253 research outputs found
Pattern of Household Drug Storage
Get PDFHousehold storage of pharmaceutical is world-widely practice, including in Indonesia. The purpose of this study was to obtain the pattern of medicine storage, the sources and reasons of medicine kept in households. Acrosssectional survey was conducted on October 2011, involving 250 adult household respondents, randomly selected from three subdistricts in North Jakarta, and have approved the written consents, and interviewed with structured questionnaire. Data were performed in univariate and bivariate analysis with chi square test. The majority of household (82%) stored drugs at home; analgesic-antipyretic nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory was the type of drugs kept by mostly (76.1%) of household. Out of 1001 stored drugs formulation encountered, about 31% were ethical drugs, mostly (64.8%) obtained from authorized pharmacies, purchased without prescription (71.9%), kept for future use (37.6%), and were leftover medicines (31.6%). Among the leftovers, 39.2% were ethical drugs including anti infective agents (31.5%). The leftover ethical medicines and anti infective agents could be indicated as inappropriate storage of pharmaceuticals and may lead to drug related problems.Penyimpanan obat di rumah tangga banyak dilakukan oleh masyarakat, namun tidak banyak informasi bagaimana obat disimpan dan digunakan oleh rumah tangga di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan memperoleh data pola obat di rumah tangga, sumber mendapatkannya, dan alasan obat disimpan. Survei potong-lintang dilakukan pada Oktober 2011, melibatkan secara acak 250 responden rumah tangga dewasa dari tiga kecamatan di Jakarta Utara yang dipilih purposif dan bersedia diwawancarai dengan menandatangani informed consent. Kuesioner terstruktur digunakan untuk memperoleh data obat. Dilakukan analisis data univariat dan bivariat dengan uji kai kuadrat. Mayoritas responden (82%) menyimpan obat, dengan jenis obat terbanyak analgesik-antipiretik dan anti-inflamasi nonsteroid (76,1%). Dari 1001 produk obat yang disimpan, 31% adalah obat etikal. Sebagian besar obat tersebut (64,8%) diperoleh dari apotek, dibeli tanpa resep dokter (71,9%), dan sengaja disimpan untuk persediaan jika sakit (37,6%) serta merupakan obat sisa resep (31,6%). Diantara obat sisa resep, sejumlah 39,2% adalah obat etikal, diantaranya termasuk anti-infeksi (31,5%). Adanya penyimpanan obat sisa resep berupa obat etikal dan anti-infeksi menggambarkan penyimpanan obat yang irasional dan dapat memicu masalah terkait obat termasuk risiko terjadinya medication error
BAHAN AKTIF DALAM KOMBINASI OBAT FLU DAN BATUK-PILEK, DAN PEMILIHAN OBAT FLU YANG RASIONAL
No full textPemanfaatan Pengobat Tradisional oleh Masyarakat
No full textTraditional practitioners Pengobatan Tradisional (Battra) are becoming parts of health care services, and are used to overcome certain health problems in rural areas as well as in urban. However, there is not enough nation wide data of how wide are traditional practices being utilized by the population. Further analysis using the nationwide Riskedas-2007 data is conducted to describe how Battra in Indonesia involved in the population's health care. The analysis is done descriptively, using the cleaned Kesmas (public health) data, ana crosssectional designed with the total sample size of 36.584 respondents. The results showea 1.2% of respondents rely on Battra for inpatient and outpatient services. About 10.1% respondents in West Sulawesi province went to in-patient-serviced (hospitalized) Battra jot their health problems, which is the largest proportion among other Battra utilizations in other provinces. While South Kalimantan is the province with the largest proportion of respondents (4. 7%) went to outpatient services of Battra. Access to the nearest conventional/allopalhic health care services (e.g. public hospital, primary health care, clinics) infuenced the respondent ’s preference for going to Battra The proportion of male respondents who went to Battra is greater than the females, and so the lower educated, and the lower economic status of respondents. More respondents in rural areas went to Battra compared to those in urban
Pattern of Household Drug Storage (KESMAS : Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Nasional Vol. 9 No. 1, Agustus 2014)
