218 research outputs found
Wetting of real surfaces De Gruyter studies in mathematical physics ;, 19./ Edward Yu. Bormashenko.
No full textIn English.Includes bibliographical references and index.The revealing of the phenomenon of superhydrophobicity (the "lotus-effect") has stimulated an interest in wetting of real (rough and chemically heterogeneous) surfaces. In spite of the fact that wetting has been exposed to intensive research for more than 200 years, there still is a broad field open for theoretical and experimental research, including recently revealed superhydrophobic, superoleophobic and superhydrophilic surfaces, so-called liquid marbles, wetting transitions, etc. This book integrates all these aspects within a general framework of wetting of real surfaces, where physical and chemical heterogeneity is essential. Wetting of rough/heterogeneous surfaces is discussed through the use of the variational approach developed recently by the author. It allows natural and elegant grounding of main equations describing wetting of solid surfaces, i.e. Young, Wenzel and Cassie-Baxter equations. The problems of superhydrophobicity, wetting transitions and contact angle hysteresis are discussed in much detail, in view of novel models and new experimental data. The second edition surveys the last achievements in the field of wetting of real surfaces, including new chapters devoted to the wetting of lubricated and gradient surfaces and reactive wetting, which have seen the rapid progress in the last decade. Additional reading, surveying the progress across the entire field of wetting of real surfaces, is suggested to the reader. Contents What is surface tension? Wetting of ideal surfaces Contact angle hysteresis Dynamics of wetting Wetting of rough and chemically heterogeneous surfaces: the Wenzel and Cassie Models Superhydrophobicity, superhydrophilicity, and the rose petal effect Wetting transitions on rough surfaces Electrowetting and wetting in the presence of external fieldsNonstick droplets Wetting of lubricated surfaces.Frontmatter -- Preface to the second edition -- Preface to the first edition -- Symbol Index -- Contents -- 1. What is surface tension? -- 2. Wetting of ideal surfaces -- 3. Contact angle hysteresis -- 4. Dynamics of wetting -- 5. Wetting of rough and chemically heterogeneous surfaces: the Wenzel and Cassie Models -- 6. Superhydrophobicity, superhydrophilicity, and the rose petal effect -- 7. Wetting transitions on rough surfaces -- 8. Electrowetting and wetting in the presence of external fields -- 9. Nonstick droplets -- 10. Wetting of lubricated surfaces -- 11. Reactive wetting -- Index1 online resourc
Physics of wetting: phenomena and applications of fluids on surfaces De Gruyter graduate./ Edward Yu. Bormashenko.
No full textIn English.Includes bibliographical references and idnex.Motivated by a plethora of phenomena from nature, this textbook introduces into the physics of wetting of surfaces. After a brief discussion of the foundations of surface tension, its implementation for floating objects, capillary waves, bouncing droplets, walking of water striders, etc. is discussed. Furthermore, Marangoni flows, surface tension inspired instabilities, condensation and evaporation of droplets, liquid marbles, superhydrophobicity and superoleophobicity (lotus effect) are introduced. All relevant concepts are illustrated by the numerous qualitative and quantitative exercises. ContentsWhat is surface tension?Wetting of surfaces: the contact angleSurface tension-assisted floating of heavy and light objects and walking of water stridersCapillary interactions between particles. Particles placed on liquid surfaces. Elasticity of liquid surfaces, covered by colloidal particlesCapillary wavesOscillation of dropletsMarangoni flow and surface instabilitiesEvaporation of droplets. The Kelvin and the coffee-stain effectsCondensation, growth and coalescence of droplets and the breath-figure self-assemblyDynamics of wetting: bouncing, spreading and rolling of droplets (water hammer effect - water entry and drag-out problems)Superhydrophobicity and superoleophobicity: the Wenzel and Cassie wetting regimesThe Leidenfrost effect. Liquid marbles: self-propulsionPhysics, geometry, life and death of soap films and bubbles.Preface; Contents; Symbol index; 1. What is surface tension?; 2. Wetting of surfaces: the contact angle; 3. Surface tension-assisted floating of heavy and light objects and walking of water striders; 4. Capillary interactions between particles. Particles placed on liquid surfaces. Elasticity of liquid surfaces, covered by colloidal particles; 5. Capillary waves; 6. Oscillation of droplets; 7. Marangoni flow and surface instabilities; 8. Evaporation of droplets. The Kelvin and the coffee-stain effects; 9. Condensation, growth and coalescence of droplets and the breath-figure self-assembly10. Dynamics of wetting: bouncing, spreading and rolling of droplets (water hammer effect -- water entry and drag-out problems)11. Superhydrophobicity and superoleophobicity: the Wenzel and Cassie wetting regimes; 12. The Leidenfrost effect. Liquid marbles: self-propulsion; 13. Physics, geometry, life and death of soap films and bubbles; Index1 online resource (xxii, 232 pages)
