64 research outputs found
Antiarol Cinnamate and Africanoside, a Cinnamoyl Triterpene and a Hydroperoxy-cardenolide from the Stem Bark of<i>Antiaris africana</i>
No full textFrom the methanol extract of the stem bark of the African tree Antiaris africana Engler, two new bioactive metabolites were isolated, namely, the alpha-amyrin derivative 1,beta,11 alpha-dihydroxy-3 beta-cinnamoyl-alpha-amyrin (antiarol cinnamate, 1) and a cardiac glycoside, 3 beta-O-(alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl)-14 beta-hydroperoxy-5 beta-hydroxy-19-oxo-17 beta- card-20(22)-enolide (africanoside, 2a), together with the known compounds P-amyrin and its acetate, beta-sitosterol and its 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside, friedelin, ursolic and oleanolic acid, 19-norperiplogenin, strophanthidol, strophanthidinic acid, periplogenin (3a), 3-epiperiplogenin, strophanthidin (3b) and 3,3'-dimethoxy-4'-O-beta-D-xylopyronosyl-ellagic acid. Their structures were established on the basis of their spectroscopic data and by chemical methods, while 3a was additionally confirmed by X-ray crystal structure analysis. The aglycone moiety possessing a hydroperoxy group was found for the first time in cardenolides. Compounds 1 and 2a showed no activity against bacteria, fungi, and microalgae; however, the crude extract exhibited a high toxicity against Artemia sauna and a selective antitumor activity against human tumor cell lines. Africanoside (2a) effected a concentration-dependent inhibition of tumor cell growth with a mean IC(50) value of 5.3 nM.German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD
Yalán Dongo, Eduardo (2018) Semiótica del consumo. Una aproximación a la publicidad desde sus signos. Lima: Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 172 pp.
No full textSemiótica del consumo è un saggio di Eduardo Yalán Dongo, esperto di comunicazione, pubblicista, semiologo e filosofo, che attualmente insegna all'Università di Lima. In questo saggio, Yalán analizza le tendenze e i limiti del consumo attraverso una prospettiva semiotica. Il libro di Yalán è una pietra miliare per lo studio di come i discorsi pubblicitari siano inscritti nelle logiche del consumo, non solo in Perù, ma a livello globale. L'autore rivendica la posizione minore, ai margini, che la semiotica riveste all'interno del discorso del consumo. La prospettiva minore che questa disciplina possiede la rende rilevante per uno studio critico della realtà sociale da un punto di vista non egemonico.Semiotics of Consumption is a publication by Eduardo Yalán Dongo, publicist, semiotician and philosopher, who currently teaches at the University of Lima. In this essay, Yalán analyzes the trends and limits of consumption through a semiotic perspective. Yalán's book is a cornerstone for the study of how advertising discourses are inscribed in logics of consumption, not only in Peru, but globally. The author vindicates the minor position, at the margins, in which semiotics is placed within the discourse of consumption. The minor perspective that this discipline possesses makes it relevant for a critical study of social reality from a non-hegemonic point of view.Semiótica del consumo es una publicación de Eduardo Yalán Dongo, comunicador, publicista, semiólogo y filósofo, que actualmente ocupa el cargo de docente en la Universidad de Lima. En este ensayo, Yalán analiza las tendencias y los límites del consumo a través de la perspectiva semiótica. El libro de Yalán es una piedra angular para el estudio de como los discursos publicitarios se inscriben en lógicas de consumo, no solo en Perú, sino globalmente. El autor revindica la posi-ción menor, a los márgenes, en la cual se coloca la semiótica dentro del discurso del consumo. La perspectiva menor que esta disciplina posee la hace relevante para un estudio crítico de la realidad social desde un punto de vista no hegemónico
FOLKLOR DAN DIMENSI KISAH KI AGENG DONOLOYO TRADISI UMBUL DONGO DI PUNDEN DONOLOYO DALAM PERSEPSI MASYARAKAT PEMILIKNYA: KAJIAN RESEPSI SASTRA
No full textJudging from the variety of provinces in Indonesia, they also have an influence on the diversity of folklore. This is possible, because basically folklore contains meaning as a culture that is protected by its essence. This study aims to examine the folklore and dimensions contained in the story of Ki Ageng Donoloyo and the umbul dongo tradition. The place of this research was carried out in the Donoloyo Forest Nature Reserve and doubles as Punden Donoloyo. Its address is Watusomo, Watusomo Hamlet, Slogohimo District, Wonogiri Regency, Central Java Province. Primary data sources, from in-depth interviews (punden Donoloyo caretaker, village head, administrators of the Donoloyo Teak Forest Reserve, residents, teachers) and observations or observations in the Donoloyo forest nature reserve (regarding punden and the Donoloyo forest environment). The data analysis technique in this folklore study, the author uses an interactive analysis model. The results of this study contain five dimensions that arise from the existence of this folklore (the dimensions of belief or religion, culture, social, morals, and education). In essence, the reader is faced with a role in terms of providing a meaning or description through (containing space, time and socio-cultural groups). The explanation in the statement can be interpreted that a literary work can be seen from a different point of view (reviewed through reading, evaluation evaluation) by certain people.
