1,721,034 research outputs found
Le abitudini di reminiscing in genitori di bambini prescolari e scolari: uno studio esplorativo
No full textLiterature shows that the reminiscing, a conversation between parent and child on shared events, promotes cognitive and emotional skills. However, the practice of parental reminiscing and the meaning that parents give to it have not been sufficiently studied. This exploratory study investigates how often parents do reminiscing with their children and which functions of it they consider relevant. Sixty-three parents of preschool and schoolchildren completed the “Caregiver Child Reminiscence Scale”. The results show that reminiscing is a common conversational activity in the parent-child dyads, and that parents consider relevant mainly some functions of reminiscing, such as behavioral control, emotion regulation and teaching/problem solving. Cognitive function is considered significantly less important. The educational implications of these results are discusse
Parents’ reminiscing training in typically developing and “at-risk” children: A review
Full text linkReminiscing is a conversation between a child and caregiver about past events they have experienced together. In recent years, researchers have been interested in implementing training to improve the quality of parents' reminiscing styles, both in typically developing and “at-risk” children and disadvantaged families.
The review analysed studies on reminiscing training in order to provide support for their effectiveness, to identify gaps in the literature and to propose directions for future research.
The review showed the effectiveness of reminiscing training for parents but highlighted the paucity of these studies, their focus on the mothers and the variability of the length of the training. Finally, the review emphasized the potential areas of reminiscing training in clinical and educational settings
APPLICAZIONE DI INDICATORI FISICI, CHIMICI E BIOLOGICI PER VALUTARE LA QUALITA' E LO STATO DI SALUTE DEI SUOLI. IL CASO DELLA REGIONE LOMBARDIA
No full textScopo del progetto era valutare lo stato di salute e la qualità dei suoli agricoli lombardi e di alcune sue aree caratterizzate da specifiche criticità ambientali, attraverso un monitoraggio multidisciplinare. L’uso di indicatori biologici accoppiato alle classiche tecniche analitiche ha consentito di implementare le informazioni ottenute dal punto di vista chimico-fisico. Contrariamente al passato infatti, la componente vivente del suolo è diventata fondamentale alla comprensione delle sue condizioni, in quanto esso è stato riconosciuto come sistema strettamente connesso agli altri comparti ambientali, influenzato e caratterizzato da tutti gli organismi che lo compongono. Sulla base di ciò sono state indagate la struttura e le caratteristiche delle comunità microbiche, dei lombrichi e dei protozoi ciliati, le attività enzimatiche del suolo, e la genotossicità delle sostanze inquinanti utilizzando il trifoglio come pianta indicatrice.
Abbiamo inoltre avuto modo di applicare alcune tecniche che esulano dal classico monitoraggio, ma che forniscono informazioni preziose circa il comportamento di una sostanza o di un elemento. Si tratta dell’applicazione della diluizione isotopica per determinare la presenza del cromo esavalente in suoli potenzialmente contaminati, e di biosaggi con batteri bioluminescenti per valutare la biodisponibilità di arsenico e mercurio in un Sito di Interesse Nazionale.The aim of the project was to assess health status and quality of agricultural soils of the Lombardia region, and some areas with critical environmental situations, through a multidisciplinary monitoring. The use of biological indicators coupled to classic analytical techniques, has allowed the implementation of the information obtained from the chemical-physical point of view. Contrary to the past, the living component of the soil has become crucial to better understand its condition, as it has been recognized as a system closely related to other environmental media, influenced and characterized by all organisms that compose it. Basing on this it was investigated the structure and characteristics of microbial communities, earthworms and ciliated protozoa, the enzymatic activities of the soil, and the genotoxicity of pollutants using clover plants as indicator.
