1,720,961 research outputs found
Fighting Patent Wars on Bioresources: The Indian Response
No full text472-478Indian government has piloted three revolutionary
legislations to protect the national
intellectual property rights (IPR), viz. Patents
(Second) Amendment Bill, Biological
Diversity Bill and Plant Variety Protection
and Farmers' Rights (PVPFR) Act. While
necessitated by unfavourable commitments to
the World Trade Organization (WTO),
these legislations attempt to benefit
from the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD). The pioneering provisions in
these legislations include disclosure of source of material and knowledge, and
grounds for opposition or revocation based on availability of indicative traditional
knowledge. The biological diversity legislation would necessitate registration of
public knowledge throughout the country, Prior Informed Consent (PIC) of the owners
of the resources and knowledge as well as the government, for access to resources
contingent to benefit sharing. It also charges government with monitoring and opposing
IPR infringement of Indian resources and knowledge. Efforts of several NGOs and
the government sponsored National Innovations Foundation (NIF) provide the platform
to build the registration and benefit sharing system at the grassroots. Encouraging
such measures internationally through
the World Intellectual Property
Organization (WIPO) is advisable
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Protection of Fruits through Trademarks: Export Growth in India
No full text134-137Trademarks are increasingly used to protect intellectual property rights (IPR) on fruits such as Avacados by Dole
Company of USA globally. For, trademarks have very long life than plant variety protection with just 25-30 years life.
India’s fruits export is rising rapidly with mangoes (Alphanso), Apples (Shimla), Banana (G9 i.e. Grand Naine), amongst
others. India has started exporting special fruit varieties such as “Nendran” from Kerala to Gulf using special packaging
technique. India can benefit by promoting trade mark for uniform colour, size, shape &taste, aroma fruits by agri-enterprises
for rapid growth in the fruits export. Similar effort is needed for other fruit species & varieties e.g. Guava (Alahabadi),
Pineapple, Black Grapes (Medak), Green Gapes (Nasik) Sapota (Gholvad, Palghar), etc. this will help to improve farmers’
income & India’s foreign investments & exchange
Cheetah Reintroduction in India: Review of Eco-restoration Policy Gaps
No full textRecent Introduction of the African Cheetah in India is more emotion than ecology. These are still kept in the enclosure, and served meat than let them hunt. We find following gap in this inter-continental animal transfer- 1) Cheetah mainly dwell or hunt in the plains savanna habitat and not hill forests of the Kuno National Park (KNP), 2) Cheetah mainly hunt on antelopes (weight< 50 kg) that are rare at Kuno and not on Chital (Spotted deer, weight > 60 kg) prevailing at Kuno, 3) Hares, Pigs and small livestock such as sheep, goat make 30% the Cheetah diet in Africa but ignored/ excluded at Kuno, making it unviable. The imported Cheetah yet await release into the wild due to the risk of prey deficit, pathogens and depredation by Tiger, Leopard, Hyena etc. About 8 i.e. 40% of the 20 Cheetah imported have died, similar to the translocations success rate within Africa. We suggest (1) exploring grassland prevalent sanctuaries in Gujarat-Rajasthan states (2) release Chinkara (Indian Gazelle), pigs, barking deer, wild boars and hares as prey in the wildlife reserve, not just Chital, (3) permit low human disturbance and grasslands in KP & surroundings, including livestock, (4) develop Savanna corridors and network management of wildlife reserves adjoining Kuno (Madhav, Gandhisagar, Ranthambor, Kailadevi) or farther (Tal Chhaper WLS, Churu district & Jaroda closed area, Nagaur district) as the later report multiple times antelope density than KNP
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Quercetin- herbal bioactive nanotechnology for osteoarthritis & elderly health
Get PDFQuercetin is rapidly emerging “bioactive” in the western world in the form of food supplement or healthy ingredient to address several lifestyle issues such as cardiovascular, hypertension and diabetes issues, obesity and cancer. It is a flavanoid found common in some healthy fruits and vegetables/ spices such as Red Onion, Coriander, Pomegranate, Asparagus, Green Tea, Coffee etc. It is highly anti-inflammatory and sold as over the counter food supplement in the western world to address cardiovascular, hypertension and diabetes issues. Osteoarthritis, an auto-immune disease prevails among the musco-skeletal diseases that comprise 4th most disabling conditions among elders globally but no proven drug yet (Shen et al, . Quercetin has shown to attenuate it in vivo, in vitro and even limited human trials by scavenging free radicals that and preventing the loss of bone/ cartilage/ muscle. However, quercetin bioabsorption is low so we propose its conjugation with non-polar amino acid viz. Glycine for multiplier effect. Glycine is a key component of Glutathione, the natural antioxidant in the human body. Glycine alone shown to improve collagen synthesis by articular chondrocytes in vitro and its deficiency may cause osteoarthritis, vide literature. So its conjugate with Quercetin boost the Glutathione level & improve body’s own antioxidant system , to reduce the cartilage loss and prevent osteoarthritis
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