Keywords: dimensions, folklore, tradition, umbul dongo
Elaboration of functionalized surfaces in the aim of pathogenic detection by Raman scattering
No full textL’objectif de cette thèse est de synthétiser de nouvelles surfaces spécifiques nécessaires à l’immobilisation des biomolécules ; visant à développer à terme un biocapteur pour la détection de pathogènes en industrie agroalimentaire. Cette nouvelle procédure de fonctionnalisation de surface consiste d’une part à greffer des molécules organiques sur un substrat métallique à partir d’une réaction électrochimique et d’autre part de synthétiser un monomère photopolymérisable sur tout type de surface. Ces surfaces sont enfin utilisées pour immobiliser les biomolécules. Ce procédé ainsi développé permet d’éliminer les multiples étapes, l’utilisation excessive de réactifs observés dans les protocoles classiques de fonctionnalisation de surface pour la capture de microorganismes. Deux stratégies de fonctionnalisation ont été investiguées : la polymérisation sur une plaque de platine et le dépôt de monocouche sur une surface d’or. La fonctionnalisation de surfaces ainsi que l’immobilisation de biomolécules ont été caractérisées par la spectroscopie Raman, la microbalance à cristal de quartz, la microscopie à force atomique (AFM) pour le premier et en plus la microscopie à fluorescence pour le second. Les résultats de la fonctionnalisation de surfaces par dépôt de polymère ont montré, une déstabilisation du polymère en présence de l’eau. Afin d’optimiser la synthèse, nous avons travaillé en milieu inerte, sous alumine activée. De plus, on note une large couverture de la zone spectrale des biomolécules par les signaux du polymère ; Pour le dépôt de monocouche, l’on a obtenu une surface très réactive, homogène. La diffusion Raman est la principale technique de caractérisation utilisée. Elle présente l'avantage d'être une méthode de caractérisation physico-chimique non destructive et non invasive. Longtemps délaissée dans les sciences du vivant, cette méthode apparaît maintenant particulièrement prometteuse grâce à un développement récent de spectromètres intégrés performants. La diffusion Raman sur la monocouche déposée montre une intensité accrue des signaux par l’utilisation de la surface d’or et un spectre plus dégagé conduisant à l’identification aisée des biomolécules après fixation. Elle permet non seulement d’identifier les bandes de vibrations de chaque groupement mais aussi la conformation des structures. Les résultats d’immobilisation ont montré que l’accroche des biomolécules sur les surfaces fonctionnalisées était spécifique. La fonctionnalisation de surface d’or par dépôt de monocouche constitue finalement une technique très rapide à mettre en œuvre, peu coûteuse permettant d’ancrer efficacement les biomolécules et peut être utilisée pour diverses applications. La synthèse du monomère photopolymérisable a été abordée et est en cours d’investigation.In food processing industry, detecting bacteria or viruses is crucial. Nowadays, it can be achieved with microbiological tests but, it requires several days. The objective of the project was to synthesize new specific surfaces capable of biomolecules immobilization in order to develop a biosensor for the detection of various pathogenics in food-processing industry. This new procedure of surface functionalisation consists on one hand in anchoring organic molecules on a metallic substrate by an electrochemical reaction and on the other hand to synthesize a photocrosslinkable monomer on every type of surface. These surfaces are finally used to immobilize biomolecules. Two strategies of surface functionalisation were investigated: the polymerization on a platinium surface and the deposition of monolayer on a gold surface. Both processes were characterized by spectroscopy Raman, Quartz Crystal Microbalance, Atomic Force Microscopy and Fluorescence Microscopy. The results of the functionalisation of surfaces by deposition of polymer showed a destabilization of the polymer in presence of water. To optimize the synthesis, we worked in sluggish middle, under activated alumina. Furthermore, we noted a wide coverage of the spectral zone of biomolecules by the signals of the polymer; For the monolayer deposition, we obtained a very reactive and homogeneous surface. The Raman spectroscopy was the main technique used to the characterization. It presented the advantage to be a non-destructive and non invasive physico-chemical method. This method seemed now particularly promising due to a recent development of successful integrated spectrometers. Raman Spectroscopy showed an enhanced intensity of the signals by the use of the gold surface and a more clear spectrum well-to-do identification of biomolecules after binding. It allowed not only the identification of the bands of vibrations of every connection but also the conformation of the structures. The results of the immobilization showed that the grafting of biomolecules on functionalised surfaces was specific and efficient. The functionalisation of gold surface by monolayer deposition constituted at the end an efficient and low cost technique allowing to anchor biomolecules and can be used for multitude applications. The last step consisting of the synthesis of photocrosslinkable monomer was started and still investigated
