327,252 research outputs found
Neocaledosynthemis Fleck 2024, gen. nov.
No full text<i>Neocaledosynthemis</i> <i>gen</i>. nov. <p> Type species. <i>Synthemis fenella</i> Campion</p> <p> Other included species. <i>Synthemis ariadne</i> Lieftinck</p> <p> <i>Etymology</i>. After New Caledonia and <i>Synthemis</i> Selys.</p> <i>Justification and differential diagnosis</i> <p> <i>Material examined</i>: male, female and larva (reared) of all New Caledonian species of synthemistids (female <i>C. ariadne</i> based on photos), except <i>C. pamelae</i> Davies and larva <i>C. jeanlegrandi</i>. In addition to characters accessible in literature for non-New-Caledonian synthemistids male, female and larva of <i>Synthemis tasmanica</i> Tillyard, <i>Austrosynthemis cyanitincta</i> Tillyard, <i>Tonyosynthemis claviculata</i> Tillyard, <i>Choristhemis flavoterminata</i> Martin, <i>Palaeosynthemis cyrene</i> Lieftinck, <i>Archaeosynthemis</i> spp., and <i>Eusynthemis</i> spp. were also examined.</p> <p> Carle (1995), on the supposed basis of a pair of male apomorphic characters (see below discussion), erected the genus <i>Calesynthemis</i> to accomodate all <i>Synthemis</i> species from New Caledonia ie <i>Synthemis miranda</i> (type species), <i>S. ariadne</i>, <i>S. campioni</i> Lieftinck, <i>S. fenella</i>, <i>S. flexicauda</i> Campion, <i>S. montaguei</i> Campion and <i>S. serendipita</i>. As these species are all endemic, the genus <i>Calesynthemis</i> is also restricted to New Caledonia.</p> <p> Davies (2002) did not recognize the genus <i>Calesynthemis</i> and described under <i>Synthemis</i>, a new species (<i>S. pamelae</i>). Given the available characters and the possible close affinity with <i>C. miranda</i> (being “its nearest relative” after Davies), <i>S. pamelae</i> should have probably been placed in <i>Calesynthemis</i> sensu Carle (1995).</p> <p> The New Caledonian synthemistids, even if probably rather closely related to true <i>Synthemis</i> (ie <i>S. eustalacta</i> Burmeister from South East Australia and <i>S. tasmanica</i>, from Tasmania) are nevertheless sufficiently different to be removed from this genus. Indeed, the true <i>Synthemis</i> have, among others, distinctly different male hamuli posteriores, male vesica spermalis V 1, male organisation of S2 ventral tergum, male epiproct, female ovipositor, FW relative position of arculus, HW anal loop construction, larval frontal plate, larval premental distal margin, and larval mask setal organisation.</p> <p> Fleck (2005, in Fleck <i>et al.</i> 2020) considered New Caledonian synthemistids as <i>Synthemis sensu lato</i>, because the species <i>S. ariadne</i> and <i>S. fenella</i> were not considered belonging to <i>Calesynthemis</i>, and Fleck & El Adouzi (2013) did not treat New Caledonian synthemistids and mentioned “New Caledonian synthemistids are in need of a revision and probably to be split into two genera”. In the matter of fact, the species <i>S. ariadne</i> and <i>S. fenella</i> are distinctly different from other <i>Calesynthemis</i>, not only by virtue of their smaller size, but for example their larvae are remarkable and unique among synthemistids by the absence of long body setae giving them a strong glabrous and finely granulose aspect, and by the absence of dentition on the labial palps. The following characters permit the separation of <i>S. fenella</i> and <i>S. ariadne</i> from other New Caledonian species:</p> <p> - All discoidal triangles free. They are generally free in <i>S. fenella</i>, in <i>S. ariadne</i> rarely crossed in one or even two wings. In other New Caledonian representatives discoidal triangles are crossed at least in one pair of wings (usually on both pair of wings). HW discoidal triangle is generally free in male <i>C. miranda</i> and occasionally in female.</p> <p> - Arculus not strongly shifted distal to Ax2. In <i>S. fenella</i> and <i>S. ariadne</i> the arculus is often placed slightly proximal to Ax2 or at Ax2, it is regularly shifted slightly distally (rarely distinctly in HW). In most other species, except <i>C. flexicauda</i>, the origin of arculus is distinctly shifted distal to Ax2, most of the time in both pair of wings. In <i>C. flexicauda</i> it is placed at Ax2 or slightly distally shifted. Note that in some <i>Eusynthemis</i> Förster and allied genera, the arculus is shifted distal to Ax2.</p> <p> - Male cerci not longer than S9+10. In <i>S. fenella</i> they are about as long as S9+10 and in <i>S. ariadne</i> they are slightly shorter than S9+10. In other species they are longer, most of the time distinctly so.