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Pengaruh Ekstrak Metanol Daun Insulin (Tithonia diversifolia (Hems.) A. Gray) terhadap Resistensi dan Sekresi Insulin pada Tikus Obesitas Diabetes Melitus
Full text linkRaden Edi Fitriyanto. NIM S531308028. 2013. Pengaruh Ekstrak Metanol Daun Insulin (Tithonia diversifolia (Hems.) A. Gray) terhadap Resistensi dan Sekresi Insulin pada Tikus Obesitas Diabetes Melitus. Pembimbing I: Dr.dr. Sugiarto, SpPD-KEMD., FINASIM. Pembimbing II: dr. Tonang Dwi Ardiyanto, SpPK., PhD. Program Studi Ilmu Gizi. Pascasarjana Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta. ABSTRAK Obesitas, resistensi dan kekurangan hormon insulin berhubungan dengan kejadian diabetes melitus (DM). Resistensi insulin dapat dinilai dengan indeks HOMA-IR sedangkan gangguan sekresi dengan indeks HOMA-B. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh ekstrak metanol daun insulin (Tithonia diversifolia (Hems.) A. Gray) yang mengandung flavonoid terhadap resistensi dan sekresi insulin pada tikus Wistar (Rattus novergicus) obesitas DM. Desain penelitian ini adalah randomized pre and post test control group. Sampel penelitian dibagi dalam lima kelompok secara acak yaitu; kelompok tikus sehat, kelompok tikus obesitas DM, dan tiga kelompok yang diberikan ekstrak metanol daun insulin selama 7 hari dengan variasi dosis 50, 250, dan 500 mg/kgBB. Data primer berupa rerata + SEM kadar glukosa dan insulin darah puasa, serta indeks HOMA-IR dan HOMA-B. Pemeriksaan kadar glukosa menggunakan metode GOD-PAP dan kadar insulin dengan ELISA. Perubahan data sebelum dan sesudah perlakuan dianalisa menggunakan Paired-t test. Uji beda antar kelompok menggunakan One-Way ANOVA dan Kruskal Wallis. Hasil penelitian, pada kelompok tanpa perlakuan terdapat peningkatan bermakna indeks HOMA-IR (∆0,32+0,03, p=0,001), pada kelompok perlakuan terdapat peningkatan tidak bermakna pada dosis 50 mg/kgBB (∆0,06+0,05, p=0,265) dan 250 mg/kgBB (∆0,02+0,01, p=0,078), sedangkan pada dosis 500 mg/kgBB terdapat penurunan tidak bermakna (∆0,06+0,10, p=0,600). Indeks HOMA-B meningkat bermakna pada kelompok tanpa perlakuan (∆9,32+1,75, p=0,007), pemberian ektrak dosis 50 mg/kgBB (∆17,93+1,72, p=0,001), 250 mg/kgBB (∆26,92+7,05, p=0,019), dan 500 mg/kgBB (∆13,32+3,86, p=0,026). Kesimpulan, eskstrak metanol daun insulin memberikan perubahan tidak bermakna resitensi insulin pada tikus obesitas DM, sedangkan tingkat sekresi insulin meningkat bermakna dengan pemberian ekstrak dosis 50 dan 250 mg/kgBB. Kata kunci: tikus Wistar, obesitas, diabetes melitus, daun insulin, flavonoid, indeks HOMA-IR, indeks HOMA-B. Raden Edi Fitriyanto. NIM S531308028. Effect of Insulin Leaf Methanol Extract (Tithonia diversifolia (Hems) A. Gary) on Insulin Resitance and Secretion in Diabetese Mellitus Obesity Rats. Adviser I: Dr.dr. Sugiarto, SpPD-KEMD., FINASIM. Adviser II: dr. Dwi Tonang Ardiyanto, SpPK, PhD. Thesis. Nutrition Science Study Program. Post Graduate, Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta. ABSTRACT Obesity, insulin resistance and hormonal deficiencies associated with the incidence of diabetes mellitus (DM). Insulin resistance can be assessed by HOMA-IR index while impaired insulin secretion by HOMA-B index. This study aims to determine the effect of the methanol extract of leaves of insulin (Tithonia diversifolia (Hems.) A. Gray) containing flavonoids on insulin resistance and secretion, in obese diabetic Wistar rats (Rattus novergicus). The study design is a randomized pre and post test control group. Samples were divided randomly into five groups namely; groups of healthy, obese DM rats, and three groups were given the methanol extract of insulin leaves for 7 days with each a dose of 50, 250, and 500 mg/kgBW. The primary data are the mean + SEM of glucose and insulin fasting blood levels, HOMA-IR and HOMA-B indexes. Examination of glucose level using GOD-PAP method and insulin level by ELISA. The data were analyzed using paired-t test, One-Way ANOVA and Kruskal Wallis. The results, significantly increased in HOMA-IR index (Δ0.32+0.03, p = 0.001) in the group without treatment, there were increased not significantly on the doses of 50 mg/kgBW (Δ0.06+0.05, p=0.265 ) and 250 mg/kgBW (Δ0.02+0.01, p=0.078), whereas at a dose of 500 mg/kgBW was not significantly decreased (Δ0.06+0.10, p=0.600). HOMA-B index rose significantly in the untreated group (Δ9.32+1.75, p=0.007), giving extracts dose of 50mg/kg BW (Δ17.93+1.72, p=0.001), 250 mg/kgBW (Δ26.92+7.05, p=0.019), and 500mg/kgBW (Δ13.32+ 3.86, p = 0.026). In conclusion, the methanol leaves eskstrak insulin does not provide a signifantly change of insulin resistant in obese diabetic rats, while levels of insulin secretion increased significantly with the extract doses of 50, 250 and 500 mg / kgBW. Keywords: Wistar rats, obesity, diabetes mellitus, insulin leaves, flavonoids, HOMA-IR index, HOMA-B index