Global existence of solutions for the relativistic Boltzmann equation with arbitrarily large initial data on a Bianchi Type I space-time
No full textGlobal Properties of the Solution of the Einstein-Maxwell-Boltzmann-Scalar Field System with Pseudo-Tensor of Pressure on a Bianchi Type I Space-Time
No full textImpact of mineral and organic absorbent during the discoloration of avocado oil by comparing with olive oil
No full textAvocado is a versatile and valuable product. Its oil is comparable to olive oil in terms of nutritional quality. It can also be used in cosmetics, in particular, in soaps, shampoos and lotions. Despite all these important attributes that avocado has, it is highly perishable and coupled with the lack of farm-to-market roads, a lot of it is lost after harvest during the peak season. The introduction of methods that will transform avocado to products with a long shelf life and added value will go a long way to solving the problem of post-harvest losses and poverty. One of these methods is the production of avocado oil. In addition, in order to reduce the colour of the pigments without altering their quality, discoloration tests were carried out by adsorption on bleaching grounds (a montmorillonite, a kaolinite and activated carbon). The colour intensities of the oils before and after adsorption were determined using two complementary methods: a UV-Vis spectrophotometer and a Konica Minolta spectrophotometer CM-5. The UV-Vis spectrophotometer show that the activated carbon has a best fixing capacity of the pigments; According to the Colorimetric parameters (CIE-Lab) the coordinates L* a* b* that showed brightness (L*) of the avocado oil was half of the olive oil (41.13±0.02 vs 84.85±0.02). The activated carbon was better in fixing the red (a*) (4.99±0.01vs 15.73±0.01 before adsorption) and yellow (b*) (63.71±0.09 vs 70.07±0.09 before adsorption) pigments, while the other two adsorbents have very little influence on the red colour of avocado oil.
RésuméL’avocat est un produit versatile et de grande valeur. Son huile est comparable à huile d’olive en terme de qualité nutritionnelle ; elle peut également être utilisée en cosmétique en occurrence dans les savons, champoings et lotions. En pleine saison, l’on fait face à une abondance des avocats dans les zones de production qui sont très souvent enclavées ; c’est ainsi que face aux difficultés de transport et les routes peu praticables pour l’importation, l’on se retrouve en train de perdre de très importantes quantités d’avocats après les récoltes. Or la production d’huile d’avocats permettrait de réduire les pertes post récolte, réduirait le chômage et permettrait de lutter contre la pauvreté après la vente des huiles extraites. De plus, dans le but de réduire les pigments colorés, des tests de décolorations effectués par adsorption sur des terres décolorantes (une montmorillonite en provenance de Maroua, une kaolinite en provenance de Douala et le charbon actif) sont effectués. Les couleurs des huiles mesurées avant et après adsorption à l’aide deux appareils complémentaires : Le spectrophotomètre UV-Vis et du Konica Minolta spectrophotomètre CM-5 montrent. Les analyses spectrophotométriques UV-Vis montrent que c’est le charbon activé qui présente la meilleure adsorption des pigments ; D’après les coordonnées L*a*b*, la clarté de l’huile d’avocat est pratiquement la moitié de celle de l’huile d’olive (41,13±0,02 contre 84,85±0,02), le charbon activé fixe mieux les pigments rouges (a*) (4,99±0,01 contre 15,73±0,01 avant adsorption) et jaunes (b*) (63,71±0,09 contre 70,07±0,09 après adsorption), tandis que les deux autres adsorbants influencent très peu sur la coloration des huiles
Piaget's answer to Vygotsky: theoretical convergences and divergences
No full textNeste trabalho, ao analisar a resposta de Piaget às críticas de Vygotsky, procuramos salientar convergências e divergências teóricas básicas colocadas pelo primeiro em relação ao segundo. Para isso, num primeiro momento, analisamos os esclarecimentos de Piaget sobre a realidade do fenômeno psicológico do egocentrismo cognitivo e linguístico; num segundo momento, analisamos as relações entre as noções científicas e espontâneas na criança. Num terceiro momento, analisamos a posição diferenciada de Piaget sobre os mecanismos que explicam o desenvolvimento e progresso do conhecimento. Concluímos que, na resposta de Piaget a Vygotsky, existe clara diferenciação do seu sistema teórico.In analyzing Piaget's answer to Vygotsky's critics, in the present study we tried to emphasize the basic theoretical convergences and divergences appointed by the first author in relation to the second. With this in mind, as our first step, we analyzed Piaget's explanations about the reality of the psychological phenomenon of the linguistic and cognitive egocentrism; as our second step, we analyzed the relations between scientific concepts and which are spontaneously developed in the children. As our third step, we analyzed Piaget's different position about the mechanisms which explain the knowledge progress and development. We concluded that in Piaget's answer to Vygotsky there is a clear difference of his theoretical system.UNESP Faculdade de Filosofia e Ciências Departamento de Psicologia da EducaçãoUNESP Faculdade de Filosofia e Ciências Departamento de Psicologia da Educaçã
