37 research outputs found
Fenomena Sosiologis Metamorphosis Petani: ke Arah Keberpihakan pada Masyarakat Petani di Pedesaan yang Terpinggirkan Terkait Konsep Ekonomi Kerakyatan
Get PDFEnglishThe adoption of modernization paradigm which majoring efficiency principle in agricultural development has caused the change in rural peasant social structure. The changes are especially related to farm land ownership creating the substratum of peasant, i.e., the upper and lower level of peasant. All peasant definitions are equal by its diametric and equip by each other, so that it needs a study in relation to its pattern change, interaction, and institution that historically experienced by the peasant society. The influencing development factors affecting peasant daily life should refer to the potential and the empowerment of the society. This is very important in order to adapt and sustain the development without losing the norms, values, and souls of indigenous knowledge. Ekonomi kerakyatan (people’s economy) concept represents the economic idea trying to formulate the interpretation base and the development aspiration of the people’s fairness and prosperity. This concept would become the peasant empowerment base for their prosperity and earnings improvement. Agricultural revitalization is needed to help improve people’s quality of life which could be achieved through: active participation of the society, skills development of human resource, improvement of landholdings title and agricultural productive assets on the basis of farm labor, technology and financial development, enhancement of rural organizations including self-help financial support, and improvement of agriculture resource-based development. IndonesianPenerapan paradigma modernisasi yang mengutamakan prinsip efisiensi dalam pembangunan pertanian menyebabkan terjadinya perubahan struktur sosial masyarakat petani di pedesaan. Perubahan terkait struktur pemilikan lahan pertanian, sehingga terjadi petani lapisan atas dan petani lapisan bawah. 4 dimensi pokok dalam mendefinisikan ”peasant”, yang secara diametral tidak berbeda dan saling menyempurnakan, sehingga perlu kajian perubahan pola hubungan, interaksi, institusi yang dialami oleh masyarakat petani di sepanjang sejarah. Dampak serius pelaksanaan sistem pembangunan terhadap kehidupan petani hendaknya untuk mengkaji kemungkinan dan potensi pemberdayaan petani. Tujuannya agar dapat beradaptasi dan berkelanjutan “tanpa” harus “kehilangan” norma, nilai dan jiwa indigenous knowledge. Ekonomi Kerakyatan merupakan suatu gagasan perekonomian yang mencoba merumuskan dasar interpretasi serta cita-cita pembangunan masyarakat adil dan makmur. Pertimbangan ekonomi kerakyatan dan efisiensi menjadi dasar pemberdayaan petani demi peningkatan pendapatan dan kesejahteraan mereka. Perlu revitalisasi paradigma pembangunan pertanian menjadi peningkatan kualitas hidup dan kesejahteraan petani serta pembangunan pedesaan, melalui: partisipasi aktif sebagai pemberdayaan petani dan masyarakat pedesaan; pengembangan Sumber Daya Manusia (SDM); pemerataan dan peningkatan penguasaan lahan dan asset produktif per tenaga kerja pertanian; teknologi; pembiayaan; pengembangan kelembagaan pertanian-pedesaan dan lembaga keuangan pedesaan yang mandiri, serta pengembangan basis sumberdaya pertanian
AKSELERASI INOVASI TEKNOLOGI SPESIFIK LOKASI STRATEGI PENINGKATAN PRODUKSI DI MASA PANDEMI COVID-19
No full textFood is the most basic and foremost human need, whose adequacy and quality determine the level of intelligence and quality of human resources. One of the important and strategic aspects of agriculture can be seen from the national/regional contribution (GDP/GDPR). Agriculture remains the main priority for development policies in Indonesia, especially during the Covid 19 pandemic, which is still endemic today. This paper, which is a review of various information data and related literature, aims to present various levels of technology application, levels of technical efficiency in various agro-ecosystems, which are presented in a qualitative deductive manner. The occurrence of the global financial crisis (for the short term) and climate change (for the long term) as well as national disasters (for example the Covid 19 pandemic) resulted in a weakening of the economy, especially its growth, increased unemployment, and decreased purchasing power. This condition causes access to food to decline, so that food security is predicted to be more vulnerable. It is necessary to provide technology and information according to needs, adequate government and operational policy tools, the functioning of various supporting institutions (research, extension, marketing) that are more focused and take sides in accelerating the achievement of location-specific technological innovations. This is the right strategy for fulfilling national food. Evaluation of agricultural development policies from the aspect of food institutions is needed as a strategy and measures for the accuracy of policy formulation in supporting future increases in national rice production
PENINGKATAN PERAN KOHESI DAN SOLIDARITAS SOSIAL PETANI MEDUKUNG KEBERHASILAN PENYALURAN JARING PENGAMAN SOSIAL DI MASA PANDEMI COVID19