</p> <p>- Male penis dh1 and dh2 placed on a common stem (Fig. 23, see arrow, compare with Fig. 8). In all other species they are distinctly separated or approximate on V 4, never placed on a common stem.</p> <p> - Female V 1 (vulvar lamina) short and stout with U-shaped medial notch. In New Caledonian female synthemistids the V 1 are in their proximal part parallel and contiguous, in their distal part divergent, the notch being V-shaped or U-shaped; the base of the notch presents additionally a pair of denticles. In <i>S. fenella</i> and <i>S. ariadne</i> V 1 is restricted to the basal 1/3 to basal 1/4 of S9 sternum (contra Carle, 1995) (and also shorter than 1/2 the length of S10, contra Carle, 1995) with proximal part strongly reduced, and notch U-shaped in <i>S. fenella</i>, and probably derived from the <i>S. fenella</i> type in <i>S. ariadne</i> since distal part is similar to that of <i>S. fenella</i> but basal part shows shortly divergent inner margins (apparently unique within New Caledonian synthemistids). In other species, except <i>C. serendipita</i>, the V 1 are overlapping about 1/2 of S9 sternum, their proximal part is rather long and their notch V-shaped. In <i>C. serendipita</i> the ovipositor is short, hardly longer than 1/3 of S9 (contra Carle 1995), with notch somewhat U-shaped, but with basal part having valves contiguous over a relatively long distance (considering the distal part only, probably a convergence with <i>S. fenella</i> and <i>S. ariadne</i> given the close affinity of <i>C. serendipita</i> with <i>C. campioni</i>).</p> <p> - Female cerci not longer than S9+10. In <i>S. fenella</i> they are about as long as S9, in <i>S. ariadne</i> slightly shorter than S9+10. In other species they are generally distinctly longer than S9+10 except <i>C. miranda</i> where they appear up turned and shorter than S9+10.</p> <p>- Larva glabrous, deprived of long setae and long hair-like setae and with fine granulose appearance (unique character within synthemistids). All other larvae present long setae and/or long hair-like setae at least on frontal plate, occipital lateral margins, pronotal lateral lobes, lateral margins of thorax and abdomen.</p> <p>- Larva with distal margin of labial palp lacking clear dentition (a unique character within synthemistids). All other larvae have distinct dentition.</p> <p> - Larva with only 6 or fewer antennomeres (apparently unique within synthemistids). Contrary to the claim of Lieftinck (1976), from 12 F-0 and 2 F-1 checked <i>S. fenella</i> larvae from different localities, only one F-0 seems to have 7 antennomeres on one antenna (moreover the character is not clearly cut since the interantennomeral joint is not clearly marked!); three specimens exhibit 5 antennomeres in a least one antenna. All <i>S. ariadne</i> checked larvae (6 F-0 and 2 F-1) have 6 antennomeres. Thus, <i>S. fenella</i> and <i>S. ariadne</i> larvae can be considered to have 6 antennomeres (sometimes with one less, very exceptionally, and aberrantly, with one more). All other species have 7 antennomeres, and antennae, comparatively to body dimension, longer.</p> <p>- Larva with only 2 long premental setae and 2 or 3 palpal setae (apparently unique within synthemistids). Other larvae have at least 3 long premental setae and 4 palpal setae.</p> <p> Considering all the above-mentioned characters, any of them unique among synthemistids and considered synapomorphic, <i>S. fenella</i> (type species) and <i>S. ariadne</i> are placed in the genus <i>Neocaledosynthemis</i>.</p>Published as part of <i>Fleck, Günther, 2024, A remarkable new synthemistid from New Caledonia (Odonata: Anisoptera: Synthemistidae s. str.). Taxonomic and phylogenetic note on New Caledonian Synthemistidae and erection of a new genus, pp. 320-330 in Zootaxa 5403 (3)</i> on pages 328-329, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5403.3.2, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/10561942">http://zenodo.org/record/10561942</a>
Fleck-like lesions in <i>CEP290-associated</i> leber congenital amaurosis: a case series
