82 research outputs found
Ganoderma Butt Rot of Hazelnut (corylus Avellana) Caused by ganoderma Adspersum in Türkiye
No full textTurkkan, Muharrem/0000-0001-7779-9365; OZER, Goksel/0000-0002-3385-2520; Dervis, Sibel/0000-0002-4917-3813In September 2022, hazelnut trees in six orchards in the & Ccedil;ar & scedil;amba district of Samsun province, a major hazelnut production area in the Black Sea region of T & uuml;rkiye, showed symptoms of leaf yellowing, shoot dieback, decline, basal stem rot and the presence of brown bracket-like sessile basidiocarps. Approximately 5%-10% of hazelnut trees were affected, highlighting the significant impact of the disease. A comprehensive morphological analysis was conducted to characterize fungal isolates obtained from symptomatic tissues as G. adspersum. This analysis incorporated features observed in basidiomata from declining trees and those reproduced after isolates were cultivated on wheat grain for spawn production and grown on an oak sawdust-based substrate. Confirmation of identification was achieved through the utilization of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS), large subunit (LSU) and small subunit (SSU) loci, along with sequencing and subsequent phylogenetic analysis. The G. adspersum isolates generally exhibited no significant growth differences at similar temperatures but demonstrated enhanced growth at 30 degrees C, while growth was completely inhibited at 40 degrees C. Incompatible reactions between isolates confirmed that distinct genotypes were present, highlighting genetic diversity within the species. In the pathogenicity trials, employing a single infested wheat grain per inoculation at the wounded site, hazelnut suckers exhibited distinct brown discolouration surrounding the inoculation site following a 2.5-month incubation period. Significantly, lesions exceeding 3 cm in length were observed, providing clear evidence of vigorous pathogenic activity by G. adspersum. This study is the first report of G. adspersum causing butt rot in hazelnuts, underscoring the significance of this finding for hazelnut cultivation and providing a foundation for future research and disease management strategies
Theoretical EPR study of 6-Mercaptopurine
No full text32nd International Physics Congress of Turkish-Physical-Society (TPS) -- SEP 06-09, 2016 -- Bodrum, TURKEY6-Mercaptopurine is important antineoplastics agent and it is used for immuno suppressive and anti inflammatory. Experimental EPR parameters of 6-Mercaptopurine molecules powder were studied in the literature. The aim of this study EPR parameters of 6 Mercaptopurine molecules were calculated with theoretical calculations and define the possible radicals of 6 Mercaptopurine molecules. Firstly the X-ray structure of 6-Mercaptopurine molecules were found in the literature (1). EPR parameters and possible radicals of 6 Mercaptopurine molecules were calculated from this X-ray structure. Possible radicals of gamma-irradiated 6-Mercaptopurine molecules were constituted. EPR parameters of possible radicals were calculated with 1331XP/6-31.1++ G (d,p) basis set in MT methods for 6 Mercaptopurine molecules.Turkish Phys So
Armillaria Species Causing Kiwifruit Vine Decline and Root Rot in Northeastern Türkiye: a Growing Concern for Kiwifruit Health
No full textTurkkan, Muharrem/0000-0001-7779-9365; OZER, Goksel/0000-0002-3385-2520Kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa) production in northeastern T & uuml;rkiye is facing an emerging threat from Armillaria root rot. Surveys conducted in August 2021 and 2022 revealed that 10.5%-17.5% of the 200-500 vines within each of 35 kiwifruit orchards in the Per & scedil;embe, G & uuml;lyal & imath; and Alt & imath;nordu districts of Ordu province exhibited symptoms of Armillaria root rot, including complete defoliation. Diseased plants exhibited diagnostic signs on their root collars and woody roots, including white mycelial fans, extensive wood rot and rhizomorphs. A single Armillaria isolate was obtained from each of the 35 symptomatic orchards. Molecular identification, employing DNA sequencing of the large subunit (LSU) region of rDNA, the translation elongation factor subunit 1-alpha (TEF1) gene and the second largest RNA polymerase II B-subunit (RPB2) gene, identified 20 isolates as Armillaria gallica and 15 as A. mellea. Phylogenetic analyses, based on TEF1 alignments, further supported the species identification with a 100% bootstrap value. To examine genetic diversity, start codon targeted (SCoT) marker 13 was used, successfully differentiating the two Armillaria species and revealing three distinct clades. Clades I and II comprised 15 and 5 isolates of A. gallica, respectively, while Clade III contained all 15 A. mellea isolates. Pathogenicity testing on kiwifruit seedlings (cv. Hayward) revealed the ability of both A. gallica and A. mellea isolates to induce disease. Rhizomorph-producing isolates in kiwifruit seedlings displayed high virulence, inducing severe leaf necrosis and seedling mortality, while isolates lacking these structures were non-pathogenic. This study identifies the first global instance of A. gallica causing kiwifruit root rot. This finding, along with the identification of A. mellea as a causal agent in the country, highlights the emerging threat of Armillaria root rot to kiwifruit production in the region