Get PDFThe Covid19 pandemic outbreak, which is fast and widespread, has spread throughout the world and is still ongoing, greatly affecting the economy of people and life in all countries. The impact on the socio-economic life of society and the country, including increased unemployment and economic hardship. The absence of income due to disconnection / loss of livelihood sources to meet food and clothing needs is an important pillar. Apart from the economic and health sectors, it also affects the agricultural sector and related to it. This paper aims to present the active role of the government in overcoming economic difficulties and the agricultural sector through the distribution of the Social Safety Net (SSN/JPS) assistance program which is more targeted, the type of assistance and the timing of its receipt. With the qualitative descriptive method, a review of various information, literature and results of studies related to the distribution of JPS especially to small farmers during the Covid 19 pandemic is described. Various situations and conditions in society and the world tend to reflect panic not only in health, but also extending to the economic structure food security and social life which require more serious handling. The Covid-19 pandemic is a momentum that has brought various broad and multi-dimensional impacts, where normal mechanisms that rely on market mechanisms are difficult to recover. The need to empower and increase social cohesion and solidarity which are very important in maintaining cohesion between citizens and being a means of social control, accompanied by the values of altruism that have grown and developed in society must be revived as social solidarity that can strengthen social cohesion. The JPS program is a necessity that must be carried out by the government, even though it is accompanied by interventions in the smooth implementation of its distribution
EKSTENSIFIKASI AGRARIA SEKITAR HUTAN, DILEMA KEBUTUHAN LAHAN USAHATANI DAN TERPINGGIRNYA EKSISTENSI MASYARAKATNYA
Get PDFDegradation and forest damage that happened effect and illegal logging, and governmental policy failure effect in forest resource management. The failure made legitimation power base by for the sake of development project, although the loss of biggest ethics as people prosperity accomplishment risk. This paper aim to propose factors determining failure or efficacy [of] a[n public policy in forest resource management and development program. Forest management by private sector and state (HPH) in Indonesia, at be situation that very concern, because break of the rules destroyed forest. Forest domination resource rights enforcing as mastered by state, making agraria forest function have dregs from its as requirement accomplishment local society live effort for traditional agriculture. Empowerment represent goals which will be reached, which can be existed with existence participate from community forest. Community forest participate very determine failure or efficacy of public program in development policy, and represent tool to reach enableness. The importance of people forest take care and remain order to own benefit looking into people forest by holistic in order to the development program target more conducive, usable so that as base to rebuild forestry world which have destroyed, and also maintain and and function continueing forever and eve
PEMBERDAYAAN SDM PETANI DAN AKSELERASI TEKNOLOGI INOVATIF MEWUJUDKAN KECUKUPAN DAN PERTAHANAN PANGAN BERDAYASAING PASCA PANDEMI COVID19
Get PDFFood is the most basic needs of human life. The quality and adequacy are an important role in determining the quality, the level of intelligence of human resources. The increase rice production program, in sufficient quantities and at reasonable prices remains the top priority objectives and national agricultural development. With qualitative description methods, this paper aims to review and present various levels of technology application, the level of technical efficiency, and profitability of rice farming in the various agro-ecosystems. Agriculture as nationally and regionally, still important role and occupy a strategic place and remains a major priority development policy program is contribution to Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Therefore, providing the necessary strategy and information technology as needed, the existence of adequate operational policies, support the functioning of the various institutions (research, extension, marketing), as well as government policy support a more focused and aligned to accelerate the achievement of specific technological innovation. acceleration of the application of technological innovation, improvement of national rice products and productivity, can be pursued through: increasing productivity/optimizing the potential of agricultural resources; increasing planted area and land management; support for production facilities and capital; guarantee of grain prices, selling prices and marketing of grain and rice that provide production incentives; decrease in rice consumption; improvement of management, technical, data and information; and increasing the role and capacity of related institutions. Adequate operational policy tools are needed, the functioning of various supporting institutions (research, counseling, marketing), as well as government policy support that is more focused and impartial to accelerate the achievement of location-specific technological innovations. It is necessary to evaluate agricultural development policies from the aspect of food institutions, so that strategies and efforts to accurately formulate policies in support of increasing national rice production in the future
PERAN AKTIF DAN PARTISIPASI KELOMPOK TANI DALAM IMPLEMENTASI INOVASI TEKNOLOGI PADI SPESIFIK LOKASI
