60 research outputs found
Social media revolutions
No full textThis commentary explores how, despite the best efforts of social change groups, governments and marketing communications professionals, having people change their minds remains difficult. The author explores how social media served as a means for the “Arab Spring” movements in Egypt and Tunisia to communicate with Western media, thus raising the profile of the movement and keeping it top of the public, media and policy agendas. The author puts forward the idea that professional communicators should use hope instead of fear when marketing an idea.
©Journal of Professional Communication, all rights reserved
A natureza jurídica dos bens das empresas estatais brasileiras: análise da controvérsia acerca do controle dos recursos repassado
No full textThis paper analyzes the legal debate around the nature of the assets of Brazilian State-owned enterprises, triggered by a recent ruling of the Federal Supreme Court regarding the control of public resources that are transferred to private individuals, and which strictly would not be subject to public inspection. The research aims to define the nature of public goods under Brazilian legislation by examining the term public domain, and the relationship between public entities who have a private law regime and the public function of the State’s property. It also explores the scope of the control that public bodies have over State-owned enterprises, after the ruling of the Brazilian constitutional judge.O trabalho analisa a controvérsia que envolve a natureza jurídica dos bens das empresas estatais brasileiras à luz da recente jurisprudência do Supremo Tribunal Federal acerca do controle dos recursos públicos que são repassados para pessoas privadas, que a rigor não se sujeitariam à fiscalização pública. Para tanto, investiga-se a delimitação da noção de bens públicos a partir do contraste com o domínio público, da sua relação com as pessoas que embora públicas têm natureza jurídica privada, bem como, a função pública que os bens estatais assumem e o controle que se sujeitam as pessoas privadas aos órgãos públicos a partir de julgado da Corte Constitucional
Modelo de predicción del nivel de ingresos basado en modelos de procesamiento de lenguaje natural en redes sociales digitales "Twitter"
No full textLa falta de inclusión financiera en Colombia se debe en gran parte a la falta de sistemas sofisticados que puedan capturar la información de los adultos no bancarizados, dado que la legislación del país se rige por el hábeas data1 que tiene una circulación restringida de los datos personales que no son de conocimiento público. Siendo así, las redes sociales digitales se han convertido en una fuente de información útil, ya que las personas comparten ideas, opiniones, sentimientos, pensamientos y emociones a través de publicaciones. Esto hace que estas redes se conviertan en un insumo atractivo para las entidades que ofrecen servicios financieros, ya que se puede extraer información relevante para realizar un acercamiento inicial más asertivo a potenciales clientes que pueden acceder a sus productos. Este artículo propone un modelo de clasificación que permita la identificación de perfiles por niveles de ingreso (alto, medio, bajo) de una persona para el otorgamiento de créditos a partir de la información registrada en Twitter. El modelo incluye el análisis de las características léxicas y sintácticas de las publicaciones de perfiles públicos colombianos, para estimar, a partir de estos, sus características demográficas y el nivel de ingreso. En este estudio, se propone el uso de técnicas de clasificación supervisada de Machine Learning y su subconjunto de técnicas - Deep Learning - tales como regresión logística, clasificación bayesiana y basados en ensambles de árboles mediante Boosting y redes neuronales. La clasificación realizada tiene una puntuación de accuracy de 0.88 en Nivel de Ingreso, 0.4353 en Edad, 0.6544 en Género y 0.4477 en Ocupación. Estas puntuaciones se encuentran dentro del promedio y por encima de la línea base de otros trabajos relacionados con la predicción de las variables edad, género y ocupación en la red social Twitter realizados en idioma inglés.Lumon Soluciones Teconológicas y Analitica de DatosMagíster en Inteligencia Analítica para la Toma de DecisionesMaestrí
Creche como ambiente facilitador: o cuidado no contexto da educação infantil
