvanttisähködynamiikan kokeissa yhden fotonin mikroaaltopulsseja syntyy luonnollisesti virittyneen kubitin luovuttaessa energiansa mikroaaltosiirtolinjaan. Yhden fotonin liikkuvia mikroaaltopulsseja ei kuitenkaan kyetä havaitsemaan tehokkaasti nykyään käytössä olevalla tekniikalla, lähinnä yksittäisten mikroaaltofotonien häviävän pienen energian vuoksi. Tämä siitäkin huolimatta, että lineaariset vahvistimet, joita useimmiten käytetään mikroaaltomittauksissa, ovat kehittyneet viime vuosina vahvasti. Ilman yksifotoni-ilmaisia eräitä kvanttioptiikan menetelmiä ei voida kuitenkaan hyödyntää, mukaan lukien pariteettimittausmenetelmä, jota ehdotetaan tässä väitöskirjassa.
Väitöskirjan keskeisimmässä osassa esitetään ilmaisimen toimintaperiaate ja tärkeimmät termodynaamiset ominaisuudet sekä tutkitaan kuinka heikkoja mikroaaltopulsseja ilmaisin kykenee havaitsemaan. Jos pulssin saapumisaika tiedetään, ilmaisimen laukeamiseen riittää noin 200 fotonin koherentti 8.4 GHz:n pulssi, eli 1.1 zJ:a energiaa. Tämä on kertaluokkaa pienempi energia kuin mitä aiemmin on kyetty havaitsemaan lämpötilamuutoksen mittaamiseen perustuvilla tekniikoilla.
Lisäksi väitöskirjassa tutkitaan SNS-liitosten sähköistä lineaarivastetta erillään ilmaisimesta. Määrittämme liitosten admittanssin mittaamalla SNS-liitokset osana piiriä, joka on tätä tarkoitusta varten suunniteltu ja jonka ominaisuudet tunnemme ennalta tarkasti
Integral Perspective on Happiness
Get PDFJoonas Uotinen, University of Turku
The author is a PhD student in Economics in the University of Turku. He has a BSc in theoretical physics with a dissertation on ‘The End of the Universe'’, and is a Master in Specialized Economic Analysis from Barcelona Graduate School of Economics with a specialization in economic development. His recent interests are the aim of it all, namely, well-being and happiness, both societally and individually, and the validity of economic theory. The author has given talks and presentations on related issues. Initial postgraduate publications are forthcoming.A happiness science has emerged amidst, and spans, the social sciences. This research, despite the long philosophical tradition on happiness, is in its infancy and a robust theory of happiness is called for. I will review parts of the literature and some of the main happiness theories using Ken Wilber’s Integral approach. I will concentrate largely on Aristotle’s eudaimonia, as that has re-emerged into the centre of happiness discussions as a possible contender for the prevailing subjective happiness theories. The Integral approach seems to provide valuable insights into many happiness theories, juxtapose them in a comprehensible way, pinpoint deficiencies, and propose enhancements. Amongst other things, I will propose a new happiness theory combining John Kekes’ happiness theory with ecological ethics and I will conclude that enlightenment proves to be a good candidate for the ultimate good, or summum bonum, I will enlarge on Aristotle’s theory and propose that Wilber’s theory provides an ‘Integral road map towards eudaimonia enhanced – the enlightenment’. I will argue that eudaimonia and enlightenment, though superficially dissimilar, accord in surprising ways, to a great extent. I will discuss whether the discussion of happiness and morality is critically biased, and I will discuss the societal implications that Wilber’s conception of the human might have through its implications for happiness theories
Self-resetting single flux-quantum microwave photodetector
No full textThe disclosure relates to a quantum detector configured to receive a microwave signal from a microwave source (47, 57). The quantum detector comprises a main element (34, 44, 54) formed by a main Josephson junction and a Josephson transmission line which is coupled to the main element for outputting a measurement signal. The Josephson transmission line comprises at least a first set (31, 41, 51) of JTL elements and a second set (32, 42, 52) of JTL elements. The Josephson junction in each JTL element in the first (31, 41, 51) set is weakly damped, and the JTL elements in the second set (32, 42, 52) are more strongly damped than the JTL elements in the first set (31, 41,51).Patent family as of 29.12.2021FI129128 B 20210730 FI20200005115 20200204 FI20205115 A 20210730 FI20200005115 20200204 WO21156538 A1 20210812 WO2021FI50046 20210125Link to current patent family on right </p
3D-mallintamisen ja määrälaskennan hyödyntäminen moduulirakentamisen sähkösuunnittelussa
Get PDFOulun ammattikorkeakoulu
Sähkö- ja automaatiotekniikan tutkinto-ohjelma, sähkövoimatekniikka
Tekijä: Joonas Kiuru
Opinnäytetyön nimi: 3D-mallintamisen ja määrälaskennan hyödyntäminen moduulira-kentamisen sähkösuunnittelussa
Työn ohjaaja: Heikki Kurki
Työn valmistumislukukausi ja -vuosi: 5/2018
Sivumäärä: 36
Moduulirakentaminen on kasvattanut suosiotaan yhtenä rakentamistapana Suomessa. Tämä rakentamistapa muuttaa rakennustuotantotekniikkaa niin oleellisesti, että se täytyy ottaa huomioon myös taloteknisten järjestelmien suunnittelussa mahdollisimman tarkasti.