No full textHousehold storage of pharmaceutical is world-widely practice, including in Indonesia. The purpose of this study was to obtain the pattern of medicine storage, the sources and reasons of medicine kept in households. Acrosssectional survey was conducted on October 2011, involving 250 adult household respondents, randomly selected from three subdistricts in North Jakarta, and have approved the written consents, and interviewed with structured questionnaire. Data were performed in univariate and bivariate analysis with chi square test. The majority of household (82%) stored drugs at home; analgesic-antipyretic nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory was the type of drugs kept by mostly (76.1%) of household. Out of 1001 stored drugs formulation encountered, about 31% were ethical drugs, mostly (64.8%) obtained from authorized pharmacies, purchased without prescription (71.9%), kept for future use (37.6%), and were leftover medicines (31.6%). Among the leftovers, 39.2% were ethical drugs including anti infective agents (31.5%). The leftover ethical medicines and anti infective agents could be indicated as inappropriate storage of pharmaceuticals and may lead to drug related problems
Analisis Nilai-nilai Agama Islam Dalam Novel Hijab For Sisters Jadi Anak Pesantren Karya Triani Retno A
No full textThis research is motivated by the desire to make people aware of the importance of Islamic religious values ??in humans so they don't fall into negative things. Therefore, research is needed that discusses Islamic religious values. This research is motivated by Islamic religious values ??which are divided into 3 problem formulations, namely: 1) what are the Islamic religious values ??in the novel Hijab For Sisters by Triani Retno in terms of aqidah?, 2) what are the Islamic religious values ??in the novel Hijab For Sisters by Triani Retno in the aspect of shari'ah?, 3) how are the Islamic religious values ??in the novel Hijab For Sisters by Triani Retno in the aspect of morality?. The purpose of this research is to analyze and describe data on Islamic religious values ??in the novel Hijab For Sisters. The theory used in this study is the theory of Islamic Religious Education Based on Character Education by (Wiyani, 2013). The research method uses descriptive method. The approach used is a qualitative approach. The data collection technique used by the author is the hermeneutic technique, namely reading, recording, and concluding. The results of this study contained 3 concepts of Islamic religious values ??in the novel Hijab For Sisters by Triani Retno. Includes: (1) Aqidah, can be seen from the character's belief that Allah SWT knows what is good and bad and believes in the most effective prayer to ask Allah SWT. (2) Shari'ah, can be seen from the traditional belief in the teachings contained in Islam. (3) Morals, can be seen from the behavior of the characters who always respect those who are older than them and give advice to people who make mistakes. Morals are mostly conveyed by the author in the novel because this novel tells about the life of Islamic boarding school children who have a positive influence on the Islamic boarding school environment, not only within the Islamic boarding school environment but also carried into the community environment
Bahan Aktif dalam Kombinasi Obat Flu dan Batuk-pilek, dan Pemilihan Obat Flu yang Rasional
Get PDFFlu, salesma atau batuk pilek adalah infeksi saluran pernapasan akut (ISPA) akibat virus, merupakan self-limiting disease dan hanya memerlukan pengobatan simtomatik. Obat-obat yang digunakan adalah obat bebas, umumnya dalam bentuk kombinasi tetap, dengan komposisi zat aktif bervariasi. Tulisan ini bertujuan mengkaji bahan aktif dalam preparat flu kombinasi tetap dan pemilihan obat flu yang rasional. Kajian dilakukan secara cross-sectional dengan sumber data berasal dari 56 referensi berupa buku, panduan, jurnal/artikel on-line maupun publikasi tercetak, menggunakan kata kunci common cold, cough, over-the-counter drugs, non-prescription, self-medication, analgetics, sympathomimetics, antihistamines, decongestant, antibiotics, immunomodulators, food supplement, flu, dan batuk-pilek.Diperoleh sejumlah 191 preparat kombinasi tetap berbentuk tablet dan sirup yang diindikasikan untuk mengurangi gejala flu (common-cold), dengan komposisi zat aktif utama antihistamin dan dekongestan. Komponen tambahan lainnya adalah analgesik, antitusif, ekspektoran, stimulan. Kekuatan (strength) dosis tiap komponen masih sesuai dengan dosis yang direkomendasi, namun tercatat masih ada preparat dengan dosis dekongestan (fenilpropanolamin) yang lebih tinggi dari yang direkomendasi. Tidak ada preparat tunggal yang mampu mengatasi semua gejala flu sekaligus, sehingga preparat flu kombinasi menjadi pilihan utama. Dalam