1,365,360 research outputs found
Evaluation of Paris agreement from the perspective of climate justice
No full textİklim krizi ile mücadelede karbon emisyonunun düşürülmesi ve iklim değişikliğinin olumsuz sonuçlarının azaltılması temel hedeflerdendir. Teknoloji transferi bu hedefler yolunda gelişmiş ülkelerden gelişmemiş ülkelere yeşil teknolojilerin aktarılması bakımından sıklıkla vurgulanan bir ihtiyaçtır. Çalışmamız kapsamında ilk olarak iklim krizi ile mücadelede teknoloji transferi yükümlülüğünü öngören uluslararası anlaşmaların tarihi incelenmiş, bu yönde fikri mülkiyet haklarına ilişkin korumaların teknoloji transferinin önündeki engellerden biri olduğuna yönelik tespitler açıklanmıştır. Ardından iklim krizinin patentlerin zorunlu lisanslanması kapsamına alınması ihtiyacı, ilaçların patentlenmesinde zorunlu lisanslama uygulamaları ile kıyaslanarak değerlendirilmiştir. Son bölümde ise iklim krizine ilişkin en güncel ve en kapsamlı uluslararası düzenleme olan Paris İklim Anlaşması çerçevesinde düzenlenen teknoloji transferi yükümlülüğü incelenmiş, bu kapsamda sözleşmenin üye ülkelere fikri mülkiyet düzenlemelerinde bir esnemeye gidilmesi ihtiyacının bulunmadığı tespit edilmiştir. Bu tespit yapılırken sözleşme bünyesinde yer alan diğer efektif teknoloji transferi mekanizmaları göz önünde bulundurulmuştur. Ayrıca fikri mülkiyete ilişkin güvencelerin ilgili teknolojilerin gelişim hızın ve bu alana yapılacak özel sektör yatırımlarının devamlılığını temin edilmesi açısından elzem olduğu saptanmıştır.Adaptation and mitigation are key elements of the fight against the climate crisis. Technology transfer has a huge role on these goals by expanding the green technologies from developed countries to underdeveloped ones. Our study firstly examines the history of the technology transfer that arises from international treaties and the standpoints which debates that IP rights are an obstacle to it. Subsequently, the idea of taking green technologies in the scope of compulsory licencing has been scrutinized in analogy to the current practices of compulsory licensing of the drugs. Lastly, technology transfer duty on the Paris Agreement on Climate Change, which is the latest and the most comprehensive treaty on climate change, has been analyzed critically. Streching the limits of IP protections has been found ineffective due to other adventageous technology transfer mechanisms. Finally, it has been detected that the protections arising from IPL are indispensable to safeguard the improvement of the green technologies and the corporate investments in this field
Fikri mülkiyet haklarının vergilendirilmesi
No full textFikri mülkiyet hakları genel bir tanımlama ile fikri haklar (telif hakları) ve sınai mülkiyet haklarını içerisine alan bir üst kavramdır. ABSTRACT Intellectual property rights are a broad concept that includes intellectual property (copyrights) and industrial property rights in a general definition
The Enforcement of Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) in Turkey in the EU Accession Process: A Perception Analysis of the Police Officers Dealing with IPR Crimes
No full textIntellectual property rights (IPR) has become one of the most debated issues, particularly in recent years due to its relevance and importance in the intellectual, economic and industrial fields. It is widely accepted that the protection of IPR plays a crucial role in intellectual and technological developments as well as research and development (R&D) activities.
Turkey has been a party to several international treaties and conventions in terms of protection of IPR. While IPR legislations can be traced back to the Ottoman Empire time; the proactive developments with regard to IPR issues were initially expedited within the process of the Customs Union in 1995 and then with the commencement of the European Union (EU) accession negotiations in 2005. Intellectual Property (IP) law is one of the chapters that has to be adopted in accordance with the EU legislations. Therefore, harmonisation of IP law has an important function for Turkey in the EU accession process, but also is a requirement.
In addition to the importance of legislative developments, enforcement of IPR is also essential in terms of preventing piracy and counterfeiting. Therefore, this research aims to explore the enforcement of IPR in Turkey in the EU accession process by focusing on the perceptions of the main enforcers, namely police officers dedicated to deal with IPR-related crimes. In fulfilling the identified aim, apart from the secondary sources such as documents presented in the negotiations with the EU, a questionnaire schedule was administered with the police officers with the objective of gathering primary data. After exploring and analysing various issues related to IPR crimes and its enforcement, the research explores the challenges encountered by the police officers dealing with IPR crimes and then indicates the precautions and recommendations for an effective enforcement system in the fight such crimes.
