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The effectiveness of english song toward students’ speaking ability and motivation at MA Darul Ulum Palangka Raya
Full text linkThe aim of this research was to find out the The Effectiveness of English Song toward Students’ Speaking Ability and Motivation at MA Darul Ulum Palangka Raya. This research used quantitative method that belongs to experimental design. For instruments, this study used speaking test and questionnaire. The population of the study were 64 students of tenth grade at MA Darul Ulum Palangka Raya. To analyse the data, researcher used SPSS 21 program.
The result of this research showed, the students’ pre-test mean score in experiment class was 67,97 and the post-test mean score was 72,87. In contrary, the students’ pre-test mean score in control class was 71,27 and the post-test mean score was 69,43. In the end, English song is effective way to improve students’ speaking ability and motivation
According to the result, it was recommended to use English song in speaking class.
English song made the new words stay longer in their mind and help them to adapt to native speaker pronunciation. English song helped them to increase their motivation in speaking.
ABSTRAK
Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui Efektivitas Lagu Bahasa Inggris terhadap Motivasi dan Kemampuan Berbicara Siswa di MA Darul Ulum Palangka Raya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan rancangan eksperimen. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah tes berbicara dan angket. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah 64 siswa kelas X di MA Darul Ulum Palangka Raya. Untuk menganalisis data, peneliti menggunakan program SPSS 21.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai rata-rata pre-test siswa di kelas eksperimen adalah 67,97 dan nilai rata-rata post-test adalah 72,87. Sebaliknya, nilai rata-rata pre-test siswa di kelas kontrol adalah 71,27 dan nilai rata-rata post-test adalah 69,43. Lagu bahasa Inggris pada akhirnya efektif untuk meningkatkan motivasi dan kemampuan berbicara siswa.
Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, disarankan untuk menggunakan lagu berbahasa Inggris di kelas speaking. Lagu bahasa Inggris membuat kata-kata baru bertahan lebih lama di benak mereka dan membantu mereka beradaptasi dengan pengucapan penutur asli. Lagu bahasa Inggris membantu mereka meningkatkan motivasi dalam berbicara
SECONDARY METABOLITE FROM ENDOPHYTIC FUNGI <i>Chochlibus lunatus</i> OF THE RHIZOME OF TUNJUK LANGIT (<i>Helmynthostachys zaylanica</i>)
Full text linkHelmynthostachys zaylanica which is locally known as tunjuk langit is included Ophioglosaceae genus. The rhizome of tunjuk langit is traditionally used as anticancer. Chochlibolus lunatus was isolated from the tissues of tunjuk langit rhizome. Fungal strain was identified based on the characteristics of its colony and cell morphology. Chochlibolus lunatus was cultured in Potato Dextrose Broth (PDB) medium and it was then extracted using ethylacetate (EtOAc). A secondary metabolite compound was isolated from EtOAc extract. This isolation was done by chromatography technique and the structure of this compound was determined by mean of UV, IR and NMR spectroscopic technique. Isolated compound is like oil. Based on spectra analyses, we concluded that this isolated compound was 11,12,13-trimethylheksyl-2-methylhexa-2,4-dienoat
EFEK HIPOURISEMIA EKSTRAK ETANOL AKAR TUMBUHAN TUNJUK LANGIT (Helminthostachys zaylanica Linn Hook) TERHADAP MENCIT JANTAN GALUR SWISS
Full text linkTunjuk langit (Helminthostachys zeylanica) rhizome has been used as traditional medicines. i.e. anticancer and antiinflammation. Other studies revealed that the rhizome of tunjuk langit has antioxidant, anticancer, neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects. The main purpose of this research is to understand the hipouricemia potency of ethanol extract of tunjuk langit compared to that of alopurinol. In this study, 50 mice were divided into 10 groups (n=5 per group). Group I: normal group (CMC-Na 0.5% with dose of 10 mL/kg BB), Group II : negative control, Group III-VI : positive control (alopurinol with doses of 5, 10, 20 and 40 mg/kg BB) and VII-X : Ethanol extract with doses of 20, 40, 80, and 160 mg/kg BB. These groups were treated for 30 days. The uric acid level of their blood was measured on the day-0 and these groups were then inducted with a mixture of chicken liver juice (25 ml/kg BW 2 times/days) and Gnetum gnemon seeds (2g/kg BW per day) from day-0 until day-30. The blood uric acid levels were measured on the 10th and 15th days. Extract tests were orally injected to the groups with each dose starting from the 15th day until 30th day. Meanwhile, chicken liver juice was also still given constantly within these days. The uric acid level and the percentage