18 research outputs found
Participation factor approach for phasor measurement unit placement in power system state estimation
No full textThis study focuses on the selection of the most effective location of phasor measurement units (PMUs) in the network for the purpose of state estimation. The reduction in the error of the estimated states, that is, the quality improvement of the estimate, is the objective used to select the most appropriate allocation of PMUs. The concept of participation of various states into the uncertainty of the error is applied to identify the most important states influencing the estimated errors. Unlike other methods, the proposed technique considers all the elements of the state error covariance matrix and therefore addresses the impact of correlations between the errors. The effectiveness of the method has been demonstrated on the standard IEEE 14-bus and IEEE 57-bus system models. The comparison of performance with other existing measurement placement techniques targeting the same objective reflects the effectiveness of the participation factor-based approach. © 2012 © The Institution of Engineering and Technology.Abur A, 2004, ELECT POWER SYSTEM S; BALDWIN TL, 1993, IEEE T POWER SYST, V8, P707, DOI 10.1109-59.260810; BARAN ME, 1995, IEEE T POWER SYST, V10, P1704, DOI 10.1109-59.466470; Bi TS, 2008, ELECTR POW SYST RES, V78, P1343, DOI 10.1016-j.epsr.2007.12.002; Boyd S., 2004, CONVEX OPTIMIZATION; Caro E, 2010, IEEE T POWER DELIVER, V25, P2095, DOI 10.1109-TPWRD.2010.2041796; Caro E, 2009, IEEE T POWER SYST, V24, P1875, DOI 10.1109-TPWRS.2009.2030385; CELIK MK, 1995, IEEE T POWER SYST, V10, P1698, DOI 10.1109-59.466471; Chakrabarti S, 2010, IET GENER TRANSM DIS, V4, P1104, DOI 10.1049-iet-gtd.2009.0398; Chakrabarti S, 2008, IEEE T POWER SYST, V23, P1433, DOI 10.1109-TPWRS.2008.922621; Chen J, 2005, IEEE POWER ENG SOC, P509; Chen J, 2008, IEEE T POWER SYST, V23, P845, DOI 10.1109-TPWRS.2008.926083; Chen J, 2006, IEEE T POWER SYST, V21, P1608, DOI 10.1109-TPWRS.2006.881149; Hurtgen M., 2008, 16 PSCC GLASG SCOTL; Koglin H.J, 1975, POW SYST COMP C CAMB; Lewis F. L., 1986, OPTIMAL ESTIMATION; London JBA, 2008, IEEE T POWER SYST, V23, P816, DOI 10.1109-TPWRS.2008.920735; Milano F, 2010, POWER SYST, P1, DOI 10.1007-978-3-642-13669-6; Milosevic B, 2003, IEEE T POWER SYST, V18, P69, DOI 10.1109-TPWRS.2002.807064; Nuqui RF, 2005, IEEE T POWER DELIVER, V20, P2381, DOI 10.1109-TPWRD.2005.855457; PARK YM, 1988, IEEE T POWER SYST, V3, P830, DOI 10.1109-59.14529; PEREZARRIAGA IJ, 1982, IEEE T POWER AP SYST, V101, P3117, DOI 10.1109-TPAS.1982.317524; Phadke AG, 2008, POWER ELECTRON POWER, P1, DOI 10.1007-978-0-387-76537-2; Rakpenthai C., 2005, IEEE T POWER DELIVER, V22, P101; SCHWEPPE FC, 1970, IEEE T POWER AP SYST, VPA89, P120, DOI 10.1109-TPAS.1970.292678; Shafiu A, 2005, IEE P-GENER TRANSM D, V152, P240, DOI 10.1049-ip-gtd:20041226; Singh R, 2009, IEEE T POWER SYST, V24, P668, DOI 10.1109-TPWRS.2009.2016457; Singh R, 2009, IET GENER TRANSM DIS, V3, P666, DOI 10.1049-iet-gtd.2008.0485; The MathWorks Inc, 2010, GETT START GUID; Zhu K., 2009, IEEE POW EN SOC GEN34
An abstract workflow-based framework for testing composed web services