Innovative Therapy for Diabetes Mellitus Based on Tithonia Diversifolia Through Pancreatic β-Cell Viability: english
No full textDiabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disease with increasing global prevalence including in Indonesia. A key factor in the pathogenesis of DM is damage to pancreatic β cells which are essential for insulin production. This study aims to determine the effect of ethanol extract of Tithonia diversifolia leaves on blood glucose levels and pancreatic β cells in DM model rats. Tithonia diversifolia contains flavonoids and polyphenols which possess antioxidant properties. These compounds may reduce the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and offer cell protection The study used a laboratory-based experimental post-test only control group design. Four groups were used: a negative control group (K); three treatment groups (P1, P2, and P3) receiving T. diversifolia ethanol extract at doses of 50, 150, and 500 mg/kg body weight/day. Each group consisted of 9 males diabetic Wistar rats induced by streptozotocin. The results showed that the administration of T. diversifolia ethanol extract at a dose of 150 mg/kgBW/day resulted in a significantly higher average pancreatic β-cell count compared to the control group and the 50 and 500 mg/kg body weight (BW)/day treatment groups
Pengaruh Yoga Terhadap Waist Hip Ratio Dalam Mengontrol Terjadinya Obesitas Sentral Pada Wanita
Full text linkYoga merupakan salah satu aktivitas fisik yang menggunakan berbagai postur untuk mengembangkan kekuatan fisik, kelenturan dan ketahanan dimana dapat digunakan sebagai latihan berintensitas sedang untuk pasien dengan kapasitas latihan terbatas sehingga lebih mudah bagi orang-orang yang inaktif secara fisik. Tujuan Penelitian yaitu untuk mengetahui pengaruh yoga terhadap waist hip ratio (WHR) pada wanita di Desa Lodadi Kecamatan Ngemplak Kabupaten Sleman Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pre–eksperimental dengan One Group Pretest - Postest Design. Subyek penelitian diperoleh dengan teknik purposive sampling di Desa Lodadi. Subyek berjumlah 30 orang. Yoga dilakukan sejak November 2018 hingga Januari 2019 setiap 2x seminggu selama 90 menit. WHR diukur dengan menggunakan meter ukur. Setelah itu data akan dianalisis dengan paired sample t-test. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan dari 30 subyek penelitian 17 peserta termasuk dalam kriteria eksklusi. Hasil analisis statistik paired sample t-test didapatkan p<0,05 yang menunjukkan perbedaan bermakna antara WHR peserta sebelum dan sesudah pelaksanaan yoga. Kesimpulan pada penelitian ini adalah Yoga dapat mempengaruhi waist hip ratio pada wanita di Desa Lodadi Kecamatan Ngemplak Kabupaten Sleman Yogyakarta
PENGUJIAN TERHADAP KADAR GAS FORMALIN DI RUANG PRAKTIKUM LABORATORIUM ANATOMI FAKULTAS KEDOKTERAN UNIVERSITAS ISLAM INDONESIA (UII) (Studi level Toksisitas Dibandingkan Dengan Standar Nilai Ambang Batas)
Full text linkFormaline solvent is widely used in life, example as a preservative cadaver in anatomy laboratory. Forma line solvent can evaporate easily, in the form of gas it should be react with mucous layer quickly, especially at respiratory tract. In human body, it is oxidated become formic acid, especially in the cells of liver and red blood. In many earlier researches, the short-term exposure caused irritation to the local mucous surface of eyes, nose and up respiratory tract. However, the long term exposure caused tumor growth in the rat nose, pulmonary t issue damage and asthma reactions in sensitive individuals. The aim of the study is to measure forma line gas concentration and comparing the result with Thresold Limit Value (TLV) that safety for health. The research is nonexsperimental study with associative analysis. The research objects were practice space, storage cadaver space and lobby of Anatomy Laboratory. The research subjects were divided into 3 phases of measurement, phase I is measurement in the athmosphere (control), phase II is measurement in practice space laboratory during activities and phase Ill is measurement in practice space laboratory with no activities. Formaline gas concentration in practice space Anatomy Laboratory is under the TLV (TLV: 0.3 ppm) with no activities. Duringactivities, it is over the TLV: in preparation space 0,99569 ppm and practise space 0,37804 ppm. Formaline gas concentration in practice space during activities is over the TLV. It is a risk to cause some health disorders, especially to user and staff of the laboratory. It need good planning of practise programs and design of anatomy laboratory based on safety