We also had the opportunity to apply some of the techniques that are outside the classic monitoring, but that can provide valuable information about the behavior of a substance or an element. These techniques are: the application of isotope dilution to determine the presence of hexavalent chromium in potentially contaminated soils, and bioassays with bioluminescent bacteria to assess the bioavailability of arsenic and mercury in a Site of National Interest
VALUTARE LE ABITUDINI DI REMINISCING IN GENITORI DI BAMBINI PRESCOLARI E SCOLARI: UNO STUDIO ESPLORATIVO
No full textIntroduzione Le conversazioni tra bambino e caregiver costituiscono un importante contesto di sviluppo (Fivush, Haden, & Reese, 2006). Tra i diversi tipi di conversazioni diadiche assume particolare rilievo il reminiscing, che consiste in una conversazione tra bambino e caregiver su eventi passati vissuti 93 insieme (Reese & Brown, 2000). Molti studi hanno indagato lo stile genitoriale di reminiscing, rilevando come esso favorisca nel bambino una condizione di benessere emotivo e psicologico (Sales & Fivush, 2005). Tuttavia, ancora pochi sono gli studi che analizzano le abitudini di reminiscing nella quotidianità (Kulkofsky & Koh, 2009). Pertanto, data la risonanza teorica e applicativa del reminiscing, il presente studio ha l’obiettivo di approfondire come i genitori valutano e con che frequenza attuano tale tipologia di conversazione con i loro bambini. Metodo Partecipano allo studio 30 genitori di età compresa tra 25 e 50 anni (M=39.07, SD=5.63) di bambini (13 maschi e 17 femmine) di età prescolare e scolare (range 4-10, M= 6,72 anni, SD=1.75) reclutati in diverse scuole del Nord Italia. A tutti i partecipanti è stato proposto il Caregiver Child Reminiscence Scale (Kulkofsky & Koh, 2009), un questionario self-report su scala likert a 7 punti, (da 1 “molto raramente” a 7 “molto spesso”), atto a valutare le abitudini di reminiscing nella diade genitore-bambino e il valore che l’adulto vi attribuisce. Lo strumento è composto da sette categorie: conversazione, mantenimento delle relazioni, controllo comportamentale, risoluzione dei problemi, controllo delle emozioni, funzioni relative al sé, funzioni cognitive. Risultati I punteggi medi relativi all’utilizzo del reminiscing indicano come tale pratica sia un’attività comune in diadi genitore-bambino (M= 5.83; SD= 1.11). L’analisi della varianza a misure ripetute mostra una differenza statisticamente significativa tra l’utilizzo delle sette categorie presenti nel test [F(6.174)= 11.93, p <.001]. In particolare, confronti post hoc, con correzione di Bonferroni, evidenziano una differenza per quanto riguarda la categoria funzioni cognitive rispetto alle altre (tutti i p < .001). Tale risultato è indicativo del fatto che i genitori attribuiscono meno importanza a stimolare, attraverso il ricordo congiunto, le capacità cognitive dei loro bambini. Conclusioni I dati dello studio riportano che i genitori sono soliti attuare il reminiscing con i loro figli al fine di stimolarli nella conversazione, cercare di stabilire e mantenere le relazioni ponendo attenzione ad aspetti di regolazione emotiva e comportamentale. I genitori, inoltre, aiutano i figli a fronteggiare in maniera più adeguata situazioni problematiche e stressogene rafforzando la costruzione del sé in crescita del bambino. Nonostante il limite dovuto alla scarsa numerosità del campione, per cui sono necessarie ulteriori analisi, i risultati presentati posso essere utili anche per la progettazione di training specifici
The use of stilbene scaffold in medicinal chemistry and multi-target drug design
No full textThe stilbene scaffold is a basic element for a number of biologically active natural and synthetic compounds, and it is considered as a privileged structure. Stilbenes exemplified by resveratrol, combretastatin A-4 and pterostilbene are of significant interest for drug research and development because of their potential in therapeutic and preventive application. Resveratrol, present in grapes and other food products, plays a role in the prevention of several human pathological processes and has been suggested as an anticancer agent. Moreover, recent evidence has revealed its potential effect on the aging process, diabetes and neurological dysfunction. Combretastatin A-4, from the bark of South African bush willow Combretum caffrum, also shows significant antitumor activity. Pterostilbene is closely related to resveratrol, sharing the same unique therapeutic potential as