Physics of solid–liquid interfaces: from the Young equation to the superhydrophobicity (Review Article)
No full textThe state-of-art in the field of physics of phenomena occurring at solid/liquid interfaces is presented. The notions of modern physics of wetting are introduced and discussed including: the contact angle hysteresis, disjoining pressure and wetting transitions. The physics of low temperature wetting phenomena is treated. The general variational approach to interfacial problems, based on the application of the transversality conditions to variational problems with free endpoints is presented. It is demonstrated that main equations, predicting contact angles, namely the Young, Wenzel, and Cassie–Baxter equations arise from imposing the transversality conditions on the appropriate variational problem of wetting. Recently discovered effects such as superhydrophobicity, the rose petal effect and the molecular dynamic of capillarity are reviewed.The author is indebted to Dr. Whyman for his
longstanding fruitful cooperation in the study of wetting
phenomena. His critique and numerous remarks definitely
improved the text. I am thankful to Professor R. Pogreb for
his contribution in understanding of diversity of wetting
phenomena. I want to thank my numerous MSc and PhD
students for their research activity and allegiance to a spirit
of scientific research. I am grateful to Mrs. Al. Musin for
her kind help in editing the review. I am especially indebted
to my wife Yelena Bormashenko for her inestimable
help in preparing this review. I am greatly thankful to Mrs.
Hanna Weiss for her valuable help in English editing of
this review
Physics of solid–liquid interfaces: from the Young equation to the superhydrophobicity (Review Article)
No full textThe state-of-art in the field of physics of phenomena occurring at solid/liquid interfaces is presented. The notions of modern physics of wetting are introduced and discussed including: the contact angle hysteresis, disjoining pressure and wetting transitions. The physics of low temperature wetting phenomena is treated. The general variational approach to interfacial problems, based on the application of the transversality conditions to variational problems with free endpoints is presented. It is demonstrated that main equations, predicting contact angles, namely the Young, Wenzel, and Cassie–Baxter equations arise from imposing the transversality conditions on the appropriate variational problem of wetting. Recently discovered effects such as superhydrophobicity, the rose petal effect and the molecular dynamic of capillarity are reviewed.The author is indebted to Dr. Whyman for his
longstanding fruitful cooperation in the study of wetting
phenomena. His critique and numerous remarks definitely
improved the text. I am thankful to Professor R. Pogreb for
his contribution in understanding of diversity of wetting
phenomena. I want to thank my numerous MSc and PhD
students for their research activity and allegiance to a spirit
of scientific research. I am grateful to Mrs. Al. Musin for
her kind help in editing the review. I am especially indebted
to my wife Yelena Bormashenko for her inestimable
help in preparing this review. I am greatly thankful to Mrs.
Hanna Weiss for her valuable help in English editing of
this review
Physics of solid–liquid interfaces: from the Young equation to the superhydrophobicity (Review Article)
No full textThe state-of-art in the field of physics of phenomena occurring at solid/liquid interfaces is presented. The notions of modern physics of wetting are introduced and discussed including: the contact angle hysteresis, disjoining pressure and wetting transitions. The physics of low temperature wetting phenomena is treated. The general variational approach to interfacial problems, based on the application of the transversality conditions to variational problems with free endpoints is presented. It is demonstrated that main equations, predicting contact angles, namely the Young, Wenzel, and Cassie–Baxter equations arise from imposing the transversality conditions on the appropriate variational problem of wetting. Recently discovered effects such as superhydrophobicity, the rose petal effect and the molecular dynamic of capillarity are reviewed.The author is indebted to Dr. Whyman for his
longstanding fruitful cooperation in the study of wetting
phenomena. His critique and numerous remarks definitely
improved the text. I am thankful to Professor R. Pogreb for
his contribution in understanding of diversity of wetting
phenomena. I want to thank my numerous MSc and PhD
students for their research activity and allegiance to a spirit
of scientific research. I am grateful to Mrs. Al. Musin for
her kind help in editing the review. I am especially indebted
to my wife Yelena Bormashenko for her inestimable
help in preparing this review. I am greatly thankful to Mrs.