Faktor-Faktor Risiko Kejadian Bayi Berat Badan Lahir Rendah Di RSUD Wonosari Tahun 2019
Full text linkLatar Belakang: Berat badan lahir rendah masih menjadi penyebab kesakitan dan kematian pada bayi baru lahir. Kejadian bayi berat badan lahir rendah mencapai sekitar 20 juta kelahiran pertahun di seluruh dunia. Faktor risiko kejadian bayi berat badan lahir rendah antara lain usia ibu, hipertensi, umur kehamilan, jenis kelamin, paritas, jarak kehamilan, dan pendidikan ibu. Gunung Kidul pada tahun 2018 menjadi kabupaten dengan angka prevalensi tertinggi di Provinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Berdasarkan latar belakang, perlu dilakukan analisis mengenai faktor risiko kejadian bayi berat badan lahir rendah di RSUD Wonosari tahun 20z19Tujuan Penelitian: Mengetahui faktor risiko bayi berat badan lahir rendah (BBLR) di RSUD Wonosari tahun 2019. Metode Penelitian: Penelitian ini merupakan studi analitik observasional dengan desain case-control ÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂyang menggunakan data sekunder rekam medis RSUD Wonosari tahun 2019 dengan teknik purposivel sampling dimana besar sampel sejumlah 100. Analisis data dilakukan secara univariat, bivariat dan multivariat.Hasil: Analisis bivariat memperoleh hasil usia ibu (p value 0.003, OR 3.881 CI 95% 1,561-9,650), hipertensi (p value 0.000 OR 5.091 CI 95% 2,091-12,396), umur kehamilan (p value 0.000 OR 38.500 CI 95% 4,921-301,195), jenis kelamin (p value 0.548 OR 1.272 CI 95% 0,580-2,790), paritas (p value 0.001 OR 3,768 CI 95% 1.647-8.620, jarak kehamilan (p value 0.002 OR 3.841 CI 95% 1.610-9.161). Analisis multivariat memperoleh hasil usia ibu kurang dari 20 dan lebih dari atau sama dengan 35 (p value 0.034, aOR 6.147 CI 95% 1.151-32.840), ibu menderita hipertensi (p value 0.001, aOR 13.255 CI 95% 2,986-58,842), umur kehamilan kurang dari 37 minggu (p value 0.002, aOR 36,473 CI 95% 3,666-362,839), paritas 1 dan lebih dari 4 (p value 0,049, aOR 4,316 CI 95%1,007-18,490), jarak kehamilan kurang dari atau sama dengan 24 bulan (p value 0,008, aOR 14,470 CI 95% 2,036-102,818), pendidikan di bawah SMA (p value 0,000, aOR 5 ,913 CI 95% 1,402-24,94). Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan antara usia ibu kurang dari 20 dan lebih dari 35 tahun, ibu yang menderita hipertensi, umur kehamilan kurang dari 37 minggu, paritas 1 dan lebih dari 4, jarak kehamilan kurang dari atau sama dengan 24 bulan, pendidikan ibu kurang dari SMA dengan kejadian bayi berat badan lahir rendah di RSUD Wonosari tahun 2019
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Effects of methanol extracts of insulin leaves (Tithonia diversifolia (hemsl.) A. Gray) on insulin resistance and secretion of alloxan induced-obese diabetic rats
Full text linkBackground: Obesity can lead to insulin resistance contributing to diabetes mellitus (DM). Empirically, insulin leaves of Tithonia diversifolia (Hems.) A. Gray (Td) can be used as a traditional DM medicine.Objective: This study aims to determine effects of Td methanol extracts on insulin resistance and secretion in DM rats induced by a high-fat diet and alloxan.Methods: This study was a randomized pre and post-test control group. Its research subjects were divided into five groups: a normal group, an obese group with diabetes without therapy (KN), an obese group with DM treated by the Td extracts with a dose 50 mg/kg, 250 mg/kg, and 500 mg/kg. The DM obesity was induced by a high-fat diet followed by administration of alloxan with a dose of 135 mg/kg intraperitoneally. The Td extracts was administered after 7 days of DM induction by using gastric swabs. Insulin resistance in the rats was measured based on HOMA-IR index values, while their insulin secretion was based on HOMA-B values. A statistical analysis was conducted by a 95% confidence level.Results: Blood glucose levels decreased to normal levels in all the groups administered by the Td extracts, except in the KN group. The HOMA-IR index values in all groups treated by the Td extracts did not increase except in the KN group. The HOMA-B index values in groups with doses of 50 and 250 mg/kgBW experienced a higher increase and significantly differed with the KN group.Conclusion: The administration of the Td extracts with doses of 50 and 250 mg/ kgBW in the DM rats could decrease blood glucose levels, could prevent insulin resistance and could increase insulin secretion.
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