No full textThe first year of life is a time of extreme importance regarding the development of emotional, cognitive and psychomotor aspects of human beings. This development, however, cannot be considered apart from the relationship between the baby and his caregiver. Winnicott, English pediatrician and psychoanalyst, whose theory we based this work, draws attention to the relational aspect of psychic structuring, stating that babies cannot be studied apart from interactions in which and from which they develop. The author believes that human beings are born with tendencies towards growth and development; however, they are dependent on certain favorable conditions, which he calls 'enabling environment'. This concept refers, to not only the physical environment and the care itself, but also speaks about the emotional atmosphere in which it is offered. The aim of this paper is to present a reflection on the concept of ‘enabling environment’, relating it to the care of babies up to one year of age, in the context of early childhood education. We also seek to trace care practices in different historical moments of the infant education in Brazil, drawing attention to the historical and social character of non-prestige that tasks involving care are still perceived today. The methodology used is non-systematic bibliographical research. The discussion points to the need for a redefinition of care practices in early childhood education, particularly in the nursery segments. We propose the construction of an ‘enabling environment’ is critical and should target not only babies but also educators.O primeiro ano de vida constitui um período de extrema importância no que diz respeito ao desenvolvimento dos aspectos emocionais, psicomotores e cognitivos do ser humano. Esse desenvolvimento, porém, não se dá isoladamente da relação de cuidado em que o bebê está inserido. Winnicott, pediatra e psicanalista inglês, cuja teoria tomamos por base nesse trabalho, chama atenção para o caráter relacional da estruturação psíquica ao afirmar que o bebê não pode ser estudado à parte das interações nas quais e das quais ele se desenvolve. O autor entende que o ser humano já nasce com tendências no sentido do crescimento e desenvolvimento que, no entanto, só se confirmarão dadas certas condições favoráveis, constituindo o que ele chama de ‘ambiente facilitador’. Este é entendido não somente como o ambiente físico e o cuidado em si, mas também a atmosfera afetiva no qual ele é oferecido. O objetivo desse trabalho é tecer uma reflexão sobre o conceito de ambiente facilitador no atendimento de bebês de até um ano de idade no contexto da educação infantil. Buscamos também traçar o lugar que as práticas de cuidado assumiram nos diferentes momentos históricos da creche no Brasil, chamando atenção para o caráter sócio histórico do desprestígio com que as tarefas envolvendo o cuidar são percebidas ainda hoje. A metodologia adotada é a pesquisa bibliográfica exploratória não sistemática. A discussão aponta para a necessidade de uma ressignificação das práticas de cuidado na educação infantil, principalmente nos segmentos da creche. Propomos que a construção de um ambiente facilitador é fundamental e deve ter como alvo não somente os bebês, mas também as educadoras
Direito ambiental e fato consumado: o caso dos Beach Clubs em Jurerê Internacional
No full textEsta dissertação tem como objeto principal o fato consumado no âmbito do Direito Ambiental. O STJ, em maio de 2018, manifestou-se pela não admissão da teoria do fato consumado em matéria ambiental (súmula nº 613). Pretende-se que este trabalho reúna argumentos doutrinários, normas legais e decisões judiciais no sentido de conhecer a origem, a recorrência, a utilidade e a contemporaneidade do fato consumado em matéria ambiental. Para alcançar esse fim, optou-se, no último capítulo, pela exposição do caso dos Beach Clubs localizados no bairro de Jurerê Internacional, em Florianópolis, pois entende-se que há reviravoltas, elementos e discussões extremamente pertinentes ao tema de pesquisa escolhido. Além disso, almeja-se acrescentar reflexões próprias tendo em vista que o fato consumado é tema divergente tanto na doutrina quanto na jurisprudência. Ao final, conclui-se que a súmula nº 613 não seja aplicada indistintamente para todo e qualquer tipo de caso que envolva o Direito Ambiental devendo se observar a peculiaridade de cada demanda.The main object of this dissertation is the fact accomplished in the scope of Environmental Law. In May 2018, the STJ manifested itself by not admitting the theory of the fait accompli in environmental matters (Precedent No. 613). It is intended that this work brings together doctrinal arguments, legal rules and judicial decisions in order to know the origin, recurrence, usefulness and contemporaneity of the fait accompli in environmental matters. To achieve this, in the last chapter, we opted for the presentation of the case of Beach Clubs located in the neighborhood of Jurerê Internacional, in Florianópolis, as it is understood that there are twists, turns and elements extremely relevant to the chosen research theme. In addition, we aim to add our own reflections in view of the fact that the fait accompli is a divergent theme in both doctrine and jurisprudence. In the end, it is concluded that Precedent No. 613 is not applied interchangeably to each and every type of case involving Environmental Law and the peculiarity of each demand must be observed.182 p
Arbitragem e reequilíbrio econômico-financeiro de contratos de concessão de serviços públicos