Tässä opinnäytetyössä selvitettiin määrälaskennan ja 3D-mallintamisen konkreettisia hyötyjä moduulirakentamisen sähkösuunnittelussa. 3D-mallintaminen ja määrälaskenta lisäävät suunnittelutyössä kustannuksia sekä merkittävästi työn määrää, joten eri tahojen on tarpeellista ymmärtää näiden asioiden konkreettinen merkitys kokonaisuuden kannalta.
Opinnäytetyön tulokset perustuvat ennen suunnittelutyötä sekä suunnittelutyön aikana ja jälkeen tehtyihin havaintoihin, keskusteluihin ja konkreettisiin kokemuksiin. Työssä käytettiin työvälineinä CADS Electric Pro 17 -suunnitteluohjelmistoa, Tekla BIMsight -3D-mallien katseluohjelmisto, sekä Microsoft Office 2016 -paketin ohjelmisto-ja.
Havaintojen perusteella todettiin, että 3D-mallintaminen vaikuttaa positiivisesti suunniteltujen asioiden sekä suunnitelmien ymmärrettävyyteen sekä tulkintavirheiden mahdollisuus suunnitelmia tarkasteltaessa pienenee. Määrälaskennan toteutuksesta saatujen havaintojen perusteella todettiin, että määrälaskenta helpottaa sekä nopeuttaa tarvikkeiden hankkimista ja pienentää suunnittelun jälkeistä työmäärää.
Asiasanat: 3D-mallinnus, IFC, määrälaskenta, tuotemalliOulu University of Applied Sciences
Electrical and Automation Technology Degree program, electric power engineering
Author: Joonas Kiuru
Title of thesis: Utilizing 3D Modeling and Quantity Calculation in Electrical Planning of Modular Building
Supervisor: Heikki Kurki
Term and year when the thesis was submitted: May 2018
Pages: 36
Modular construction has more common as one of the building methods in Finland. Modular construction transforms the methods of building so substantially that it must be taken into account in the planning process as accurately as possible.
This thesis studies the concrete benefits of 3D modeling in quantity calculation of in-stallation materials and in the electrical planning of modular building. 3D modeling and quantity calculation will increase slightly the cost of the planning work and significant-ly the amount of planning work. It is necessary for the different parties to understand the concrete significance of these things when thinking about the whole process.
The results of this study are based on the discussions and the concrete experiences of the different planning parties and the findings before, after and at the end of the plan-ning work. Tools used were Cads Electric Pro 17 planning software, Tekla BIMsight -3D model viewing software, and Microsoft Office 2016 software packages.
Based on the findings of this thesis work, 3D modeling has a positive impact on the comprehensiveness of the planned issues and plans. It also decreases the possibility of interpretation errors when considering the plans. It was also found that quantity cal-culation facilitates and accelerates the acquisition of supplies and reduces the work-load after the planning.