No full textTesting web services impose many challenges to existing testing methods, techniques, and tools; especially those available to traditional applications. Composed web services increase these challenges by requiring additional validation and verification efforts. Structural-based testing approaches have been thoroughly researched for traditional applications; however, they have not yet been examined, as a methodology, for testing composed web services. In this work, we introduce a formal model for an abstract-based workflow framework that can be used to capture a composed web service under test. We then define a set of applicable structural-based testing criteria to the framework. Finally we outline a promising line of testing criteria that can be applied to this framework. © 2007 IEEE.Ankolekar A, 2002, LECT NOTES COMPUT SC, V2342, P348; Basten T, 2001, J LOGIC ALGEBR PROGR, V47, P47, DOI 10.1016-S1567-8326(00)00004-7; BECHHOFER S, 2003, OWL WEB ONTOLOGY; BERTOLINO A, P 2005 31 EUROMICRO; BIRON PV, 2001, XM SCHEMA 2; *BPEL4WS CONS, 2006, BUS PROC EX LANG WEB; Brickley D., 2003, RDF VOCABULARY DESCR; Chiu D. K. W., 2004, Information Technology and Management, V5, DOI 10.1023-B:ITEM.0000031580.57966.d4; Chiu DKW, 2002, DISTRIB PARALLEL DAT, V12, P193, DOI 10.1023-A:1016503218569; Christensen E., WEB SERVICES DESCRIP; Fensel D., 2002, ELECTRON COMMER R A, V1, P113, DOI DOI 10.1016-S1567-4223(02)00015-7; HECKEL R, 2005, P FASE ED SCOTL APR; HUNT PCK, 2004, P IEEE HICS37 CDROM; *JOIONT US EU AD H, 2001, REF DESCR DAML OIL O; KLYNE G, 2003, RESOURCE DESCRIPTION; LI Q, 2006, P 1 INT C SCAL INF S; LIU DR, 2001, P 7 INT C DAT SYST A, P260; MANDELL D, WORKSH E SERV SEM WE; MAYER P, 2006, TAV WEB 06 JUL 17 PO; MCGUINESS DL, 2004, OWL WEB ONT LANG OV; Motta E, 2003, LECT NOTES COMPUT SC, V2870, P306; OFFUTT J, 2004, P ACM SIGSOFT SEN SE, V29; Schulz KA, 2004, DATA KNOWL ENG, V51, P109, DOI 10.1016-j.datak.2004.03.008; SHEN J, P 2005 IEEE INT C SE; Tsai WT, 2003, IEICE T INF SYST, VE86D, P2130; TSAI WT, P 7 IEEE INT S HIGH; Tsai W.-T., 2003, P IEEE WORDS, P131, DOI 10.1109-WORDS.2003.1218075; *UDDI CONS, 2000, UDDI SPEC; van der Aalst W, 1999, SYSTEMS ANAL MODELLI, V34, P335; VANDERAALST WMP, 2000, P 21 INT C APPL THEO; *W3C REC, 2003, SOAP 1 2; Wu D, 2003, LECT NOTES COMPUT SC, V2870, P195; XIAOYING B, P 4 IEEE WORKSH SOFT; ZHANG L, P 2005 IEEE INT WORK; ZHU H, 30 ANN INT COMP SOFT, P14582
His Majesty's advocate : Sir James Stewart of Goodtrees (1635-1713) and Covenanter resistance theory under the Restoration monarchy
No full textThis thesis is the first to explore the life and political thought of Sir James
Stewart of Goodtrees (1635-1713). The first part reviews the life of his father, Sir
James Stewart of Kirk field (1608-1681) to 1661, and Goodtrees' own life from birth
to his admission to the Scots bar in 1661. This provides the backdrop of history
necessary to appreciate his contributions as both writer and radical activist.
Particular attention focuses on the conflict between Charles I and Charles II, on the
one hand, and the Church of Scotland, on the other; the National Covenant (1638)
and the Solemn League and Covenant of(1643); the British wars of religion; and
the upheavals following the Restoration in the 1660s, culminating in the Pentland
Rising of 1666.