No full textO presente artigo se propõe a analisar, a partir de uma revisão doutrinária, jurisprudencial e legislativa, a utilização da arbitragem, enquanto mecanismo de heterocomposição, para a resolução de conflitos envolvendo a recomposição do equilíbrio econômico-financeiro de contratos de concessão de serviço público. Para tanto, em um primeiro momento, busca-se rememorar conceitos importantes, a partir de uma exposição sobre as concessões de serviço público, sua natureza e a equação econômico-financeira como cláusula intangível. Após, tecem-se considerações sobre a arbitragem no âmbito da Administração Pública, discorrendo-se sobre a arbitrabilidade subjetiva e, em especial, a arbitrabilidade objetiva. Ao longo dessa exposição, são apresentados os entendimentos doutrinários e jurisprudenciais acerca da matéria, bem como a legislação pertinente. Por fim, conclui-se o artigo demonstrando que o procedimento arbitral constitui mecanismo possível para a resolução de conflitos envolvendo a recomposição do equilíbrio econômico-financeiro de contratos de concessão de serviço público.The present paper proposes to analyze, from a bibliographical, jurisprudential and legislative review, the uses of arbitration, as a heterocomposition mechanism, to resolve conflicts involving the recomposition of the economic-financial balance of public services concession contracts. In that regard, at first, the paper seeks to recall important concepts, starting from an exposition about the public services concessions, their nature and the economic-financial equation as an intangible clause. Afterwards, considerations are made about arbitration in the Public Administration, addressing the subjective arbitrability and, specially, the objective arbitrability. Throughout this exposition, the bibliographical and jurisprudential understandings of the subject are introduced, as well as the pertinent legislation. Lastly, the paper concludes by demonstrating that the arbitration procedure constitutes a possible mechanism to
resolve conflicts involving the economic-financial balance of public services concession contracts34 f
Biphasic positive airway pressure minimizes biological impact on lung tissue in mild acute lung injury independent of etiology
No full textAbstract\ud
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Introduction\ud
Biphasic positive airway pressure (BIVENT) is a partial support mode that employs pressure-controlled, time-cycled ventilation set at two levels of continuous positive airway pressure with unrestricted spontaneous breathing. BIVENT can modulate inspiratory effort by modifying the frequency of controlled breaths. Nevertheless, the optimal amount of inspiratory effort to improve respiratory function while minimizing ventilator-associated lung injury during partial ventilatory assistance has not been determined. Furthermore, it is unclear whether the effects of partial ventilatory support depend on acute lung injury (ALI) etiology. This study aimed to investigate the impact of spontaneous and time-cycled control breaths during BIVENT on the lung and diaphragm in experimental pulmonary (p) and extrapulmonary (exp) ALI.\ud
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Methods\ud
This was a prospective, randomized, controlled experimental study of 60 adult male Wistar rats. Mild ALI was induced by Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide either intratracheally (ALIp) or intraperitoneally (ALIexp). After 24 hours, animals were anesthetized and further randomized as follows: (1) pressure-controlled ventilation (PCV) with tidal volume (Vt) = 6 ml/kg, respiratory rate = 100 breaths/min, PEEP = 5 cmH2O, and inspiratory-to-expiratory ratio (I:E) = 1:2; or (2) BIVENT with three spontaneous and time-cycled control breath modes (100, 75, and 50 breaths/min). BIVENT was set with two levels of CPAP (Phigh = 10 cmH2O and Plow = 5 cmH2O). Inspiratory time was kept constant (Thigh = 0.3 s).\ud
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Results\ud
BIVENT was associated with reduced markers of inflammation, apoptosis, fibrogenesis, and epithelial and endothelial cell damage in lung tissue in both ALI models when compared to PCV. The inspiratory effort during spontaneous breaths increased during BIVENT-50 in both ALI models. In ALIp, alveolar collapse was higher in BIVENT-100 than PCV, but decreased during BIVENT-50, and diaphragmatic injury was lower during BIVENT-50 compared to PCV and BIVENT-100. In ALIexp, alveolar collapse during BIVENT-100 and BIVENT-75 was comparable to PCV, while decreasing with BIVENT-50, and diaphragmatic injury increased during BIVENT-50.\ud
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Conclusions\ud
In mild ALI, BIVENT had a lower biological impact on lung tissue compared to PCV. In contrast, the response of atelectasis and diaphragmatic injury to BIVENT differed according to the rate of spontaneous/controlled breaths and ALI etiology.The authors express their gratitude to Andre Benedito da Silva for animal care, Ana Lucia Neves da Silva for help with microscopy, Moira Elizabeth Schottler and Claudia Buchweitz for assistance in editing the manuscript and MAQUET for providing technical support. This study was supported by Centers of Excellence Program (PRONEX-FAPERJ), Brazilian Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq), Rio de Janeiro State Research Supporting Foundation (FAPERJ), São Paulo State Research Supporting Foundation (FAPESP), National Institute of Science and Technology of Drugs and Medicine (INCT-INOFAR), Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Level Personnel (CAPES), and the European Community’s Seventh Framework Programme (TARKINAID, FP7-2007-2013)
