1,720,961 research outputs found
Coming into the world: a dialogue between Medical and Human Sciences
No full textBeing born is the most “natural” event (biologically defined) and, at the same time, the most complex event. The progressive medicalization of birth has led to a decreased interest in the lived experience which accompany it. Focusing on the delivery and the way it is conducted from a medical perspective, in a positivist vision, means reduce the existential relevance of childbirth (becoming a parent and caring relationship) to a purely biological reality, to the body-as-organism rather then to the body-as-person.Being born is the most “natural” event (biologically defined) and, at the same time, the most complex event. The progressive medicalization of birth has led to a decreased interest in the lived experience which accompany it. Focusing on the delivery and the way it is conducted from a medical perspective, in a positivist vision, means reduce the existential relevance of childbirth (becoming a parent and caring relationship) to a purely biological reality, to the body-as-organism rather then to the body-as-person
The complexity of birth: the cesarean section.
No full textBeing born is the most “natural” event (biologically defined) and, at the same time, the most com x event. The progressive medicalization of birth has led to a decreased interest in the lived experience which accompany it. Focusing on the delivery and the way it is conducted from a medical perspective, in a positivist vision, means reduce the existential relevance of childbirth (becoming a parent and caring relationship) to a purely biological reality, to the body-as-organism rather then to the body-as-perso
La normale complessità del venire al mondo
No full textVenire al mondo è l’evento naturale (in senso biologico) e, al tempo stesso, complesso e straordinario. La progressiva medicalizzazione della nascita ha comportato una diminuzione di interesse verso i vissuti che l’accompagnano. Concentrare l’attenzione al parto dal punto di vista medico, secondo una visione positivista, significa ridurre la rilevanza esistenziale del mettere al mondo (del diventare genitori e delle relazioni di cura) ad una realtà meramente biologica, al corpo-organismo anziché al corpo-persona.Being born is the most “natural” event (biologically defined) and, at the same time, the most complex event. The progressive medicalization of birth has led to a decreased interest in the lived experience which accompany it. Focusing on the delivery and the way it is conducted from a medical perspective, in a positivist vision, means reduce the existential relevance of childbirth (becoming a parent and caring relationship) to a purely biological reality, to the body-as-organism rather then to the body-as-person
Developmental outcomes at one and two years of children conceived by intracytoplasmic sperm injection
No full textPresent opinions regarding developmental delay of children conceived with intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) are variable and without consensus
Psychological vulnerability of singleton children after the 'vanishing' of a co-twin following assisted reproduction
Get PDFWe test the hypothesis that parents who conceived twins by assisted reproduction technology (ART), but experienced loss of one twin, have a different parental-child relationship compared with ART parents following a singleton pregnancy. We used the 1994-2005 ART database of the Centre for Infertility of the Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova in Reggio Emilia, Italy to identify families of 53 singleton births after the 'vanishing' twin syndrome. The controls comprised 106 families who conceived and delivered singletons, matched for gestational age (≥ 28 ≤ 31, ≥ 32 ≤ 36, ≥ 37 weeks), maternal age ( 40 years), child's age (1-3, 4-6, and 7-11 years) and child's gender. We completed 3 tests: a sociodemographic questionnaire, the QUIT - Italian Questionnaires of Temperament - motor scale, and the Child Vulnerability Scale. We found that children in the study had significantly more difficulties at the beginning of nursery school (p = .002) and kindergarten (p = .0005), with more frequent anxiety of separation from the parents (nursery school, p = .009; kindergarten, p = .001). We found a lower mean QUIT motor score for the 7- to 11-year-old children when compared to the general Italian normative values, suggesting that parents perceived their children as having more motor difficulties. In contrast, analysis of the Child Vulnerability Scale showed that significantly more parents (15.1%) from the controls perceived their child as vulnerable compared to those from the study group (3.8%), p = .034. We conclude that despite the perceived motor difficulties and the difficulties in the process of individuation-separation that appear at the beginning of the different educational circumstances, parents of singletons following the 'vanishing' twin syndrome perceive their children as 'invincible', and thus less vulnerable compared to controls