No full textTo provide a detailed ophthalmic phenotype of a small cohort of patients with Leber Congenital Amaurosis (LCA) caused by mutations in CEP290 (CEP290-LCA) with a focus on elucidating the origin of yellow-white lesions observed in 30% of patients with this condition. This is a retrospective review of records of five patients with CEP290-LCA. Patients had comprehensive ophthalmic evaluations. Visual function was assessed with full-field electroretinograms (ffERGs) and full-field sensitivity testing (FST). Multimodal imaging was performed with spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), fundus autofluorescence (FAF) with short- (SW) and near-infrared (NIR) excitation wavelengths. All patients showed relative structural preservation of the foveal and near midperipheral retina separated by a pericentral area of photoreceptor loss. Yellow-white, fleck-like lesions in an annular distribution around the near midperiphery co-localized with hyperreflective lesions on SD-OCT. The lesions located between the inner segment ellipsoid signal and the apical retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). The inner retina was normal. Longitudinal observations in one of the patients indicates the abnormalities may represent an intermediate stage in the degenerative process between the near normal appearing retina previously documented in young CEP290-LCA patients and the pigmentary retinopathy observed along the same region in older individuals.
We speculate that fleck-like lesions in CEP290-LCA correspond to malformed, rudimentary or degenerated, including shed, photoreceptor outer segments. The topography and possible origin of the abnormalities may inform the planning of evolving genetic therapies for this disease.</p
Fleck - William D. Fleck
No full textA.B. Grad. Gettysburg Seminary, 1887. Born Jan. 12, 1855, Sinking Valley. Brother of L.N.F., class of 1880. Lutheran clergyman: Riegelsville, 1887-1921. Died Sept. 16, 1921. Married Oct. 26, 1887, Annie K. Leas. Children: Carl W. (class of 1910); John G. (class of 1912); Cyrus S. (ex. 1920); Harry W.; Margaret A.; Geo. D. Handwritten on back: ""Your friend, C. L. Fleck."
OS CONFLITOS DE GERAÇÃO NO SISTEMA DE ENSINO SUPERIOR SOB PRISMA DA EPISTEMOLOGIA DE COLETIVOS DE PENSAMENTO
No full textO objetivo deste ensaio teórico é analisar a aprendizagem escolar por meio dos conflitos de geração existentes sob o prisma da epistemologia de coletivos de pensamento de Ludwic Fleck, de modo a elucidar como a evolução nas gerações X, Y e Z influenciam em novas perspectivas de aprendizagem a partir de elementos constitutivos das relações sociais e culturais. Para esse artigo considera-se que a aprendizagem escolar sofre influencia de fatores intervenientes do contexto em que vivemos, sendo esses fatores advindos principalmente da revolução artificial do homem que derivam do impacto das tecnologias de informação sobre a natureza humana (SANTOS, 2007). Mediante o pressuposto da influência da tecnologia na aprendizagem humana, seria também oportuno considerar a evolução das gerações na aprendizagem, compreendendo que os professores precisam desenvolver a capacidade do exercício do ofício por meio das hipertecnologias, tanto no sentido de superar os fatores de desigualdade e desumanização, como também em realidades voltadas a um novo mundo que surge das tecnologias e comunicação virtual. Este contexto teórico e analítico da aprendizagem será representado em diferentes estilos de pensamento, em que a gestão integrada das diferentes gerações existentes deverá ser considerada a partir de um olhar sistêmico da aprendizagem escolar, caracterizada tanto como um círculo exotérico, que seria o sistema de ensino como um todo, como também nos diferentes estilos de pensamento que formam esse sistema, alunos, professores, pais e gestores escolares, todos eles caracterizados por Fleck como de círculos esotéricos, que estando conectados e compartilhando conhecimentos precisam contribuir efetivamente na formação de novos jovens através de um trabalho colaborativo e distribuidor de informações, melhorando a prestação de serviços de organizações escolares que buscam atender os atuais contextos da hipermídia
Ludwik Fleck: Denkstile und Tatsachen. Gesammelte Schriften und Zeugnisse
No full textDer polnische Mikrobiologe und Wissenschaftstheoretiker Ludwik Fleck gilt seit langem als Klassiker der Wissenschaftstheorie und erlebt derzeit eine Renaissance, die sich durch die verschiedenen Disziplinen zieht. Die neue kommentierte Studienausgabe trägt dem Rechnung und versammelt bekannte und unbekannte Texte Flecks – zum Teil erstmals in deutscher Übersetzung – sowie biographisches Material und Briefe. Dokumentiert wird die ganze Breite von Flecks Denken und Wirken, wodurch nicht zuletzt der politische Hintergrund seiner Wissenschaftstheorie und medizinischen Praxis sichtbar wird
novel PIKFYVE mutation in fleck corneal dystrophy
No full textPurpose: To report the findings of the clinical and molecular evaluation in a Greek family with fleck corneal dystrophy (CFD).S
Ludwik Fleck: um olhar crítico sobre a(s) ciência(s)
No full textTradução: FLECK, Ludwik. Gênese e Desenvolvimento de um Fato Científico. Tradução de Georg Otte e Mariana Camilo de Oliveira. Belo Horizonte: Fabrefactum, 2010. 201 p.