Intraoperative immunomodulatory effects of sevoflurane versus total intravenous anesthesia with propofol in bariatric surgery (the OBESITA trial): Study protocol for a randomized controlled pilot trial
No full textBackground: Obesity is associated with a chronic systemic inflammatory process. Volatile or intravenous anesthetic agents may modulate immune function, and may do so differentially in obesity. However, no study has evaluated whether these potential immunomodulatory effects differ according to type of anesthesia in obese patients undergoing laparoscopic bariatric surgery. Methods/design: The OBESITA trial is a prospective, nonblinded, single-center, randomized, controlled clinical pilot trial. The trial will include 48 patients with a body mass index ≥ 35 kg/m2, scheduled for laparoscopic bariatric surgery using sleeve or a Roux-en-Y gastric bypass technique, who will be allocated 1:1 to undergo general inhalational anesthesia with sevoflurane or total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) with propofol. The primary endpoint is the difference in plasma interleukin (IL)-6 levels when comparing the two anesthetic agents. Blood samples will be collected prior to anesthesia induction (baseline), immediately after anesthetic induction, and before endotracheal extubation. Levels of other proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines, neutrophil chemotaxis, macrophage differentiation, phagocytosis, and occurrence of intraoperative and postoperative complications will also be evaluated. Discussion: To our knowledge, this is the first randomized clinical trial designed to compare the effects of two different anesthetics on immunomodulation in obese patients undergoing laparoscopic bariatric surgery. Our hypothesis is that anesthesia with sevoflurane will result in a weaker proinflammatory response compared to anesthesia with propofol, with lower circulating levels of IL-6 and other proinflammatory mediators, and increased macrophage differentiation into the M2 phenotype in adipose tissue. Trial registration: Registro Brasileiro de Ensaios Clínicos, RBR-77kfj5. Registered on 25 July 2018
Impact of pressure profile and duration of recruitment maneuvers on morphofunctional and biochemical variables in experimental lung injury
No full textObjective: To investigate the effects of the rate of airway pressure increase and duration of recruitment maneuvers on lung function and activation of inflammation, fibrogenesis, and apoptosis in experimental acute lung injury. Design: Prospective, randomized, controlled experimental study. Setting: University research laboratory. Subjects: Thirty-five Wistar rats submitted to acute lung injury induced by cecal ligation and puncture. Interventions: After 48 hrs, animals were randomly distributed into five groups (seven animals each): 1) nonrecruited (NR); 2) recruitment maneuvers (RMs) with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) for 15 secs (CPAP15); 3) RMs with CPAP for 30 secs (CPAP30); 4) RMs with stepwise increase in airway pressure (STEP) to targeted maximum within 15 secs (STEP15); and 5) RMs with STEP within 30 secs (STEP30). To perform STEP RMs, the ventilator was switched to a CPAP mode and positive end-expiratory pressure level was increased stepwise. At each step, airway pressure was held constant. RMs were targeted to 30 cm H(2)O. Animals were then ventilated for 1 hr with tidal volume of 6 mL/kg and positive end-expiratory pressure of 5 cm H(2)O. Measurements and Main Results: Blood gases, lung mechanics, histology (light and electronic microscopy), interleukin-6, caspase 3, and type 3 procollagen mRNA expressions in lung tissue. All RMs improved oxygenation and lung static elastance and reduced alveolar collapse compared to NR. STEP30 resulted in optimal performance, with: 1) improved lung static elastance vs. NR, CPAP15, and STEP15; 2) reduced alveolar-capillary membrane detachment and type 2 epithelial and endothelial cell injury scores vs. CPAP15 (p < .05); and 3) reduced gene expression of interleukin-6, type 3 procollagen, and caspase 3 in lung tissue vs. other RMs. Conclusions: Longer-duration RMs with slower airway pressure increase efficiently improved lung function, while minimizing the biological impact on lungs. (Crit Care Med 2011; 39:1074-1081)Centers of Excellence Program[PRONEX-FAPERJ-E26/110.575/2010]Brazilian Council for Scientific and Technological Development[CNPq-573555/2008-7]CNPq Brazilian Council for Scientific and Technological Development[473274/2008-6]Rio de Janeiro State Research Supporting Foundation[FAPERJ-E-26/102.910/2008]Rio de Janeiro State Research Supporting Foundation (FAPERJ)[E26/110.550/2009]Rio de Janeiro State Research Supporting Foundation (FAPERJ)[E26/110.292/2010]Rio de Janeiro State Research Supporting Foundation (FAPERJ)[E-26/111.364/2010]Sao Paulo State Research Supporting Foundation (FAPESP)Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel[CAPES-Pos-Doc SUS 062/12/2009]INCT-INOFAR[CNPq no 573.564/2008-6
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