of its degradation of each group were measured on the 20th, 25th and 30th days. Based on the in vivo study, it could be concluded that the ethanol extract of Tunjuk langit has hipouricemia potency. The hipouricemia effects of ethanol extract with doses of 80 and 160 mg/kg BW are 91.95% and 91.77% compared to those of allopurinol with doses of 20 and 40 mg/kgBW, respectively. Based on relation between percentage of the degradation uric acid level and the extract concentration, ED50 value of the extract is 135.76 mg/kg BW.Akar tumbuhan tunjuk langit (Helminthostachys zeylanica) sebagai ramuan obat tradisional diantaranya sebagai obat kanker dan mengobati radang. Beberapa penelitian membuktikan bahwa akar tumbuhan tunjuk langit menunjukkan aktivitas antioksidan, antikaker, neoroprotektif dan antiinflamasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat efek hipourikemia ekstrak etanol akar tunjuk langit terhadap kadar asam urat darah mencit yang diinduksi dengan jus hati ayam dibanding alopurinol. Penelitian ini menggunakan mencit putih jantan galur Swiss yang dibagi kedalam 10 kelompok (tiap kelompok 5 ekor) terdiri dari Kelompok I : Normal (CMC-Na 0,5% 10 mL/kg BB), Kelompok II : Kontrol negatif, Kelompok III-VI : Kontrol positif (alopurinol dengan dosis 5, 10, 20 dan 40 mg/kg BB) dan Kelompok VII-X : Ekstrak etanol dengan dosis 20, 40, 80, dan 160 mg/kg BB. Perlakuan terhadap hewan percobaan adalah selama 30 hari. Hewan uji diukur kadar asam urat serumnya pada hari ke-0 kemudian diberi jus hati ayam 25 ml/kg BB dua kali sehari ditambah melinjo (2g/kg BB perhari) dimulai dari hari ke-0 sampai hari ke 30. Pada hari ke-10 dan 15 kadar asam urat hewan uji diukur. Pada hari ke-15 sampai hari ke-30 dimulai pemberian sediaan uji per oral masing-masing dosis dengan tetap diberikan jus hati ayam. Kadar asam urat hewan uji diukur pada hari ke 20, 25 dan 30. Kemudian dihitung persentase penurunan kadar asam uratnya. Hasil uji secara in vivo menunjukkan ekstrak etanol akar tunjuk langit dosis 80 mg/kg BB memiliki potensi 91,95% dibanding alopurinol dosis 20 mg/kg BB dan ekstrak etanol dosis 160 mg/kg BB memiliki potensi 91.77% dibanding alopurinol dosis 40 mg/kgBB. Berdasarkan hubungan persen efek hipourikemia terhadap konsentrasi ekstrak aktif maka nilai ED50 ekstrak aktif adalah 135,76 mg/kg BB
A SUBCHRONIC TOXICITY TEST OF ETHANOL EXTRACT FROM TUNJUK LANGIT RHIZOME (HELMINTHOSTACHYS ZEYLANICA) ON ALBINO RATS, RATTUS NOVERTICUS (WISTAR STRAIN)
No full textObjective: Traditionally, Tunjuk langit (Helmynthostachis zaylanica) rhizome has been used as anticancer and anti-inflammation drugs; however, it may have toxic effects on major organs for a long-term continuously consecutive consumption. Therefore, this study was carried out to test sub- chronic toxicity of the ethanol extract of the rhizome on Albino rats, Rattus noverticus (Wistar strain). Methods: A total of 100 male and female rats were divided into five groups. Groups I, II, III, and IV were orally administered with ethanol extracts of 68, 136, 272, and 554 mg/kg body weight (BW), respectively. Meanwhile, Group V used as a control was no treatment with the extract. A toxic symptom has been observed by analyzing several parameters, namely BW, hematologic and biochemical properties, macroscopic organs, and relative organ weight.Results: In general, the results show that there is no any toxic symptom and statistically insignificant differences in these parameters between treated and control groups. Conclusion: We conclude that the ethanol extract of Tunjuk Langit rhizome does not have effects of subchronic toxicity.Keywords: Tunjuk langit rhizome, Ethanol extract, Subchronic toxicity.</jats:p
Islamic Song to Motivate EFL Students in Speaking Performance
Full text linkThe aim of this research was to find out the the effectiveness of English song toward students’ speaking ability and motivation at MA Darul Ulum Palangka Raya. This research used quantitative method that belongs to experimental design. For instruments, this study used speaking test and questionnaire. The population of the study were 64 students of tenth grade at MA Darul Ulum Palangka Raya. To analyse the data, researcher used SPSS 21 program. The result of this research showed, the students’ pre-test mean score in experiment class was 67,97 and the post-test mean score was 72,87. In contrary, the students’ pre-test mean score in control class was 71,27 and the post-test mean score was 69,43. In the end, English song is effective way to improve students’ speaking ability and motivation. Consequently, English song made the new words stay longer in their mind and help them to adapt to native speaker pronunciation. English song helped them to increase their motivation in speaking
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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