23 research outputs found
Fabrication and Characterization of Poly(hydroxybutyrate)- and Poly(caprolactone)-Based Active Biodegradable Films Incorporating Allyl Isothiocyanate
No full textIn this study, in order to overcome the fragility and cost disadvantages of PHB-based films, PHB was blended with PCL. Additionally, allyl isothiocyanate (AITC) was incorporated as an active component. The resulting PHB, PCL, and PHB/PCL composite films with/without allyl isothiocyanate (AITC) prepared via the casting method were analyzed for their physicochemical, thermal, mechanical, barrier, morphological properties and antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. While neat PHB films showed the highest tensile strength (TS) of 19.82 MPa and the lowest elongation at break (EB) of 1.13%, PHB/PCL blend films exhibited lower TS (15.34 MPa) and higher EB values (21.33%). AITC addition decreased TS significantly while showing no significant impact on EB. PHB/PCL blend films had the highest water vapor permeability (WVP) values, possibly due to their increased porosity, while neat PCL- and PHB-based films showed better oxygen and water vapor barrier properties, respectively. DSC analysis showed that PHB and PCL films had a crystalline phase, while in the case of PHB/PCL blend films, both polymers maintained their characteristic melting behaviors. The addition of AITC affected the thermal stability by increasing the melting temperature of the PHB films and decreasing the melting temperature of the PCL films. SEM analyses revealed that PHB and PHB-A films had a homogeneous structure, while irregular spherical structures and cracks were also observed in PCL and PCL-A films. The incorporation of AITC into the film samples (PHB-A, PCL-A, and PHB/PCL-A) brought remarkable antimicrobial (from 16.25 mm to 37.25 mm of inhibition zones) and antioxidant activity (from 281.85 to 286.41 mg trolox equivalent/1 g film sample, as measured by CUPRAC), while no activity was observed in the control films without AITC (PHB, PCL, and PHB/PCL). In conclusion, new AITC-activated PHB-, PCL-, and PHB/PCL-based films were successfully designated with additional functionalities and showed valuable potential to be used in active biodegradable food packaging applications
Multi-response optimization and modeling of machinability indicators in the turning of duplex stainless steel
No full textDuplex stainless steels have a two-phase microstructure containing both ferritic and austenitic phases and have high strength, hardness, and corrosion resistance. However, these properties complicate chip formation during machining and make chip control difficult. Lack of chip control during the turning process negatively affects machining efficiency, quality, and safety. Inadequate chip control results in an inability to manage unwanted chip formation, especially long and tangled chips. This affects both machine operations and workpiece quality. Therefore, machining parameters need to be optimized and carefully examined to ensure chip control. The objective of this study was to detect the optimal combination of processing parameters for decreasing cutting force and surface roughness throughout the turning of AISI 2205 duplex stainless steel. To attain this goal, the experiments used the Taguchi L18 orthogonal array experimental design. Two distinct chip breaker forms of cemented carbide cutting inserts (NR4, NM4), three distinct feed rates (0.1-0.2-0.3 mm/rev), and three distinct cutting speed (180-210-240 m/min) values were used as machining parameters. As a consequence of the study, the lowest cutting force and surface roughness were obtained at NR4 insert, 0.1 mm/rev feed rate and, 210 m/min cutting speed. Using the entropy weighted-TOPSIS approach, a multi-objective optimization process was carried out for surface roughness and cutting force. As a result of the optimization approach, the sequence of experiments in which the most suitable processing parameters were obtained was determined. Anova study shows that feed rate is the most efficient parameter for both surface roughness and cutting force. To forecast processing outputs, mathematical models were constructed utilizing the response surface method. In summary, the findings from this study can contribute to the improvement of the productivity required by the industry in turning AISI 2205 duplex stainless steel
An enrichment unit on local water resources and water conservation to supplement eighth grade earth science curriculum
Get PDFCurrently, there is no written curriculum for educating students about local water resources and water conservation practices in the Glassboro Eighth Grade Earth Science Curriculum. Utilizing all available references and agencies, (federal, state and local) the author created an enrichment unit dealing with local water resources and water conservation practices to supplement the existing Eighth Grade Science Curriculum, specifically the Geology unit of the Merrill Earth Science textbook. The lessons are hands-on activities which promote critical thinking, problem solving, and cooperative learning. Though designed for a specific audience and for a specific reason, lessons in the unit can be easily adapted by any teacher to incorporate environmental education activities in their classrooms
Production and characterization of a new biodegradable fenugreek seed gum based active nanocomposite film reinforced with nanoclays
No full textIn the present work, fenugreek seed gum (FSG)/clay nanocomposite films were prepared with nanoclays (Na+ montmorillonite [MMT], halloysite [HNT] and Nanomer (R) 1.44P [NM]) at different amounts (0, 2.5, 5.0 and 7.5 g clay/100 g FSG) by solution casting method and characterized. Increasing amount of nanoclay significantly (P<0.05) improved oxygen barrier and thermal properties of the biodegradable films. Agar diffusion tests revealed that FSG based nanocomposite films exhibited strong antimicrobial properties against foodborne pathogens namely Listeria monocytogenes, Escherichia coil O157:H7, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus independently of clay type and concentration. In the case of mechanical properties, nanoclay incorporation up to 5% provided higher (P < 0.05) tensile strength (TS) properties while elongation at break (EB) values of the films significantly (P<0.05) decreased in the presence of clay in the film matrix. SEM micrographs showed that especially lower levels (up to 5%) of nanoclay reinforcements provided a homogeneous and smooth film structure. In conclusion, FSG based nanocomposite films reinforced with nanoclays up to 5% showed a precious potential to be used in antimicrobial food packaging applications. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved
Price volatility spillovers among agricultural commodity and crude oil markets: Evidence from the range-based estimator
No full textGözgör, Giray (Dogus Author)The paper examines the price volatility spillovers among the crude oil, soybeans, corn, wheat, and sugar futures markets over the period 1/1/2006–11/29/2013. We separately investigate the periods of the pre-crisis, the crisis, and the post-crisis in financial markets. We use the Yang-Zhang estimators for the historical volatility and find that there is a volatility sprawl from the crude oil to corn markets. T ere is also bi-directional causality between the corn and soybeans markets. In addition, we observe significant volatility spillovers from both the soybeans and the corn markets to the wheat markets. The results are also valid in a different sub-period analysis
Aquaculture In Turkey
Get PDFMarine and freshwater aquaculture in Turkey have grown substantially. The first trout farm was established in the 1960s and the first marine cage farm for sea bream and sea bass in 1985. From the beginning of the 1970s to 1999 the number of licensed fish farms increased from two to 1,444. Since 1995, the number of cage farms has grown to 57 and production reached 4,100 tons in 1999. Total aquaculture production grew from 3,075 tons in 1986 to 63,000 tons in 1999. Production is dominated by inland production, mainly of trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), which supplies 60% of the total.