A double-blind, crossover, randomized dose-comparison trial of granisetron for the prevention of acute and delayed nausea and emesis in children receiving moderately emetogenic carboplatin-based chemotherapy
No full textBackground Granisetron is a safe and effective prophylaxis for nausea and vomiting associated with moderate to highly emetogenic chemotherapy. Few trials have been conducted to determine the optimal effective dose of granisetron in children with cancer. The objective of this report was to compare two doses of granisetron in patients with optic pathway tumors receiving moderately emetogenic doses of carboplatin. Patients and methods In this double-blind, crossover, randomized study, antiemetic efficacy and tolerability of two dose levels (10 and 40 mu g/kg) of granisetron in the prevention of acute and delayed nausea/emesis were compared in children and young adults. A total of 18 patients (13 boys) aged 1-23 years (median 7.7 years) treated with a moderately emetogenic dose of carboplatin were randomly assigned to receive either 10 or 40 mu g/kg of slow granisetron intravenous (i.v.) infusions at alternating cycles of chemotherapy in a blinded fashion until the end of the study period or until their chemotherapy regimen ended. In this way, the patients acted as their own controls. Results Patients in the granisetron 10 and 40 mu g/kg groups received 104 and 121 cycles of chemotherapy, respectively. There was no significant difference in antiemetic efficacy in terms of nausea and emesis between the dose groups in the first 5 days of chemotherapy. The treatment was well tolerated. Conclusion We conclude that granisetron 10 and 40 mu g/kg have comparable efficacy in controlling carboplatin-induced acute and delayed nausea/emesis and is well tolerated in children and young adults
Red blood cell distribution width as a prognostic marker of mortality in patients on chronic dialysis: a single center, prospective longitudinal study
No full textAim To determine if red cell distribution width (RDW) is associated
with all-cause mortality in patients on chronic dialysis
and to evaluate its prognostic value among validated
prognostic biomarkers.
Methods This is a single center, prospective longitudinal
study. At the time of inclusion in January 2011, all patients
were physically examined and a routine blood analysis was
performed. A sera sample was preserved for determination
of NT-pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-pro-BNP) and eosinophil
cationic protein. Carotid intima media thickness
(IMT) was also measured. Following one year, all-cause
mortality was evaluated.
Results Of 100 patients, 25 patients died during the follow-
up period of one-year. Patients who died had significantly
higher median [range] RDW levels (16.7% [14.3-19.5]
vs 15.5% [13.2-19.7], P < 0.001. They had significantly higher
Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance
status (4 [2-4] vs 2 [1-4], P < 0.001), increased intima-media
thickness (IMT) (0.71 [0.47-1.25] vs 0.63 [0.31-1.55], P = 0.011),
increased NT-pro-BNP levels (8300 [1108-35000] vs 4837
[413-35000], P = 0.043), and increased C-reactive protein
(CRP) levels (11.6 [1.3-154.2] vs 4.9 [0.4-92.9], P < 0.001). For
each 1% point increase in RDW level as a continuous variable,
one-year all cause mortality risk was increased by 54%
in univariate Cox proportional hazard analysis. In the final
model, when RDW was entered as a categorical variable,
mortality risk was significantly increased (hazard ratio, 5.15,
95% confidence interval, 2.33 to 11.36) and patients with
RDW levels above 15.75% had significantly shorter survival
time (Log rank P < 0.001) than others.
Conclusions RDW could be an additive predictor for allcause
mortality in patients on chronic dialysis. Furthermore,
RDW combined with sound clinical judgment improves
identification of patients who are at increased risk
compared to RDW alone
"Orhan Pamuk's novels and their ""afterlife"" in English and German translations"
No full textIn this dissertation, I focus on the Turkish Nobel Prize laureate Orhan Pamuk’s novels and on their English and German translations by Güneli Gün, Maureen Freely, and Ingrid Iren. I argue that literary translation is a creative act, the study and critique of which needs to be anchored within a specific historical, geographical, and temporal horizon.
I studied the reception of Pamuk’s novels in translation and discovered that book reviewers write about translations as if they were transparent copies of the original works. Literary translation in a largely monolingual public sphere is thus overlooked. I provide a theoretical model for the study and critique of translations as autonomous texts beyond the evaluative notion of “fidelity” to originals. I devise a theoretical framework based on my close textual analyses of the translations. I situate translations within their respective context, read them in relation to particular historical circumstances that gave rise to them, and in relation to secondary material written by translators, ranging from creative writing, other translations, prefaces, introductions, afterwords, glossaries, and interviews. This approach elucidates each translator’s project, position, and intention.
