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    INOVASI LARAS SALÉNDRO R.M.A. KOESOEMADINATA PADA ANGKLUNG PENTATONIS RAGAM LARAS

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    Angklung Pentatonis Ragam Laras (APRL) merupakan salah satu produk inovasi angklung yang diciptakan pada tahun 2017 melalui proses eksperimen oleh Endah Irawan dkk. Angklung pentatonis ragam laras (APRL) merupakan suatu anambel musik yang terdiri atas beberapa jenis instrumen yang terbuat dari bahan bambu yang secara instrumentasi menerapkan konsep kolaboratif antara orkestrasi gamelan dan musik Barat. Ansambel ini menjadi suatu inovasi baru dalam dunia seni tradisional Sunda karena memiliki pola pelarasan/ sistem tangga nada khas yang menghimpun beberapa pola pelarasan dalam karawitan Sunda yaitu Saléndro, Degung dan Madenda yang biasa terdapat pada ansambel yang berbeda–beda. Konsep laras tersebut diadaptasi dari konsep laras 15 nada R.M.A. Koesoemadinata. Tulisan ini mencoba menganalisis beberapa persoalan seputar latar belakang penciptaan angklung pentatonis ragam laras (APRL), implementasi inovasi laras Saléndro R.M.A. Koesoemadinata pada APRL dan garap, respon serta dampak inovasi laras tersebut terhadap lagu-lagu karawitan Sunda. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode campuran tipe paralel konvergen dengan menggabungkan dua jenis data penelitian yaitu data kualitatif dan kuantitatif untuk dapat menjawab rumusan masalah secara komprehensif. Sedangkan sebagai landasan konseptual, penelitian ini juga dibantu dengan teori inovasi dan konsep laras R.M.A. Koesoemadinata yang digunakan sebagai piranti analisisnya. Hasil penelitian yang dilakukan menunjukkan bahwa instrumen APRL ini termasuk pada jenis research invertorship yang dibuat dengan tujuan (1) menambah daya nilai tawar angklung Indonesia, (2) memperkaya ragam angklung Sunda yang selama ini sudah lebih dulu dikembangkan melalui angklung diatonisnya Daeng Sutigna dan Mang Udjo Ngalagena, (3) merevitalisasi angklung-angklung Sunda yang telah terpinggirkan, seperti: angklung gubrag, angklung sered, angklung barang, angklung bungko, dan angklung Sunda lainnya, (4) mengatasi kesenjangan materi pendidikan seni, dan (5) membuka peluang kerja masyarakat. Selanjutnya berdasarkan hasil analisis pola pelarasan, angklung pentatonis ragam laras yang mengadaptasi sistem pelarasan rakitan Saléndro 15 nada R.M.A. Koesoemadinata ini ternyata masih menghasilkan pola pelarasan Saléndro yang memiliki tingkat kemiripan dengan pola pelarasan Saléndro yang digunakan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Hal tersebut menunjukkan bahwa konsep laras Saléndro R.M.A.Koesoemadinata memiliki relevansi dengan kenyataan praktik di lapangan. Lebih lanjut, adaptasi laras saléndro 15 nada R.M.A. Koesoemadinata ini juga telah memberikan dampak pada garap musikal lagu-lagu Sunda yang telah di re-arransement terutama dari segi pengembangan pola tabuh dan pola melodis, modulasi laras dan surupan serta penerapan nada-nada sisipan (miring dan malang)

    Sari Oneng Parakansalak Gamelan Tuning System and Its Comparison with Machjar’s Theory

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    The research of measuring laras of Sari Oneng Parakansalak gamelan uses convergent parallel mixed methods. It attempts to find out the interval arrangement, which forms a scheme called laras system. This research give a provides clues about the existence of pelog gamelan in Sunda which is still debated until nowadays, which becomes the main reason why the writer is interested to measure the laras of Sari Oneng Parakansalak gamelan. In this research, laras theory of R.M.A. Koesoemadinata is used as the comparison to investigate what kind of laras is the laras scheme resulted from Sari Oneng Parakansalak gamelan’s interval arrangement. The result of this research is in form of persentation numbers which reveals the similarity between laras system of Sari Oneng Parakansalak gamelan and laras theory of R.M.A. Koesoemadinata. Besides giving a conclusion about the conformity between laras theory of R.M.A. Koesoemadinata and the fact found in the field, this research also informs about Sundanese pélog gamelan, which its existence is still hesitated/questioned by some Sundanese society. This study uses Da Tuner Lite which is validated with Korg Orchestral Tuner (OT-12) as the measuring instrument. The data of each waditra and the average of whole measured waditra are used to analyze the data of measurement result. From those two techniques, it can be detected that there are some waditra which are inappropriate to be used as samples. Therefore, the result of this study is taken from three waditra saron which indicates that Sari Oneng Parakansalak gamelan tends to have laras pélog djawar with its 87,19% of similarity. That result can also reveal that pélog gamelan really exists in Sundanese culture, proven by Sari Oneng Parakansalak gamelan which is made in Sumedang in 1825

    Konsep Laras Salendro R.M.A. Koeosoemadinata pada Angklung Pentatonis Ragam Laras

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    Pentatonic Angklung with variety of tunings (APRL) is one of the angklung innovation products which is created in 2017 through an experimental process by Endah Irawan et.al. Generally, it is an ansamble music consisting of several types of instruments made of bamboo. This ensemble is a recent innovation in the world of traditional Sundanese art because it has distinctive pattern / system of scales which combines several patterns of dissolution in Sundanese karawitan namely Salendro, Degung and Madenda, which are commonly found in different ensembles. This paper will present the concept of dissolution which is applied in pentatonic angklung with a variety of tunings (APRL) adapted from the concept of laras salendro by R.M.A. Koesoemadinata

    Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis

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    The present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed

    Variations on the Author

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    “Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship

    Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis

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    We provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis

    Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts

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    We conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more sophisticated methods

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    koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist

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    We have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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