menggunakan preparat flu kombinasi perlu memilihproduk yang tepat dan rasional sesuai dengan gejala spesifik, karena kemungkinan tidak semua zat aktif dalam komposisi produk obat flu diperlukan oleh penderita.Kata kunci: flu, batuk-pilek, komposisi obat flu, simtomatik.AbstractFlu or common-cold is an acute upper respiratory tract infection mainly caused by virus, and a self-limiting disease which is requires only symptomatic treatments to alleviate the symptoms. Common-cold medication is usually an OTC drug and a fixed-dose combination of various active ingredients. The purpose of this paper is to review the active ingredients in cold medicines and how to select the medicines rationally. This review is conducted cross-sectional with data sources derived from 56 references in the form of books, guidelines, on-line journals/articles or printed publications, using the keywords: common cold, cough, over-the-counter (OTC) drugs, non-prescription, self-medication, analgesics,sympathomimetics, antihistamines, decongestants, antibiotics, immunomodulators, food supplements, flu, and batukpilek.It is obtained about 191 fixed-dose combination of tablet and syrup which is indicated for reducing the symptoms of common-cold. The main active ingredients of the fixed-dose combination are antihistamines and decongestants. An additional component is an analgesic, antitussive, expectorant and stimulant. The doses strength of each component isin accordance with the recommended dose, but noted there is still a dose preparation with decongestants (phenylpropanolamine) higher than recommended. No single cold preparations were able to overcome all the symptoms of flu at once, so the flu combination product becomes the primary of choice. When using a common-cold combinationproduct, it is important to select a product most suited to the individual and specific symptoms, as possibly not all the active ingredients are necessary for the patient.Keywords: flu, common-cold, composition of common-cold product, symptomati
Penggunaan Jamu pada Pasien Hiperlipidemia Berdasarkan Data Rekam Medik, di Beberapa Fasilitas Pelayanan Kesehatan di Indonesia
Get PDFHyperlipidemias are disorders which are manifested by elevation of blood lipid, such as total cholesterol and/or triglyceride above the normal level. Hyperlipidemia management is done by lifestyle modification (high-fiber diet, exercises) as well as using antidyslipidemias. On the other hand, non-conventional or traditional treatment of hyperlipidemias using herbals (jamu) is becoming ubiquitous, performed by jamu practitioner clinician (dokter praktik jamu). This study is a part of a web-site Jamu Registry Study, which is intended to figure herbal (jamu) dispensed by jamu practitioner clinician for hyperlipidemic patients. A descriptive, cross-sectional design is applied, using medical record data of ‘jamu’ patients from some health facilities, in 7 provinces in Indonesia. Results showed, out of 97 hyperlipidemic patients were mostly female (60.8%), aged 48-58 years (46.4%); most of them (62.9%) were treated merely with jamu for 1 – 2 weeks, and the rests were treated with jamu in combination with conventional and/or other alternative medication. The most jamu used were branded herbal capsules (55.7%) containing of Guazumae folium and Murrayae folium. Adverse events were reported in four cases i.e. diarrhea and diuresi
ANALISIS NILAI ETIKA TOKOH-TOKOH DALAM NOVEL PHOSPHORUS, LELAKI YANG MENCARI TEMPAT TERINDAH KARYA RETNO MAWARNI
Get PDFThe fact that in a literary work, including novels contains a lot of values, especially ethical values which are reflected through the attitudes, behavior, and actions of these characters, it is this that attracts the writer's interest in conducting an analysis of literary works in the form of novels, namely the novel Phosphorus, The Man Who Finding the Most Beautiful Place by Retno Mawarni. The problem of this research is how are the ethical values of the characters in the novel Phosphorus, The Man Who Sees the Most Beautiful Place by Retno Mawarni. The purpose of this study is to find out and describe the analysis of the ethical values of the characters in the novel Phosphorus, Men Who Seek the Most Beautiful Places by Retno Mawarni. The benefits of research are for teaching Indonesian language and literature, readers of literary works, and other researchers.The research method uses a descriptive method. The data source used is the novel Phosphorus, The Man Who Finds the Most Beautiful Place by Retno Mawarni, which totals 370 pages, published by Sabil, Yogyakarta in July 