Título original: Entstehung und Entwicklung einer wissenschaftlichen Tatsache: Einführung in die Lehre von Denkstil und Denkkollektiv.
Data da publicação original: 1935 (Basileia, Suíça)
Primeira edição brasileira: Fabrefactum, 2010
FIGURE 1 in A new species of the genus Aeschnosoma Selys, 1870 (Odonata: Anisoptera: Corduliidae s. s.)
No full textFIGURE 1. General view of type locality at Sítio Fênix, Presidente Figueiredo, Amazonas, Brazil: a) typical blackwater streams; b) detail of submerged tree roots where larvae hide.Published as part of Fleck, Günther & Neiss, Ulisses G., 2012, A new species of the genus Aeschnosoma Selys, 1870 (Odonata: Anisoptera: Corduliidae s. s.), pp. 47-58 in Zootaxa 3159 on page 47, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.20863
FIGURES 10–11 in Notes on the genus Navicordulia Machado & Costa, 1995 (Odonata: Anisoptera: Corduliidae s. str.): description of a new species, phylogenetic affinities and aspects of biogeography
No full textFIGURES 10–11. Metaphya elongata, Navicordulia sp, Somatochlora arctica: (10) M. elongata male pilose complex of the abdominal segment 8: a) right latero-ventral view; b) ventral view; (11) female terminal abdominal segments in left lateral view with slight dorsal component (intersegmental membrane coloured in grey): a) Navicordulia sp (French Guiana); b) M. elongata; c) S. arctica, note the reduced intersegmental membrane (plesiomorphic) and the tergite of the abdominal segment 9 non "L" shaped (plesiomorphic).Published as part of Fleck, Günther, 2017, Notes on the genus Navicordulia Machado & Costa, 1995 (Odonata: Anisoptera: Corduliidae s. str.): description of a new species, phylogenetic affinities and aspects of biogeography, pp. 251-262 in Zootaxa 4272 (2) on page 258, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4272.2.6, http://zenodo.org/record/58387
Ludwik Fleck on Proto-Ideas in Medicine
No full text'Proto-idea' was a central concept in the thinking of the Polish microbiologist and philosopher of science Ludwik Fleck (1896-1961). Based on studies of the origin of the modern concept of syphilis, Fleck claimed that many established scientific facts are best understood as interpretations of prescientific, somewhat hazy 'proto-ideas' in the framework of a certain 'thought-style'. As an example, Fleck saw the modern knowledge of infection as an interpretation of the ancient proto-idea of diseases as caused by minute 'animalcules'. However, the epistemological aspects of the concept of proto-ideas have only been sparsely developed and discussed by Fleck and his critics. This paper attempts to bridge the gap. Firstly, I reconstruct the concept of proto-ideas in the context of Fleck's constructivist theory of knowledge. Secondly, I illustrate the relation between Fleck's concept of proto-ideas and his nominalist view on medical taxonomy. Finally, I discuss four philosophical problems implied by Fleck's concept of proto-ideas: (a) the problem of combining two conflicting perspectives on the history of science (b) the problem of accounting for the notion of 'continuity' within a nonrealist theory of knowledge (c) the problem of ascribing no truth-content to proto-ideas, and (d) the problem concerning the non-neutrality of the analyst's viewpoint.</p
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