The main findings of the research indicate that, as perceived by the participants, the fight against IPR crimes should be carried out by specialised IPR units, as anti-piracy commissions are not working satisfactorily; and a single organisation should be established in order to deal with both copyright and industrial property rights. In addition, it is perceived by the majority of the respondents that legislative and administrative measures should be considered in order to overcome the problems related to IPR challenges, and there is a connection between IPR criminals and organised crime groups. Furthermore, the findings suggest that IPR education can be added to the curriculum at schools.
While the Turkish police have made considerable developments with regard to the protection of IPR issues both in administrative and enforcement aspects, the research indicates that there are further issues to be tackled to bring about a more efficient and effective IPR enforcement system in Turkey
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
PEMBAHARUAN PEMIKIRAN MODEREN DALAM ISLAM
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Sandıklılı Fikri life and divan
No full textÖZET Sandıklılı Fikri, 1844 yılında Afyon'un Sandıklı kazasında doğmuştur. Asıl adı Mehmet'tir. Sandıklı'da medrese tahsili yapmış, Arapça ve İslâmi ilimler öğrenmiştir. Öğreniminden sonra on altı yıl askerlik etmiş, Osmanlı - Rus savaşım katılmıştır. Savaş sonrası Sandıklı'ya dönmüş ve burada Nakşbendi tarikatına bağlanmıştır. Daha sonra Dinar'da öğretmen olarak çalışmış ve (1901-1902) tarihinde vefat etmiştir. Fikri'nin elimizdeki tek eseri Türkçe Divan'ıdır. Eser Afyon Arkeoloji Müzesinde muhafaza edilmektedir. Eserde 288 şiir vardır. Şiirlerin çoğunluğu, Divan edebiyatı şekillerine göre yazılmıştır. Eserdeki şiirler, dini ve tasavvuf! mahiyettedir. Şair bu konuları, daha çok, nasihat vermek amacıyla ele alır. Eser bu yönüyle incelendiği gibi, transkripsyon da edilmiştir. Bu özellikleriyle Sandıklılı Fikri, Divan edebiyatı ve Tekke edebiyatı şairlerinin tesirinde kalmış bir mutasavvıf şairdir.ABSTRACT Sandıklılı Fikri was bom in 1844 in Sandıklı for Afyon. His name is Mehmet. He was complate education in Sandıklı. He was learn Arabsh and Telam Science. After He was learn, he was do military service. He was be found warm for Ottman - Rusian. After he was turn back in Sandıklı. He was go into for Nakşbendi relligious order. After he was work a teacher. He diedin (1901-1902) in Dinar. He has got a work. It is a Turkish Divan the work is in Afyon Arkeological Museum. The poety be found in Divan 288. Fikri was more write the poetys form for Divan Literature. The work has got characteristics for religious and mysticsm. The poet was tell this subject, of advise. We examine minutelyed the work characteristics for religious and miysticsm. Sandikkli Fikri is a mystics poet. Divan Litarature and Tekke (order) Litarature affect an Sandikkli Fikri
Lütfi Fikri Beyefendi'ye
No full textTaha Toros Arşivi, Dosya No: 240-240/A-Süleyman NazifSüleyman Nazif'in Lütfi Fikri Bey'e yazdığı mektubun yer aldığı küpür
Sanat hukukunda nitelikli fikri tapuların analizi
No full textABSTRACT: The subject of this study includes the analysis of the effects of Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs), which emerged as a product of blockchain technology and gained popularity especially since 2021, on art law. In the first part of the study, the development of the art law and its subject matters are examined, followed by the definition, technological mechanisms, types, brief history, use cases, creation, trading, and the current market of Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs). In the second part of the study, the issues related to the legal definitions of Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs), important points to beware for creating and trading Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs) without violating the rights of any third party, along with selected much debated copyright law questions are discussed. Afterwards, the liability of the Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs) markets and other intermediaries in the transactions related to Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs), followed by Non- Fungible Tokens’ (NFTs) effects on important issues of art law, such as ownership, authenticity, provenance, and artists are examined. In the third and last chapter, general information on the regulation of Non- Fungible Tokens (NFTs) is provided, followed by the explanation of the interplay between Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs) with dispute resolution and tax implications. Finally, skepticism and concerns regarding the Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs) are mentioned.