1,721,018 research outputs found
Understanding the Context: Hopes and Challenges in 2011
No full textThis chapter discusses the causes of the Arab Uprisings, who took part, what people saw as the main challenges facing their country and what their hopes were. It outlines the principal explanations for the Uprisings, then uses survey data to explore people's views on key issues. We consider what we can learn from public opinion surveys about ordinary people's assumptions about the Uprisings' causes and outcomes. Data suggest that the Uprisings generated considerable optimism and keen awareness that structural problems remained acute. The chapter suggests that what drove protesters was a demand for social justice as much as for civil-political rights. It also problematises concepts such as democracy which are often discussed in scholarly and policy debates without much reference to how ordinary citizens perceive them
Unmet Challenges and Frustrated Expectations: Economic Security and Quality of Life 2011-2014
No full textThis chapter shows that people's hopes that the socio-economic and political situation would improve and that governments would address their grievances following the 2010-2011 Uprisings had not been met in 2014. The economic situation had not improved, the security situation had deteriorated and governance remained a concern. Citizens agreed that the economic situation was the main challenge facing their country: there were continuing concerns about government corruption and heightened concerns about security. As in 2011, the majority did not see authoritarianism as one of the two main challenges. Citizens in Jordan saw little prospect of improvement in the economy over the next five years. While there was limited optimism that things would improve in Egypt and Tunisia, a noticeable proportion just did not know what to expect
Political Challenges: Expectations and Changes 2011-2014
No full textThis chapter compares and combines key background information from political history and non-survey data with people's perceptions as captured in surveys, to explore trends in people's perceptions and political preferences before and after the Uprisings. This data suggest that people across all three countries are committed both to the idea of democracy and to its parliamentary institutional form, but that they have a more expansive understanding of democracy which includes social and economic rights. Furthermore, people's attitudes on the relationship between religion and politics shows that while most identify as religious and do wish to see a stronger relationship between religion and legislation, substantial majorities do not trust religious leaders and do not want them to influence voting or government decisions
Dynamics of Hydrated Polysaccharides Investigated by Elastic and Quasielastic Neutron Scattering
No full textConclusions: Resilient Authoritarianism and Frustrated Expectations
No full textThis chapter summarises the results of an analysis of empirical data conducted throughout the volume, focusing on key issues: corruption, gender, youth, trust, religion and democracy. This analysis epitomises the integrated approach to quantitative and qualitative data the volume calls for. The chapter concludes with reflections on the implications for policy and scholarship of the volume's findings, arguing for re-thinking the conception of democracy in particular, challenging existing approaches to 'uthoritarian resilience' and the excessive emphasis on a narrow approach to security and stability focused on coercive capabilities, and arguing that Arab autocracies in the wake of the Uprisings should be seen as brittle and precarious rather than strong and stable
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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