2012. Data collection techniques used documentation techniques. The approach uses a moral approach, while data analysis techniques use content analysis techniques.Based on the results of the research and discussion, it is known that the novel Phosphorus, The Man Who Finds the Most Beautiful Place by Retno Mawarni is a novel that tells about a young man's efforts to forget his dark past and the efforts he makes to find his identity. As for Faya Nevu or Nevu as the main character, she has good ethical values, namely being liked (al-aliefah), good-natured (anie satun), kindness (al-khairu), and diligent (al-khusyu') as well as bad ethics , namely egoistic and liar nature. Meanwhile, supporting characters, namely Abah Syarif, have good ethics, namely the nature of being liked (al-aliefah) and the nature of kindness (al-khairu). Nitya has good ethics, namely the nature of kindness or al-khairu. Iqbal has good ethics, namely liking (al-aliefah), sweetness (anie satun), and kindness (al-khairu). Gareng has good ethics, namely the nature of being liked or al-aliefah and bad or reprehensible ethics, namely the nature of persecution and the nature of arrogance or arrogance. Doctors Akmal, Bagas, Rieya, and Anton Perdana both have good ethical values, namely being liked or al-aliefah. Rusdi Iskandar has good ethics, namely the nature of goodness (al-khairu). Finally, Satria as a supporting character has good ethical values, namely being liked (al-aliefah). The suggestions that the author can put forward are: (1) for readers and connoisseurs of literature, (2) for teaching Indonesian Language and Literature, and (3) for other researchers
Analisis Kuantitatif Artemisinin dari Ekstrak Metanol Tanaman Artemisia Annua L. Menggunakan Densitometer
No full textArtemisinin is the best antimalaria for chloroquine resistant P. falciparum recommended by WHO in a combination therapy. Artemisinin is isolated from Artemisia annua L (family: Asteraceae) that can grow as it should be in Indonesia and has cult1'vated by BPTO Tawangmangu in order to self-provide for raw material antimalarial. One of the important analysis is method for measuring artemisinin concentration in extract. The method should be more rapid, accurate, and suitable with the instruments available. Measuring analysis are used to determine cultivated result and to analyze cost benefit raw material malaria medicine. The method will also be validated for accuracy, precision, selectivity, sensitivity and linearity. It is found that maximum wave length of artemisinin is 366 nm with TLC-densitometiy validated method, shown a good linearity, a coeficient of corelation of 0.99976, a detection limit of 0.028 mg/mL, and a quantitative limit of 0.094 mg/mL. Artemisinin concentration obtained from methanol extract is 0. 221% with a recovery concentration of 1 01,08%
Analisis Adulterasi Jamu Pegal Linu yang Diperoleh dari Pasar di Jakarta dan Sekitarnya (Analysis Of Adulterated Jamu Pegal Linu Obtained From The Market In Jakarta)
Get PDFBackground: “Jamu Pegal Linu” (traditional Indonesian herb for rheumatoid and gouty arthritis) is one of the mostpopular jamu products manufactured and widely consumed in the community. Despite the claims that they are made ofnatural herbs, these kinds of jamu are susceptible for being counterfeited and adulterated with drugs that is potentiallyharmful for health. The aim of this study was to identify medicinal adulteration in jamu pegal linu products obtained from the market in Jakarta and surroundings. Method: This study was an experimental laboratory in a cross-sectional design. About 450 samples of jamu pegal linu products were randomly chosen, and the products with different brands wereanalyzed for medicinal adulteration using a thin layer chromatography (TLC) method. Product labels of the adulterated jamu were also analyzed for the appropriateness of the product information. Results: Out of the 114 brands of jamu pegal linu analyzed, 52 samples (45.6%) were positive for medicinal. The medicinal types detected were paracetamol (30.7%), phenylbutazone (20.4%), piroxicam (7.1%) and mefenamic acid (3.5%). Two samples of jamu has been contaminated with molds and found damp. Of the 52 samples positive medicinal, 92.3% include the registration number and only 30.8% include the expiration date in the product labels. About 44.2% include the name of ingredients compositions written incorrectly in the labels. Conclusion: A. limited numbers of Jamu pegal linu products adulterated with medicinal still existed in the market
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