A formação da noção de força corporal na criança: contribuições para a educação física
No full textDe acordo com a atual Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação Nacional (Lei nº. 9394/96), a Educação Física, no âmbito educacional, deixa de ser área de atividade e passa a ser componente curricular, uma disciplina; portanto, uma área de conhecimento. Esta disciplina deve, então, possibilitar aos educandos a apropriação dos conteúdos que lhes são específicos e as relações que estes possuem com as manifestações corporais no processo de produção cultural realizado pelo homem; culminando, assim, com a estruturação e compreensão de sua motricidade. O que comumente ocorre como contexto das aulas de Educação Física, contudo, é a transposição do esporte de rendimento e “joguinhos”, com o intuito de desenvolver as habilidades físicas e de melhorar a performance do educando. Ao se pautar neste equívoco conceitual sobre esta disciplina, os professores estruturam os seus planos de aula preocupando-se somente com a recreação, socialização e cooperação. No entanto, ao observar uma aula, o que se vê é, na realidade, a atividade pela atividade. Com isso, os conteúdos, objetivos e metodologias ficam, em sua maioria, suprimidos. Para que a apropriação da motricidade seja possibilitada, tornou-se importante uma investigação de como se realiza, pelo sujeito, a estruturação e evolução de um conteúdo específico desta área: a força corporal. Para a realização deste estudo, a Epistemologia Genética de Jean Piaget foi utilizada como princípio teórico. Piaget (1973) explica como o desenvolvimento da formação da noção de força no mundo físico ocorre. Esse estudo teve por problema verificar se o processo apresentado pelo referido autor também ocorre de forma análoga no corporal. Deste modo, propôs-se uma pesquisa qualitativa em que utilizamos como instrumento investigatório duas provas baseadas em uma prova estruturada...According to the current Law of Instructions and Pleas for National Education (Law no. 9394/96), Physical Education, in the educational context, ceases to be an activity area, and becomes a curricular component, a subject, therefore, a knowledge area. Such subject should, thus, enable learners to make an appropriation of specific contents in its area of study, as well as the relations those maintain with the corporal manifestations in the cultural production process carried out by mankind, resulting, then, in the structuring and comprehension of their motricity. What commonly occurs in Physical Education class context, though, is the communication of performance sports and “games”, aiming to develop physical abilities, and improve learners’ performance. By basing themselves in such conceptual misunderstanding of the subject, teachers structure their lesson plans concerned solely about recreation, socialization, and cooperation. However, during class observation, what can be actually seen is activity for activity. With that, most contents, goals, and methodologies are omitted or abolished. So that motricity appropriation is enabled, an investigation on how the structuring and evolution of a content specific to the area, such as corporal strength, is made by the subject itself has become essential. For this study to be developed, Jean Piaget’s Genetic Epistemology was adopted. Piaget (1973) points out how the development of strength notion’s formation occurs in the physical world. This study aimed to verify if the process introduced by the referred author also occurs in an analogous way in the corporal. This way, a qualitative research, in which the copy of a test structured by Piaget (1973) was applied to forty children, was proposed. In order to check the comprehension of corporal strength notion in children, the same levels found by the author in the physical... (Complete abstract click electronic access below
Mise en oeuvre des surfaces spécifiques en vue de la détection de bactéries pathogènes par diffusion Raman