The next part develops Goodtrees' political philosophy from his two most
important writings. Chapter 3 reviews and interprets Naphtali (1667), a defence of
those who rose at Pentland. Chapter 4 reviews Andrew Honyman's Survey of
Naphtali (1668, 1669), a rebuttal of Naphtali and standard Anglican case for royal
absolutism. Chapter 5 reviews and interprets Goodtrees' Jus Populi Vindicatum, or
The People's Right, to defend themselves and their Covenanted Religion, vindicated
(1669), his rejoinder to Honyman. His Calvinist, covenantal constitutionalism is
shown to be an important link between earlier resistance theorists like John Knox
and Samuel Rutherford and the later Whigs, represented preeminently by John
Locke.
The third part (chapters 6-7) reviews Goodtrees' life and minor writings as radical critic of the Restoration monarchy; a participant in plots among British
exiles in Holland to overthrow it; a member briefly of James's Scottish government
before the Revolution; and lord advocate and churchman pursuing political, legal,
and ecclesiastical reforms afterwards
Novel Approach Identifies SNPs in SLC2A10 and KCNK9 with Evidence for Parent-of-Origin Effect on Body Mass Index
No full textThe phenotypic effect of some single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) depends on their parental origin. We present a novel approach to detect parent-of-origin effects (POEs) in genome-wide genotype data of unrelated individuals. The method exploits increased phenotypic variance in the heterozygous genotype group relative to the homozygous groups. We applied the method to >56,000 unrelated individuals to search for POEs influencing body mass index (BMI). Six lead SNPs were carried forward for replication in five family-based studies (of ~4,000 trios). Two SNPs replicated: the paternal rs2471083-C allele (located near the imprinted KCNK9 gene) and the paternal rs3091869-T allele (located near the SLC2A10 gene) increased BMI equally (beta = 0.11 (SD), P<0.0027) compared to the respective maternal alleles. Real-time PCR experiments of lymphoblastoid cell lines from the CEPH families showed that expression of both genes was dependent on parental origin of the SNPs alleles (P<0.01). Our scheme opens new opportunities to exploit GWAS data of unrelated individuals to identify POEs and demonstrates that they play an important role in adult obesity. © 2014 Hoggart et al
Policy initiatives to address low-income households’ nutritional needs in the UK
No full textMembers of low-income households in the UK are more likely to have patterns of food and nutrient intakes that are less inclined to lead to good health outcomes in the short and long term. Health inequalities, including the likelihood of child and adulthood obesity, have long been documented in the UK and show little sign of improving so far, despite 10 years of attention from a government that has committed itself to addressing them. Following the Acheson Inquiry into Inequalities in Health (1998) in England a number of initiatives to tackle inequalities in food and diet were established, both nationally and within the devolved nations of Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. Nevertheless, until recently, there has been no overall strategic policy addressing the food and nutritional needs of low-income households. The present paper reviews how the problems have been constructed and understood and how they have been addressed, briefly drawing on recent evaluations of food and nutrition policies in Scotland and Wales. The contemporary challenge is to frame cross-cutting policy initiatives that move beyond simple targeting and local actions, encompass a life-course approach and recognise both the diversity of households that fall into ‘low-income’ categories and the need for ‘upstream’ intervention
On asymptotic decaying solutions for a class of second order differential equations
No full textsummary:The author considers the quasilinear differential equations \begin{gather} \left(r(t)\varphi (x^{\prime })\right)^{\prime }+ q(t)f(x)=0\,,\quad \quad t\ge a\\ \multicolumn{2}{l}{\text{and}}\\ \left(r(t)\varphi (x^{\prime })\right)^{\prime } + F(t,x)=\pm g(t)\,,\quad \quad t\ge a\,. \end{gather} By means of topological tools there are established conditions ensuring the existence of nonnegative asymptotic decaying solutions of these equations
Breast cancer in Lebanon: Incidence and comparison to regional and Western countries