Keywords: Three-dimensional imaging, Quantity calculation, IFC, product model
Luentoja suomalaisesta mytologiasta
Get PDF"Matthias Alexander Castrén’s (1813–1852) Luentoja suomalaisesta mytologiasta (’Lectures on Finnish Mythology’, originally Swedish ’Föreläsningar i finsk mytologi’) is a key work in the research history of Finnish mythology. This is the first Finnish translation of it. Despite ’Lectures’ in the label, the work is a coherent book. It makes a systematic approach to ancient Finnish religion on the basis of earlier mythographers, Castrén’s fieldwork among Finnic peoples and the latest European research trends of the first half of the 19th century. Even though Castrén’s Lectures significantly developed Finnish mythography and it served as a standard work for half a century, its significance was largely forgotten when new research paradigms were introduced in the course of the 20th century. The work is an important part of the history of Finnish research in religions, linguistics and ethnography and it also reflects the state of the study of mythology in Europe in the middle of the 19th century. The book is lively written and therefore, it meets the taste of the general public in addition to researchers. This edition includes a concise introduction to Lectures’ historical context, a scientific commentary and exhaustive indexes.
M. A. Castrén is renown especially as a linguist and explorer who worked among Siberian peoples but his work was marked also by interest in Finnishness at a time when the idea of a Finnish nation was developing. Lectures was Castrén’s last work. He finished the book in his deathbed, and it was published posthumously in 1853.
The translator and editor of the Lectures, Joonas Ahola, PhD, is an expert in Old Norse language and mythology as well as kalevala-meter poetry. The other author of the introduction, Karina Lukin, PhD, is an expert of North Siberian cultures and 19th century expeditions among them.
Luentoja suomalaisesta mytologiasta
No full text"Matthias Alexander Castrén’s (1813–1852) Luentoja suomalaisesta mytologiasta (’Lectures on Finnish Mythology’, originally Swedish ’Föreläsningar i finsk mytologi’) is a key work in the research history of Finnish mythology. This is the first Finnish translation of it. Despite ’Lectures’ in the label, the work is a coherent book. It makes a systematic approach to ancient Finnish religion on the basis of earlier mythographers, Castrén’s fieldwork among Finnic peoples and the latest European research trends of the first half of the 19th century. Even though Castrén’s Lectures significantly developed Finnish mythography and it served as a standard work for half a century, its significance was largely forgotten when new research paradigms were introduced in the course of the 20th century. The work is an important part of the history of Finnish research in religions, linguistics and ethnography and it also reflects the state of the study of mythology in Europe in the middle of the 19th century. The book is lively written and therefore, it meets the taste of the general public in addition to researchers. This edition includes a concise introduction to Lectures’ historical context, a scientific commentary and exhaustive indexes.
M. A. Castrén is renown especially as a linguist and explorer who worked among Siberian peoples but his work was marked also by interest in Finnishness at a time when the idea of a Finnish nation was developing. Lectures was Castrén’s last work. He finished the book in his deathbed, and it was published posthumously in 1853.
The translator and editor of the Lectures, Joonas Ahola, PhD, is an expert in Old Norse language and mythology as well as kalevala-meter poetry. The other author of the introduction, Karina Lukin, PhD, is an expert of North Siberian cultures and 19th century expeditions among them.
Parity measurement of remote qubits using dispersive coupling and photodetection
No full textParity measurement is a key step in many entanglement generation and quantum error correction schemes. We propose a protocol for nondestructive parity measurement of two remote qubits, i.e., macroscopically separated qubits with no direct interaction. The qubits are instead dispersively coupled to separate resonators that radiate to shared photodetectors. The scheme is deterministic in the sense that there is no fundamental upper bound on the success probability. In contrast to previous proposals, our protocol addresses the scenario where number-resolving photodetectors are available but the qubit-resonator coupling is time independent and only dispersive.Peer reviewe
Correlation measurement of propagating microwave photons at millikelvin
No full textMicrowave photons are essential carriers of quantum information in several promising platforms for quantum computing. However, measurement of the quantum statistical properties of microwave photons is demanding owing to their low energy relative to thermal fluctuations of any room-temperature detector, and phase-insensitive voltage amplification necessarily adds noise. Here, we overcome this trade-off with a nanobolometer that directly measures the photon statistics at millikelvin. Using a cryogenic temperature-controlled blackbody radiator, we demonstrate the detection of the mean photon number ⟨n̂⟩ and reveal the expected photon number variance (Δn)2=⟨n̂⟩⟨n̂⟩+1, following the Bose–Einstein distribution. By engineering the coherent and incoherent proportions of the input field, we observe a transition between super-Poissonian and Poissonian statistics from the bolometric second-order correlation measurements. This technique is poised to serve in fundamental tests of quantum mechanics and function as a scalable readout solution for a quantum information processor.</p
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