The introduction provides literature review and lays out the theoretical framework. Chapter 1 consists of two parts. In part 1, I examine the reception of Orhan Pamuk in Turkey and abroad as revealed in reviews, articles, interviews, and book length manuscripts. In part 2, I read Pamuk’s Kara Kitap (The Black Book), paying close attention to particular images, intertextual and metatextual aspects, and shifts in narrative voice. I choose elements of the novel that are self-referential and language-, context-, and culture-specific. Translation of these elements reveals the translators’ literary and stylistic idiosyncrasies and how each translator recontextualized the text in unique ways. In chapter 2, I focus on the translator Güneli Gün and identify her unique style as a writer. I argue that Gün’s primary purpose as a translator was to bridge Turkish and American literatures and cultures and to introduce Pamuk to the Anglo-American readership in the era before he reached international fame. In chapter 3, I focus on Maureen Freely, who is widely known as Pamuk’s definitive English translator since the Nobel Prize. I analyze her translations, novels, and journalistic writings in order to determine her idiosyncratic style and position as the author of the new translation. I argue that Freely translated the novel in ways that bolster Pamuk’s later image as “the writer of the city of Istanbul.” In chapter 4, I focus on Ingrid Iren, Pamuk’s German translator and read her translation, Das schwarze Buch, in relation to the long history and legacy of translation into German, a context completely different from the previous ones. I argue that Iren performed a significant bridging role between the two languages and cultures through her active recreation of the Turkish narrative into German. The German text is heavily shaped by the translator. In the conclusion, I point to possible avenues for further research.
This study fills in an important gap in the scholarship on Orhan Pamuk by illuminating the role of his translators in the formation of his image as a world author.Item withdrawn by Mark Zulauf ([email protected]) on 2012-04-20T00:20:25Z
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Limit In-Plane Couples of Nozzles in Cylindrical Vessels and Branch Connections in Piping Systems
No full textRole of aggressivity on reactivity and craving before and after cue exposure in recently detoxified alcoholics: Results from an experimental study
No full textThe role of aggressivity and cue exposure in induction of craving were investigated in a clinical setting. Thirty abstinent alcoholic patients were divided into a low and a high aggressive group based on scores on the physical aggression subscale of the Buss-Durkee Hostility Inventory and exposed to alcohol cues. Craving was measured by means of the Alcohol Craving Questionnaire (ACQ) and Visual Analogue Scales (VAS). Important findings are: (1) main effects of aggressivity on `emotionality', `purposefulness' and `expectancy' of ACQ were very significant; (2) on `drinking intention' and `craving for alcohol' of VAS, aggressivity and cue exposure showed a significant interaction; (3) the main effect of cue exposure on heart rate also reached a significance level of 0.007. The results were discussed in the context of the Classical, Operant Conditioning Theory, the Cognitive Craving Theory of Tiffany, Gilbert's STAR Model, and the Self-Medication Hypothesis Copyright (C) 2001 S. Karger AG, Basel
Changes in quality during storage of vacuum-packed sea bass (Dicentrarchus Labrax, Linnaeus, 1758) cooked by different methods
No full textThis work evaluates the chemical, microbiological and sensorial characteristics of vacuum-packed sea bass processed by different cooking methods under different time/temperature conditions and storage at 2C. The heat treatments applied in core were: 5 min, at 180C for frying, 30 mi, at 230C for baking, and 16 min at 2450 MHz for microwave cooking. Chemical, microbiological and sensory quality changes were investigated periodically. In all groups; the total viable and psycrophilic bacteria counts increased throughout the storage period of vacuum-packed sea bass. Total viable counts of fried, baked and microwave-cooked sea bass reached 6.06, 7.00, 7.24 log cfu/g, respectively, after 15 days. On day 15, the total volatile base nitrogen (TVB-N) value of microwave-cooked sea bass exceeded the allowable limit of 38.72 mg/100 g, whereas the TVB-N value of fried and baked sea bass reached 22.46 and 29.85 mg/100 g, respectively. Therefore, it can be concluded that frying at 180C for 5 min in core is the most effective cooking method to ensure the safety and extend the shelf life of fried sea bass, preserving its microbiological guality. © 2009, Wiley Periodicals, Inc
The effects of iron deficiency on neutrophil/monocyte apoptosis in children
No full textObjectives: Iron is essential for DNA synthesis; its deficiency may lead to impaired DNA synthesis and subsequent alterations in levels of apoptosis. Here, we have aimed to investigate effects of iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) on apoptotic response of phagocytic cells and to understand whether the effect is reversible after iron supplementation. Materials and methods: Forty-nine IDA patients and 26 healthy controls, aged between 6 months and 12 years with similar demographic status, were considered. Neutrophil- and monocyte-apoptotic responses of IDA patients and the control group were compared by flow cytometry. Then, IDA patients were provided with oral iron supplementation. On day 15 of iron therapy, neutrophil- and monocyte-apoptotic responses of IDA patients were rechecked and were compared to those of control group. Results: Neutrophil- and monocyte-apoptotic responses in terms of early and late percentages of apoptosis, and percentages of necrotic cells, were significantly less in IDA patients compared to the control group. The significantly low apoptotic responses of IDA patients rose to levels of the control group by day 15 of iron therapy. Besides, the effect of IDA on apoptotic responses was found to be more enhanced in severe IDA patients that those of mild IDA patients. Conclusion: Correction of differences after iron supplementation therapy implies that IDA might be a cause for changes in neutophil- and monocyte-apoptotic responses. The impact of this diminution of apoptotic cellular function in IDA should be further investigated, with longitudinal studies, in order to document the impact of any severe and/or long-lasting IDA on autoimmunity and malignancy
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