No full textBackground: Review and analyses of the 2004 Lebanese National Breast Cancer Registry (the most recently available complete national data). Methods: Crude, age-standardized rates (ASRs), and age-specific rates per 100,000 population were calculated and results were compared with estimates from Western, regional, and Arab countries. Results: Breast cancer constituted about 38.2percent of all cancer cases among Lebanese females in the year 2004. The median age at diagnosis was 52.5 years. The age-standardized incidence rate per 100,000 was estimated at 71.0. ASRs remained lower than those observed in developed countries and in the Israeli Jewish population; however, they were greater than those estimated for Arab populations in the region. Five-year age-specific rates among Lebanese women were among the highest observed worldwide for the age groups 35-39, 40-44 and 45-49 years, with the exception of Israeli Jews for the age groups 35-39. Conclusions: Results endorse the new guidelines developed by the Lebanese Ministry of Public Health to start breast cancer screening with mammography at 40 years of age. Further efforts are needed from different stakeholders in order to realize a comprehensive and full database, and to enhance awareness for early detection at all age groups. © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.ADIB SM, 2002, LEBANESE NATL CANC R; ALAWADI SA, 2006, J CLIN ONCOL, V24, P10754; Al-Sahab B, 2008, PUBLIC HEALTH NUTR, V11, P1350, DOI 10.1017-S1368980008003005; ALSAYYAD J, 2002, ANN SAUDI MED, V27, P251; Ambrosone CB, 2008, CANCER EPIDEM BIOMAR, V17, P15, DOI 10.1158-1055-9965.EPI-07-0598; Benetou V, 2008, BRIT J CANCER, V99, P191, DOI 10.1038-sj.bjc.6604418; Banks E, 2003, LANCET, V362, P419; Chaaya Monique, 2003, Matern Child Health J, V7, P179, DOI 10.1023-A:1025136421230; El Saghir Nagi S, 2007, Int J Surg, V5, P225, DOI 10.1016-j.ijsu.2006.06.015; El Saghir NS, 2006, BMC CANCER, V6, DOI 10.1186-1471-2407-6-194; El Mistiri M, 2007, INT J CANCER, V120, P392, DOI 10.1002-ijc.22273; Blamey R, 2004, HUM REPROD UPDATE, V10, P281, DOI 10.1093-humupd-dmh025; EWERTZ M, 1990, INT J CANCER, V46, P597, DOI 10.1002-ijc.2910460408; FERLAY J, 2009, 5 IARC; FREEDMAN LS, 2006, NIH PUB, P73; Friedenreich CM, 2001, EUR J CANCER PREV, V10, P15, DOI 10.1097-00008469-200102000-00003; HAMAJIMA N, 2002, LANCET, V360, P187; HILL C, 1995, INT J EPIDEMIOL, V24, P241, DOI 10.1093-ije-24.1.241; Ibrahim EM, 2008, MED ONCOL, V25, P387, DOI 10.1007-s12032-008-9051-5; Johnson KC, 2005, INT J CANCER, V117, P619, DOI 10.1002-ijc.21150; *KINGD SAUD AR MIN, 2008, CANC INC REP SAUD AR; Lahmann PH, 2004, INT J CANCER, V111, P762, DOI 10.1002-ijc.20315; *LEB MIN PUBL HLTH, 2008, AW CAMP; M Tarawenh, 2005, CANC INCIDENCE JORDA; *MIN PUBL HLTH NAT, 2008, CANC LEB 2004 UPD CA; Motawy Mohamed, 2004, J Egypt Natl Canc Inst, V16, P85; Nagata C, 2006, JPN J CLIN ONCOL, V36, P387, DOI 10.1093-jjco-hyl031; *NAT CANC REG, 2 NAT CANC REG; Nissan A, 2004, AM J SURG, V188, P62, DOI 10.1016-j.amjsurg.2003.11.039; *OFF NAT STAT, 2007, SER MB1 OFF NAT STAT, V35; Omar S, 2003, East Mediterr Health J, V9, P448; Parkin D. M., 2002, IARC SCI PUBLICATION, VIII; Ries LAG, 2009, SEER CANC STAT REV; Rodriguez-Cuevas S, 2001, CANCER, V91, P863, DOI 10.1002-1097-0142(20010215)91:4863::AID-CNCR10743.0.CO;2-Y; Sadri G, 2007, SAUDI MED J, V28, P254; Shamseddine A, 2004, ANN EPIDEMIOL, V14, P663, DOI 10.1016-j.annepidem.2003.12.002; Sibai AM, 2003, OBES RES, V11, P1353, DOI 10.1038-oby.2003.183; Tamim H, 2007, AM J HEALTH BEHAV, V31, P56; Tarabeia J, 2007, EUR J CANCER PREV, V16, P36, DOI 10.1097-01.cej.0000228407.91223.85; *UN, 2000, FEM MAL LEB STAT PRO, P57; *UN DAT, 2008, TOT FERT RAT; *UN DAT, 2000, SING MEAN AG MARR; *UN DEV PROGR, 2009, LEB NAT HUM DEV REP; NATL CANC REGISTRY I; CANC INCIDENCE SWEDE; 2005, LEBAN EPIDEMIOL NEWS, V8, P15; CANADIAN CANC STAT; CANC INCIDENCE NORWA; CANC INCIDENCE SCOTL; US CANC STAT 2004 IN; NATL CANC REGISTRY O; REGISTRE CANC REGION13131
Elasto-visco-plastic material models and their industrial applications
