1,721,054 research outputs found
Sensitivity and specificity of telemedicine-based long-term pulse-oximetry in comparison with cardiorespiratory polygraphy and polysomnography in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome
No full text We investigated the feasibility of night-time pulse-oximetry telemedicine. We compared polysomnography (PSG) as the gold standard with simultaneously recorded pulse-oximetry from a wrist pulse-oximeter. The results were evaluated by a sleep specialist and compared with outpatient polygraphy. A total of 135 consecutive patients (mean age 55 years, mean body mass index 31.6 kg/m2) were studied. Patients with minor, moderate and severe PSG findings were grouped together and compared to those without PSG findings; the resulting sensitivity was 1 and specificity 0.35. In addition, patients with and without minor PSG findings were grouped together and compared to those with moderate and severe PSG findings; the resulting sensitivity was 0.66 and the specificity was 0.98. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) of telemedically-evaluated oximetry was superior to that of outpatient polygraphy. In contrast, the automatic assessment of severity based on the Oxygen Desaturation Index was unsatisfactory. For patients suspected of sleep related breathing disorders (SRBD), telemedically-evaluated pulse-oximetry is able to identify those who should be referred to a sleep laboratory for definitive diagnosis and treatment. The technique appears to be suitable for first screening in all patients at risk for SRBD. </jats:p
Age estimation for disorder characterization from pediatric polysomnograms
No full texthttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100010570 Niedersächsisches Ministerium für Wissenschaft und Kulturhttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001663 Volkswagen Foundatio
Wirkung von Musik
Full text linkFragestellungen und Ziele: 1. Welche Variablen determinieren die Wahrnehmung musikalisch ausgedrückter Emotionen? 2. Welche Effekte haben musikalische Stimuli auf psychologische und physiologische Parameter und inwieweit wird diese Wirkung durch weitere Variablen beeinflusst?
Methoden: 32 ProbandInnen wurden acht Instrumentalmusikstücke dargeboten, die jeweils unterschiedliche Emotionen ausdrückten: „Wohlbefinden“, „Freude“, „Trauer“ und „Ärger“. Nach jedem Musikstück bewerteten die HörerInnen sowohl die soeben gehörte Musik als auch ihre eigene subjektive Befindlichkeit mittels standardisierter Fragebögen. Die Zeitreihen der parallel erhobenen physiologischen Parameter (Hautwiderstand, Hautpotential und Muskelaktivität) wurden mit Hilfe von Zeitreihenanalysen, biorhythmometrischer Regulationsdiagnostik und eines künstlichen neuronalen Netzes hinsichtlich der Dimensionen Aktivierung und Regulationsgüte untersucht. Die Diagnose der Regulationsgüte stellt zu den bisher überwiegend praktizierten Messungen des Erregungsgrads in periphernervösen Parametern eine wesentliche Erweiterung dar, da sie Aussagen über die Qualität der regulatorischen Vorgänge in biologischen Funktionen erlaubt.
Ergebnisse: Die durch die Musikstücke ausgedrückten Emotionen wurden von den ProbandInnen nicht nur weitgehend übereinstimmend erkannt, sondern überwiegend auch in diesen ausgelöst.
Die Untersuchung der Zusammenhänge zwischen den psychischen und physiologischen Parametern hinsichtlich der Dimensionen Aktiviertheit und (Regulations-)Güte bzw. Valenz zeigte, dass die körperlichen Reaktionen auf musikalische Inhalte mit den auftretenden emotionalen Reaktionen zwar nicht in statistisch nachweisbarem Ausmaß korrelieren, diese jedoch auf beobachtbar ähnliche Weise und mit statistisch belegbaren Veränderungen – vor allem im Hautwiderstand – widergespiegelt werden.
Zudem konnten Effekte der musikalischen Vorbildung, der musikalischen Präferenz und der emotionalen Ausgangsbefindlichkeit auf die psychische Musikwirkung nachgewiesen werden.
Ausblick: In Folgestudien könnten weitere Erkenntnisse über die objektive Messbarkeit emotionaler Befindlichkeitszustände anhand vegetativer Parameter zielgenauere Anwendungsmöglichkeiten, z. B. für die Musiktherapie, Musikmedizin oder die Musikwissenschaften ermöglichen und darüber hinaus einen wertvollen Beitrag zur sensorbasierten Messung physiologischer Parameter für die Optimierung der Mensch-Maschine-/Technik-Interaktion liefern
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Sleep apnoea in heart failure
No full textStudies from the USA have reported that sleep apnoea is common in congestive heart failure (CHF), with Cheyne-Stokes respiration (CSR) being the most frequent type of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) in these patients. Within the present study, the authors sought to assess the prevalence and type of SDB among CHF patients in Germany. A total of 203 CHF patients participated in this prospective multicentre study. All patients were stable in New York Heart Association classes II and III and had a left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) 10-h(-1), obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) occurred in 43% (n=88) and CSR in 28% (n=57) of patients. The prevalence of sleep-disordered breathing is high in patients with stable severe congestive heart failure from a European population. As sleep-disordered breathing may have a negative impact on the prognosis of congestive heart failure, a sleep study should be performed in every patient with congestive heart failure and a left ventricular election fraction of < 40%. This diagnostic approach should probably be adopted for all of these patients irrespective of the presence of sleep-related symptoms
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