anti-inflammatory, antineoplastic and antioxidant agent. Therefore, research and development of stilbene-based medicinal chemistry have become rapidly evolving and increasingly active topics covering almost the whole range of therapeutic fields. In the present review, we provide an overview of the role of stilbenes in medicinal chemistry. In this context, we highlight the chemical methodologies adopted for the synthesis of stilbene derivatives, and outline the successful design of novel stilbene based hybrids in the field of cancer, Alzheimer's and other relevant diseases. This information may be useful in further design of stilbene-based molecules as new leads for the development of novel agents with clinical potential or as effective chemical probes to dissect biological processes
Typically developing adolescents’ experience of growing up with a brother with an autism spectrum disorder
Full text linkBackground Researchers studying siblings of people with an autism spectrum disorder (ASD) suggest that growing up with an individual with disability has positive and negative effects. Method Qualitative content analysis of semistructured interviews with 14 typically developing (TD) adolescents with a brother with an ASD and their mothers was used to explore the experience of growing up with a sibling with an ASD and identify differences in the relationship with, and attitude toward, the brother. Results TD siblings expressed mixed feelings about their brother, a precocious sense of responsibility, concern about the future, friendship difficulties, and troubles and the desire to talk about their experience. Most adolescents integrated their positive and negative feelings; however, 3 adolescents displayed rejection, denial, or a sense of persecution. Conclusions Qualitative research into the experiences of adolescent siblings of people with an ASD should be used to develop support programs to help adolescents manage their relationship with a sibling with a disability
Key Metalogical Propositions on a Variant of Hilbert’s Epsilon-Calculus
No full textHilbert’s ε-operator, a foundational device for forming indefinite descriptions, has long been overshadowed
by standard quantifiers in first-order logic. However, its capacity to eliminate quantifiers and reframe logical
derivations makes it a compelling tool for alternative proof strategies and automated reasoning. This paper revisits
the ε-calculus, offering a streamlined proof of completeness adapted from Hasenjaeger’s 1953 approach. Building
on earlier work by Leisenring, Davis, and Fechter, we present a variant of the ε-calculus that omits all predicate
symbols aside from equality. The development follows the conventional structure of logical systems—syntax,
semantics, and deductive calculus—culminating in a soundness and completeness result. The aim is to reaffirm
the ε-operator’s relevance in the foundations of logic through a simplified and accessible formal treatment
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Diophantine Modeling of Provability in Algebraic Logic
No full textIt has long been established that the set Th of theorems in an axiomatic formal theory is recursively enumerable
(r.e.). Building upon the Davis-Putnam-Robinson-Matiyasevich theorem, which states that every r.e. set is
Diophantine, this paper explores the complexity of representing Th through a Diophantine equation D = 0.
We contend that a good trade-off between two primary measures of the complexity of the representation,
which are the number of unknowns and the degree of the polynomial D, should aim at the transparency of
the representation. Our work builds on a previous construction, notably that of M. Carl and B.Z. Moroz, who
have provided a Diophantine representation of the sentences provable in the Gödel-Bernays class theory (NBG)
within first-order predicate calculus. In contrast, our Diophantine representation of NBG relies on a modernized
version of Schröder’s algebra of relations, specifically the L× equational calculus proposed by A. Tarski and S.
Givant. Additionally, we replace NBG’s traditional axioms with an alternative axiomatization by H. Friedmann.
These changes reduce the complexity of the Diophantine representation of NBG’s provability, while maintaining
equivalence to more classical formalizations. While we provide only preliminary insights into this novel equational
axiomatization, we report on initial experiments with these axioms using the Vampire theorem prover
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