From 1995 to 1999, marine production increased from 8,494 tons to 25,230 tons. The major contributors are sea bream (Sparus aurata) and sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax). Because of the rel- atively high temperatures in the Black Sea, Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar), cultured from the late 1980s to 1997, is no longer grown; only rainbow trout (O. mykiss) in floating net cages is produced.
Because of the growing demand caused by increased population and export, aquaculture pro- duction and consumption in Turkey are expected to grow. New fish and shellfish species, mainly marine, are being developed. The bureaucracy involved in licensing fish farms, especially in marine environments, is complicated, time-consuming, and suffers from a lack of technical knowl- edge and insufficient exchange of know-how and cooperation concerning new developments.
* Corresponding author. Present address: Istanbul Universitesi, Su Ürünleri Fakültesi, 34470 Laleli, Istanbul, Turkey; e-mail: [email protected]
Infiltration pattern predicts metastasis and progression better than the T-stage and grade in pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors: a proposal for a novel infiltration-based morphologic grading
Get PDF© 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to United States & Canadian Academy of Pathology.The advancing edge profile is a powerful determinant of tumor behavior in many organs. In this study, a grading system assessing the tumor-host interface was developed and tested in 181 pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PanNETs), 63 of which were <=2 cm. Three tumor slides representative of the spectrum (least, medium, and most) of invasiveness at the advancing edge of the tumor were selected, and then each slide was scored as follows. Well-demarcated/encapsulated, 1 point; Mildly irregular borders and/or minimal infiltration into adjacent tissue, 2 points; Infiltrative edges with several clusters beyond the main tumor but still relatively close, and/or satellite demarcated nodules, 3 points; No demarcation, several cellular clusters away from the tumor, 4 points; Exuberantly infiltrative pattern, scirrhous growth, dissecting the normal parenchymal elements, 5 points. The sum of the rankings on the three slides was obtained. Cases with scores of 3–6 were defined as \"non/minimally infiltrative\" (NI; n = 77), 7–9 as \"moderately infiltrative\" (MI; n = 68), and 10–15 as \"highly infiltrative\" (HI; n = 36). In addition to showing a statistically significant correlation with all the established signs of aggressiveness (grade, size, T-stage), this grading system was found to be the most significant predictor of adverse outcomes (metastasis, progression, and death) on multivariate analysis, more strongly than T-stage, while Ki-67 index did not stand the multivariate test. As importantly, cases <=2 cm were also stratified by this grading system rendering it applicable also to this group that is currently placed in \"watchful waiting\" protocols. In conclusion, the proposed grading system has a strong, independent prognostic value and therefore should be considered for integration into routine pathology practice after being evaluated in validation studies with larger series
Demineralized bone matrix and hydroxyapatite/tri-calcium phosphate mixture for bone healing in rats (vol 30, pg 147, 2006)
No full textThe first name of one author is missing in the published article. The
correct abbreviation: H.C. Gemalmaz
Role of Bacteriological Agents in Idiopathic Granulomatous Mastitis: Real or Not?
No full textKartal, Abdulcabbar/0000-0001-7536-3146; Dikicier, Enis/0000-0002-5074-0299; ferhatoglu, m ferhat/0000-0003-1520-7517; Dilek, Fatma Hüsniye/0000-0003-0074-6593; Dikicier, Enis/0000-0002-5074-0299;Objective: Granulomatous mastitis is a rare, benign, chronic inflammatory disease of the breast of unknown etiology. This study evaluated bacteriologic agents that might play a role in the etiology of granulomatous mastitis using a molecular method with a universal primer after isolating deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) from pathology specimens from patients diagnosed with granulomatous mastitis. Materials and Methods: Breast biopsy material in the pathology department obtained between July 2008 and June 2013 was analyzed. The history of the granulomatous mastitis patients was examined in detail and paraffin block sections of the biopsy material were used to determine the presence of bacteria with a universal DNA primer. Results: This study examined 45 granulomatous mastitis patients who had been diagnosed using excisional, incisional, or core biopsies. We evaluated multiple bacterial taxa, but obtained no positive result using a nucleic-acid-based assay with a universal primer. Conclusion: The etiology of idiopathic granulomatous mastitis remains unclear. Further studies with a large number of patients should aim to identify the causative agent