Get PDFThe active role and participation of farmer groups is important as a forum and strategy for empowering agricultural human resources institutions that greatly affect the availability and ease of access to innovative technology and information according to the needs of the actors involved. Using a qualitative descriptive method, this paper is a review of the results of the author's studies which aims to present the application of location-specific rice farming technology that is innovative and capable of being implemented by the producer farmers. This paper is enriched by citing several literatures, studies and other related articles. The occurrence of various changes and a decrease in people's income during and after the Covid-19 pandemic caused a decrease in purchasing power and access to food, which if sustained is predicted to result in instability and even food insecurity. Availability of active, pro-active policy instruments, and proper functioning of various supporting institutions (research, counseling, marketing), as well as government policy support that is more focused and impartial to accelerate the achievement of location-specific technological innovations. Continuous monitoring, evaluation and assistance is needed, implementation of location-specific agricultural development policy programs from the aspect of food institutions, so that strategies and policy formulation are accurate as an effort to support increasing national rice production in the future
PEMAKAIAN BIOGAS: HEMAT BIAYA BAHAN BAKAR DAN TAMBAHAN PENDAPATAN RUMAHTANGGA MENDUKUNG KETAHANAN ENERGI
Get PDFBiogas diperoleh dari hasil olahan berbagai materi berbasis pertanian-terna merupakan bioenergi terbarukan (renewable energy), solusi substitusi migas (BBM) hingga ke tingkat industri. Semakin menyusutnya minyak bumi mengharuskan akselerasi penciptaan sumber energi alternatif yang mampu memenuhi kebutuhan energi migas yang semakin meningkat seiring pesatnya pertambahan penduduk dan sektor industri. Manajemen pengolahan dan pemanfaatan limbah pertanian dan peternakan dilakukan juga untuk meminimalisir dampak negatifnya dan memaksimalkan dampak keuntungan serta tetap memperhatikan keseimbangan sistem produksi dengan lingkungan hidup (biogas tidak mengeluarkan asap). Sludge sebagai hasil ikutan merupakan biofertilizer, yang tidak lagi mengundang parasit dan biji gulma, dan pupuk alternatif solusi pencegahan berbagai dampak pencemaran logam berat pada tanah. Dengan metode deduktif kualitatif, tulisan ini bertujuan mengemukakan secara komprehensif perlunya akselerasi penggunaan biogas sebagai pemanfaatan bioenergi untuk dalam rangka mendukung ketahanan energi, pemberdayaan ekonomi dan kelembagaan. Realisasi akselerasi dan efektivitas pengaplikasian biogas sebagai sumber energi alternatif yang relatif ekonomis dan efisien, bahkan dapat menghasilkan pendapatan tambahan dari pendistribusian energi listrik yang dihasilkan biogas ke pengguna lain yang membutuhkannya. Penggunaan biogas memungkinkan pengembangan konsep zero wasted management (dalam SITT) dan pengembangan konsep pertanian berkelanjutan yang mengintegrasikan berbagai aspek sosial ekonomi masyarakat pertanian dan aspek lingkungan. Penggunaan biogas merupakan pilihan tepat sebagai bioenergi dan pupuk, serta diperolehnya keuntungan ganda (multi margin), pemberdayaan ekonomi dan kelestarian lingkungan
Pemberdayaan Wanita Mendukung Strategi Gender Mainstreaming dalam Kebijakan Pembangunan Pertanian di Perdesaan
No full text<strong>English</strong><br />Modernization paradigm in the implementation of agricultural development has caused various changes in rural society, namely changes in social life, culture, politic, and especially economic structure in rural areas. This phenomenon also caused trend of disintegration and discrimination in “labor division” between male and female in various fields which could potentially set aside or even eliminate the important productive function of woman. This article is aimed at the description of many thoughts and ideas (by theory) about the role and the opportunity of woman who work in agriculture and repositioning the strategy of gender mainstream within the rural agricultural development policies. The double role of women is clearly indicating the importance of the double sources of income for a household. Women potentials, either as a housewife or as an individual of agricultural worker is the important factor to determine the success of gender mainstreaming strategy. The empowerment is suggested through applied and innovative technology, protection of working woman, improvement of training and extension activities, enhancement of regulations, facility support, increasing wage rate, and household industry skill development. Job opportunity is suggested to balance between male and female and encourage woman to participate in various development activities. With this, the gender mainstreaming strategy would improve household welfare in rural areas. <br /><br /><br /><strong>Indonesian</strong><br />Paradigma modernisasi dalam pelaksanaan pembangunan pertanian yang mengutamakan prinsip efisiensi, secara nyata telah mengakibatkan terjadinya berbagai perubahan pada masyarakat petani, baik struktur sosial, budaya dan politik terutama pada struktur ekonomi di perdesaan. Hal tersebut juga menimbulkan gejala desintegrasi dan diskriminasi dalam “pembagian kerja” antara pria dan wanita di berbagai bidang, yang dikhawatirkan dapat meminggirkan bahkan menghilangkan fungsi produksi kaum wanita. Makalah ini bertujuan mengemukakan berbagai pemikiran (teoritis) tentang peran dan peluang wanita tani, serta memposisikan kembali strategi pengarusutamaan gender (gender