Anxiety symptoms during late pregnancy and early parenthood following assisted reproductive technology
No full textObjective: To evaluate the relationship between assisted reproduction technology (ART) and anxiety symptoms during late pregnancy and early parenthood. Method: Women with ART pregnancies were prospectively compared to their partners and to women with spontaneous pregnancies. The sample of 87 subjects, 48 ART (25 mothers and 23 fathers) and 39 non-ART mothers were given the ASQ-IPAT Anxiety Scale at 30-32 weeks of gestation, and at one week and three months after delivery. Results: The main socio-demographic and obstetrical characteristics were similar between groups. ART women showed higher scores for latent anxiety than non-ART women at three months after birth and showed no difference from ART men in all assessments. Manifest anxiety scores in ART women were higher, compared to non-ART women during the third trimester of pregnancy and one week after birth and were higher in all assessments when compared to ART men. Overall level of anxiety was higher in ART women in all assessments when compared to non-ART women and higher than in ART men during the two postnatal assessments. Conclusion: We confirm the higher level of anxiety that characterizes the pregnancy-birth process in ART pregnancies. In addition, the higher manifest anxiety present before delivery and one week post-partum can be explained by the special nature of these pregnancies. Psychological support should be offered to ART patients because anxiety is an important risk factor for maternal post-partum depression and can lead to negative effects on the neonate and on child emotional and behavioral development. © 2008 by Walter de Gruyter
Depressive symptoms during late pregnancy and early parenthood following assisted reproductive technology
No full textObjective: To evaluate the relationship between assisted reproduction technology (ART) and depressive symptoms during late pregnancy and early parenthood. Design: Case-control longitudinal study. Setting: The Center of Reproductive Medicine, Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova, Reggio Emilia, Italy. Patient(s): Women who conceived by ART compared with men and compared with women following spontaneous conceptions. Intervention(s): The sample of 87 subjects, 48 ART (25 mothers, 23 fathers; response rate of 30%) and 39 non-ART mothers were evaluated by the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) at 30-32 weeks of gestation, and at 1 week and 3 months after delivery. Main Outcome Measure(s): Mean scores and prevalence of low scores. Result(s): The main sociodemographic and obstetric characteristics were similar between groups. Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale scores were higher in ART women compared with non-ART women during all assessments and higher during the third trimester of pregnancy and at 1 week postpartum compared with ART men. The prevalence of depressed subjects was significantly higher in ART women compared with non-ART women during the antenatal assessment. Conclusion(s): Assisted reproductive technology pregnancies are more frequently associated with depressive symptoms that may persist after delivery, suggesting a greater emotional vulnerability of these women. The risk of depression during and following ART pregnancies needs monitoring to avoid adverse effects of postpartum depression on the mother-infant relationship and infant's psychologic development. © 2009 American Society for Reproductive Medicine
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Parental mental representations during late pregnancy and early parenthood following assisted reproductive technology
Full text linkObjective: To evaluate the relationship between assisted reproduction technology (ART) and parental mental representations during late pregnancy and early parenthood. Study design: Women (n=25) following ART pregnancies were compared with their partners (n=23) and with women following spontaneous conceptions (n=39). Subjects were interviewed on mental representations at late gestation and three months postpartum. Results: Socio-demographic and obstetrical characteristics were similar between groups. ART women tend to decrease scores of intensity of investment from before to after delivery. During pregnancy and postpartum, ambivalent representations were more often present and well-integrated representations were less often present among ART women as compared with non-ART women. ART women had significantly more ambivalent representations that persisted at three months postpartum, and men had more disengaged representations. Conclusions: A greater desire for pregnancy exists in ART women which might not always coincide with a desire for maternity. ART men, however, manifest greater disengagement from the entire child project. © 2009 by Walter de Gruyter Berlin New York
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