No full textL objectif de cette thèse est de synthétiser de nouvelles surfaces spécifiques nécessaires à l immobilisation des biomolécules ; visant à développer à terme un biocapteur pour la détection de pathogènes en industrie agroalimentaire. Cette nouvelle procédure de fonctionnalisation de surface consiste d une part à greffer des molécules organiques sur un substrat métallique à partir d une réaction électrochimique et d autre part de synthétiser un monomère photopolymérisable sur tout type de surface. Ces surfaces sont enfin utilisées pour immobiliser les biomolécules. Ce procédé ainsi développé permet d éliminer les multiples étapes, l utilisation excessive de réactifs observés dans les protocoles classiques de fonctionnalisation de surface pour la capture de microorganismes. Deux stratégies de fonctionnalisation ont été investiguées : la polymérisation sur une plaque de platine et le dépôt de monocouche sur une surface d or. La fonctionnalisation de surfaces ainsi que l immobilisation de biomolécules ont été caractérisées par la spectroscopie Raman, la microbalance à cristal de quartz, la microscopie à force atomique (AFM) pour le premier et en plus la microscopie à fluorescence pour le second. Les résultats de la fonctionnalisation de surfaces par dépôt de polymère ont montré, une déstabilisation du polymère en présence de l eau. Afin d optimiser la synthèse, nous avons travaillé en milieu inerte, sous alumine activée. De plus, on note une large couverture de la zone spectrale des biomolécules par les signaux du polymère ; Pour le dépôt de monocouche, l on a obtenu une surface très réactive, homogène. La diffusion Raman est la principale technique de caractérisation utilisée. Elle présente l'avantage d'être une méthode de caractérisation physico-chimique non destructive et non invasive. Longtemps délaissée dans les sciences du vivant, cette méthode apparaît maintenant particulièrement prometteuse grâce à un développement récent de spectromètres intégrés performants. La diffusion Raman sur la monocouche déposée montre une intensité accrue des signaux par l utilisation de la surface d or et un spectre plus dégagé conduisant à l identification aisée des biomolécules après fixation. Elle permet non seulement d identifier les bandes de vibrations de chaque groupement mais aussi la conformation des structures. Les résultats d immobilisation ont montré que l accroche des biomolécules sur les surfaces fonctionnalisées était spécifique. La fonctionnalisation de surface d or par dépôt de monocouche constitue finalement une technique très rapide à mettre en œuvre, peu coûteuse permettant d ancrer efficacement les biomolécules et peut être utilisée pour diverses applications. La synthèse du monomère photopolymérisable a été abordée et est en cours d investigation.In food processing industry, detecting bacteria or viruses is crucial. Nowadays, it can be achieved with microbiological tests but, it requires several days. The objective of the project was to synthesize new specific surfaces capable of biomolecules immobilization in order to develop a biosensor for the detection of various pathogenics in food-processing industry. This new procedure of surface functionalisation consists on one hand in anchoring organic molecules on a metallic substrate by an electrochemical reaction and on the other hand to synthesize a photocrosslinkable monomer on every type of surface. These surfaces are finally used to immobilize biomolecules. Two strategies of surface functionalisation were investigated: the polymerization on a platinium surface and the deposition of monolayer on a gold surface. Both processes were characterized by spectroscopy Raman, Quartz Crystal Microbalance, Atomic Force Microscopy and Fluorescence Microscopy. The results of the functionalisation of surfaces by deposition of polymer showed a destabilization of the polymer in presence of water. To optimize the synthesis, we worked in sluggish middle, under activated alumina. Furthermore, we noted a wide coverage of the spectral zone of biomolecules by the signals of the polymer; For the monolayer deposition, we obtained a very reactive and homogeneous surface. The Raman spectroscopy was the main technique used to the characterization. It presented the advantage to be a non-destructive and non invasive physico-chemical method. This method seemed now particularly promising due to a recent development of successful integrated spectrometers. Raman Spectroscopy showed an enhanced intensity of the signals by the use of the gold surface and a more clear spectrum well-to-do identification of biomolecules after binding. It allowed not only the identification of the bands of vibrations of every connection but also the conformation of the structures. The results of the immobilization showed that the grafting of biomolecules on functionalised surfaces was specific and efficient. The functionalisation of gold surface by monolayer deposition constituted at the end an efficient and low cost technique allowing to anchor biomolecules and can be used for multitude applications. The last step consisting of the synthesis of photocrosslinkable monomer was started and still investigated.LE MANS-BU Sciences (721812109) / SudocSudocFranceF
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