No full textThe main goal of this work is the analysis of the procedure for material characterization aimed at elasto-visco-plastic models and their implementation in FEM codes. This will be done in order to perform stress analysis of structural components under repeated cyclical loads and high temperatures The overall development involves theoretical, numerical and experimental methodologies. The study of state of the art of material models, available in FEM codes, has allowed the evaluation of the limits of stress analysis on components subjected to repeated cyclical loads and high temperature. The initial study has also highlighted the necessity to implement complex material models. Traditionally this lack has been faced through the use of factors of safety, which are developed and refined on the basis of the experience and historical backgrounds. For systems where efficient design is of the utmost importance (for example the minimum weight design of an aircraft structure), it is possible that the traditional factors of safety may be overly conservative, so that optimal efficiency cannot be achieved. The implementation of complex material models allows simulating the real material behaviour and taking into account the non-linear interaction between creep and fatigue for structural analysis and life prediction. The results are more dependable and allow reducing the traditional factors of safety, consequently lead to a significant improvement in the designing of structural components. The process of material characterization has been developed through the following phases: designing the necessary experimental data base, choosing the constitutive laws, describing the iterative procedure for determining the coefficients of material model and the procedure of model validation, performed by comparisons between experimental data and simulated ones. It has been described how a poor experimental data base influences the material characterization process and the limits of an automatic procedure. Guidelines have been provided for designing experimental tests able to identify the optimized model parameters. In this way, it will be possible to determine material models with wide range of validity and to allow reducing time and costs of a characterization process. A methodology of structural analysis has been developed through the comparison with procedures of tested validity, in way to allow a correct and safe implementation of elasto-visco-plastic material models. An elasto-visco-plastic analysis on a combustion chamber of aeronautical engine has been performed and component life determined, taking into account the interaction between fatigue and creep
Pedigree- and SNP-Associated Genetics and Recent Environment are the Major Contributors to Anthropometric and Cardiometabolic Trait Variation
No full textGenome-wide association studies have successfully identified thousands of loci for a range of human complex traits and diseases. The proportion of phenotypic variance explained by significant associations is, however, limited. Given the same dense SNP panels, mixed model analyses capture a greater proportion of phenotypic variance than single SNP analyses but the total is generally still less than the genetic variance estimated from pedigree studies. Combining information from pedigree relationships and SNPs, we examined 16 complex anthropometric and cardiometabolic traits in a Scottish family-based cohort comprising up to 20,000 individuals genotyped for ~520,000 common autosomal SNPs. The inclusion of related individuals provides the opportunity to also estimate the genetic variance associated with pedigree as well as the effects of common family environment. Trait variation was partitioned into SNP-associated and pedigree-associated genetic variation, shared nuclear family environment, shared couple (partner) environment and shared full-sibling environment. Results demonstrate that trait heritabilities vary widely but, on average across traits, SNP-associated and pedigree-associated genetic effects each explain around half the genetic variance. For most traits the recently-shared environment of couples is also significant, accounting for ~11% of the phenotypic variance on average. On the other hand, the environment shared largely in the past by members of a nuclear family or by full-siblings, has a more limited impact. Our findings point to appropriate models to use in future studies as pedigree-associated genetic effects and couple environmental effects have seldom been taken into account in genotype-based analyses. Appropriate description of the trait variation could help understand causes of intra-individual variation and in the detection of contributing loci and environmental factors