mainstreaming) dalam strategi kebijakan pembangunan pertanian di perdesaan. Peran ganda wanita tani membuktikan sangat penting dan strategisnya pola nafkah ganda, sebagai upaya meningkatkan pendapatan. Potensi wanita tani, sebagai isteri dan ibu rumah tangga, merupakan faktor penting penentu keberhasilan strategi pengarusutamaan gender tersebut. Pemberdayaan perlu dilakukan melalui teknologi tepat guna dan inovatif, perlindungan terhadap tenaga kerja wanita, meningkatkan efektifitas penyuluhan dan pelatihan, perbaikan regulasi, fasilitas, dan tingkat upah, pelatihan dan pembinaan ketrampilan industri rumahtangga. Kesempatan kerja agar berimbang antar gender dan mengikutsertakan mereka dalam segala kegiatan pembangunan. Pemberdayaan wanita melalui strategi pengarusutamaan jender (gender mainstreaming), untuk mewujudkan kesejahteraan rumah tangga petani di perdesaan.</jats:p
PERTAHANKAN DIVERSIFIKASI ASAL PANGAN POKOK SEBAGAI STRATEGI PENCAPAIAN KETAHANAN DAN PERTAHANAN PANGAN NASIONAL
Get PDFSovereignty, security and household food defense are defined as the entire population obtaining and being able to consume sufficient food in quantity, quality, nutritious and affordable. The poverty and hunger alleviation policy program is closely related to the fulfillment of the economy and the food needs of the community. Farming and livestock food production aims to meet the needs of the community and as a source of income for the actors involved. Downstream, it is influenced by the availability of safe, nutritious and affordable food along with the community's ability to earn income. The policy is national, affecting sovereignty, food security and defense as well as the sustainability of agricultural development in a wider range, not just production and productivity. With a qualitative descriptive, this paper proposes the empowerment of human resources and agricultural institutions as a strategy for achieving and increasing food sovereignty, security and defense related to aspects of availability and diversification. It is a fact that poverty and hunger are closely related to sovereignty, food security and defense, which is an unfinished agenda. Considering the potential of natural resources, labor, and the environment in rural areas, it is very supportive of the development of agriculture and animal husbandry by integrating an integrated crop-livestock system, both organic and locally specific. Sovereignty, food security and defense can be realized through the function of infrastructure for food supply, distribution and consumption, by business actors in production (producers to post-harvest), distribution and services as well as managing food and nutrition diversification. The importance of adequate food reflects the achievements of the national development policy program, although its sustainability will still be a necessity
Remitans Bekerja Dari Luar Negeri Dan Diversifikasi Usaha Rumahtangga Di Pedesaan
No full textAgriculture sector still the important role, evaluated from contribution to PDB, labour absorbtion, and foreign exchange non migas, so that competent given high priority in development strategic policy in Indonesia. There’re tendency change over farmer economic activity to non-farm sector which generally non-formal such the household diversified. Become TKI represent fenomenal, where its remittance is big really able to improve household earnings and assist environmental development financial in origin area. Diversify the household effort tend to able to improve household earnings which conducting it. Make a negative correlation to diversified index with agricultural sector compartment, but have the positive correlation to non-agriculture earnings compartment. At farmer household example follow in Indramayu, found relative sliver correlate between the household effort diversifiedly and family head education. But, the tend to less tight correlate with the household earning level. Less tight relationship among owner and farm cultivation (enterpasing), household member of age work, mount education, and mount household earnings. In Pontianak, generally found not differently condition than Indramayu. The tend to less tight relationship between household member in concerned, owner and cultivation farm, mount education and earnings heights. Even Entropy Index analysis show not tight relationship between diversified by household effort and earning improvement; but from qualitative analyse the data tabulation and empirical perception in spacious, the effort diversified done by example household able to improve earning it. This matter is influenced by: 1) earning level of household member from an area of just effort compared to some member to other earnings, dissimiliar household, when which at the same time; 2) a household member earnings from some effort area at one blow, higher exactly compared to some household member earnings differ from some effort area. Then, diversifying the household effort as earnings source more instruct at non-farm activity caused able to improve high earnings relative. Mount expenditure compare diametrical with storey; earning level of the examples of farmer household. Economic growth manifestly dynamics and change of opportunity work structure influenced, do well by change of labour composition according to employment, status and work type perception too. The important that’s shall awake government, especially pasca of economic crisis, on decided the agriculture important role, as source of subsistence means on rural resident, expectation of labour absorbtion stability
