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    Diffusion of water and ammonia through Polyimide-Silica bicontinuous nanocomposites: Interactions and reactions

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    The diffusion of low mol. wt. penetrants through films of a PMDA-ODA polyimide and a corresponding polyimide-silica bicontinuous nanocomposite (org.-inorg. hybrid) was monitored using time-resolved FTIR spectroscopy and gravimetric anal. A reacting and a non-reacting penetrant, ammonia and water vapor, were used in the study in order to evaluate their relative interactions with the components of the polyimide-silica hybrid from sorption and diffusion measurements. In the expts. with water vapors the sorption equil. was measured with activity levels varying from 0.1 to 0.75. The state of water mols. was examd. on the basis of a simplified H-bonding assocn. model. From the expts. using ammonia as the penetrant, it was possible to sep. the phys. diffusion component from the reaction-detd. transport rate by using different sample thickness and penetrant pressure. A remarkable catalytic effect of the silica phase on the reaction of ammonia with the polyimide was obsd

    Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis

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    The present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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