Hanna Weiss for her valuable help in English editing of
this review
The Landauer Principle: Re-Formulation of the Second Thermodynamics Law or a Step to Great Unification?
No full textThe Landauer principle quantifies the thermodynamic cost of the recording/erasure of one bit of information, as it was stated by its author: “information is physical” and it has an energy equivalent. In its narrow sense, the Landauer principle states that the erasure of one bit of information requires a minimum energy cost equal to kBT ln2, where T is the temperature of a thermal reservoir used in the process and k B is Boltzmann’s constant. The Landauer principle remains highly debatable. It has been argued that, since it is not independent of the second law of thermodynamics, it is either unnecessary or insufficient as an exorcism of Maxwell’s demon. On the other hand, the Landauer principle enables the “informational” reformulation of thermodynamic laws. Thus, the Landauer principle touches the deepest physical roots of thermodynamics. Authors are invited to contribute papers devoted to the meaning, interpretation, physical roots, experimental verification and applications of the Landauer principle. Papers devoted to the quantum and relativity aspects of the Landauer principle are encouraged
Breath-Figure Self-Assembly, a Versatile Method of Manufacturing Membranes and Porous Structures: Physical, Chemical and Technological Aspects
No full textThe review is devoted to the physical, chemical, and technological aspects of the breath-figure self-assembly process. The main stages of the process and impact of the polymer architecture and physical parameters of breath-figure self-assembly on the eventual pattern are covered. The review is focused on the hierarchy of spatial and temporal scales inherent to breath-figure self-assembly. Multi-scale patterns arising from the process are addressed. The characteristic spatial lateral scales of patterns vary from nanometers to dozens of micrometers. The temporal scale of the process spans from microseconds to seconds. The qualitative analysis performed in the paper demonstrates that the process is mainly governed by interfacial phenomena, whereas the impact of inertia and gravity are negligible. Characterization and applications of polymer films manufactured with breath-figure self-assembly are discussed
Fibonacci Sequences, Symmetry and Order in Biological Patterns, Their Sources, Information Origin and the Landauer Principle
No full textPhysical roots, exemplifications and consequences of periodic and aperiodic ordering (represented by Fibonacci series) in biological systems are discussed. The physical and biological roots and role of symmetry and asymmetry appearing in biological patterns are addressed. A generalization of the Curie–Neumann principle as applied to biological objects is presented, briefly summarized as: “asymmetry is what creates a biological phenomenon”. The “top-down” and “bottom-up” approaches to the explanation of symmetry in organisms are presented and discussed in detail. The “top-down” approach implies that the symmetry of the biological structure follows the symmetry of the media in which this structure is functioning; the “bottom-up” approach, in turn, accepts that the symmetry of biological structures emerges from the symmetry of molecules constituting the structure. A diversity of mathematical measures applicable for quantification of order in biological patterns is introduced. The continuous, Shannon and Voronoi measures of symmetry/ordering and their application to biological objects are addressed. The fine structure of the notion of “order” is discussed. Informational/algorithmic roots of order inherent in the biological systems are considered. Ordered/symmetrical patterns provide an economy of biological information, necessary for the algorithmic description of a biological entity. The application of the Landauer principle bridging physics and theory of information to the biological systems is discussed
Rotating Minimal Thermodynamic Systems
No full textMinimal rotating thermodynamic systems are addressed. Particle m placed into the rotating symmetrical double-well potential (bowl), providing binary logical system is considered. The condition providing the transfer of the particle from one frictionless half-well to another, and, in this way, the possibility to record 1 bit of information is derived. The procedure of recording turns out to be irreversible; it is impossible to return the particle to its initial state under rotation about the same axis. The same rotating double-well system exerted to the thermal noise is considered. A minimal rotating thermal engine built of the rotating chamber, movable partition, and the particle confined within the chamber is treated. Rotation of the system displaces the partition, thus enabling erasing of one bit information. Erasing of 1 bit of information is due to the inertia (centrifugal force) acting on the partition. Isothermal expansion of the “minimal gas” expectedly gives rise to the Landauer bound. Compression of the “gas” with the rotation around the same axis is impossible and demands the additional axis of rotation. The interrelation between the possibility of recording/erasing information and the symmetry of the system is considered
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