ÖZET: Bu çalışma, blok zincir teknolojisinin bir ürünü olarak ortaya çıkan ve özellikle 2021’den itibaren giderek popülerlik kazanan Nitelikli Fikri Tapu (NFT)’ların sanat hukukundaki etkilerinin değerlendirilmesini içermektedir. Çalışmanın ilk bölümünde, sanat hukukunun gelişimi ve odaklandığı konular incelenmiş, ardından Nitelikli Fikri Tapu (NFT)’ların tanımına, arka planındaki teknolojik mekanizmalara, çeşitlerine, kısa tarihçesine, kullanım alanlarına, oluşturulmasına ve alım satım gibi süreçlerine ilişkin bilgiler verilmiş, son olarak da mevcut Nitelikli Fikri Tapu (NFT) piyasası aktarılmıştır. Çalışmanın ikinci bölümünde, Nitelikli Fikri Tapu (NFT)’ların hukuki tanımlamalarına ilişkin hususlar tartışılmış, Nitelikli Fikri Tapu (NFT) satın almanın ifade ettiği olgulara, Nitelikli Fikri Tapu (NFT)’ların herhangi bir üçüncü tarafın hakkını ihlal etmeden oluşturulması ve satılabilmesi için dikkat edilmesi gereken hususlara ve çokça tartışılan seçilmiş telif hukukuna ilişkin sorulara yer verilmiştir. Daha sonra, Nitelikli Fikri Tapu (NFT)’lara ilişkin işlemlerde Nitelikli Fikri Tapu (NFT) pazarları ve diğer aracıların sorumluluğu tartışılmış, akabinde Nitelikli Fikri Tapu (NFT)’ların sanat hukukunda büyük önem teşkil eden sahiplik, otantiklik (authenticity), sanat eserinin geçmişi (provenance) ve sanatçıların üzerindeki etkileri incelenmiştir. Üçüncü ve son bölümde ise, Nitelikli Fikri Tapu (NFT)’ların regülasyonuna ilişkin genel bilgiler verilmiş, Nitelikli Fikri Tapu (NFT)’lar ile uyuşmazlık çözümü ve vergi sonuçları arasındaki durum aktarılmıştır. Son olarak da Nitelikli Fikri Tapu (NFT)’lara ilişkin şüpheler ve endişelerden bahsedilmiştir
Variations on the Author
No full text“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
AN EXAMINATION ON THE RESULTS OF THE ECONOMIC RIGHTS ON THE LITERARY AND ARTISTIC WORK OF THE AUTHOR AFTER DEATH
No full textBir edebiyat ve sanat eserini meydana getirenkişiye, hukuk düzenince o eser üzerinde malî ve manevî nitelikte haklar tanınmıştır. Eser sahibi tekelindebu hakları hayatta olduğu sürece dilediği gibi kullanabilir ve herkese karşı ileri sürebilir. Eser sahibininmanevî hakları devir ve intikale elverişli olmadığıhalde, malî hakların hem devri ve lisanslanmasımümkündür. Bu haklar aynı zamanda eser sahibininölümünden sonra mirasçılarına da intikal eder. Eserüzerindeki malî haklar, sahibinin ölümünden sonra 70yıl korunur ve bu süre boyunca mirasçılar bu haklardan eser sahibi gibi istifade edebilirler.Bir kimse öldüğü zaman, ona ait her türlütaşınır ve taşınmaz mallar ile sair ekonomik haklarTürk Medeni Kanun hükümlerine göre mirasçılaraintikal eder. Ancak fikri mülkiyet haklarının diğermalvarlığı haklarına göre farklı özellikler taşır. Bunedenle, kanunlarda sözkonusu hakların mirasçılaraintikali ve mirasçılarca kullanımıyla ilgili bazı özeldüzenlemelere yer verilmiştir. Bu makalede, TürkHukukuna göre bir edebiyat ve sanat eserini meydana getiren kişinin ölümü halinde, o eser üzerindekimalî hakların mirasçılara intikaline özgü boyutlarüzerinde durulmaktadır.The person who created a literary and artistic work has granted economic and moral rights on that work by law order. These rights are under the monopoly of the author and, as long as he/she is alive, can use them as he/she wish and claim them against everyone. Although the moral rights of the author are not suitable for transfer and deployment, economic rights are possible to transfer and license another person. These rights are also transferred to the heirs after the death of the author. On the other hand, economic rights on the work are protected for 70 years after the death of the author and during this period, his/her heirs can benefit from such rights as the owner of the work. When a person dies, any movable and immovable property and other economic rights belonging to him are transferred to the heirs according to the provisions of the Turkish Civil Code. If it is compared it can be seen that intellectual property rights have different characteristics than others. Therefore, the law includes some special regulations regarding the transfer and use of these rights to the heirs of author. This article focuses on the dimensions specific to the transfer of economic rights to the heirs in the event of the death of the person who created a literary and artistic work under Turkish La
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