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YouTube™ quality as a source for parent education about the oral hygiene of children
No full textAmaç Erken çocukluk çağı çürükleri çocuklarda en sık görülen kronik hastalıktır ve görülme sıklığının yüksek olması nedeniyle dünya çapında bir sağlık sorunudur. Ağız hijyenini korumak, önleme yolunda ilk adımdır; ebeveyn eğitimi ağız sağlığını etkileyen önemli bir faktördür. İnternetin bir bilgi kaynağı olarak artan popülaritesi, mevcut bilgilerin güvenilirliğinin ve kalitesinin değerlendirilmesi ihtiyacını doğurmuştur. Bu çalışmanın amacı, çocuklara yönelik ağız hijyeni prosedürlerine ilişkin YouTube videolarını incelemek ve bunları ebeveynleri eğitme aracı olarak kullanışlılıkları açısından değerlendirmektir.
Yöntemler "Çocuk dişlerini fırçalama" anahtar kelimeleri kullanılarak YouTube'da bir arama yapıldı. Video uzunlukları, yükleme tarihleri, toplam görüntüleme sayıları, beğeniler, beğenmemeler ve yorumlar toplandı. Daha sonra görüntüleme oranları ve etkileşim oranları hesaplandı. İki diş hekimi, eklenen videoların içerik açısından kullanışlılığını bağımsız olarak değerlendirdi.
Sonuçlar Dahil edilen 90 videonun çoğunluğu (%68,8) sağlıkla ilgili profesyoneller veya web siteleri tarafından yüklenmiştir. Videoların çoğunun orta derecede faydalı olduğu (%45,6) ve daha küçük bir yüzdesinin (%31,1) biraz faydalı olduğu bulundu. Çok faydalı videoların yüzdesi %17,8 oldu. Videoların çoğunda diş fırçalama sırasında ebeveyn denetimi vurgulanırken (%77,7), en az ise ebeveynlerin modellik için diş fırçalamasının önemine (%15,5) değinildi.
Sonuçlar YouTube videoları ebeveyn eğitimi için yararlı bir kaynak olarak kullanılabilir. Ancak halk sağlığı ve ağız sağlığı profesyonellerinin verdiği eğitimin kalitesinin artırılmasına ihtiyaç vardır.Objectives Early childhood caries is the most common chronic disease of children and a worldwide health problem due to its high prevalence. Maintaining oral hygiene is the first step towards prevention, with parental education being a key factor influencing oral health. The increasing popularity of the Internet as an information source has led to the need to evaluate the reliability and quality of existing information. The aim of the present study was to review YouTube videos on oral hygiene procedures for children and to assess them in terms of their usefulness as a means of educating parents.
Methods A search of YouTube was performed using the keywords "child tooth brushing." Video lengths, dates of upload, numbers of total views, likes, dislikes and comments were collected. Viewing rates and interaction rates were then calculated. Two dentists independently evaluated the included videos' usefulness in terms of their content.
Results The majority of the 90 included videos (68.8%) were uploaded by health-related professionals or websites. Many of the videos were found to be moderately useful (45.6%), with a smaller percentage found to be slightly useful (31.1%). The percentage of very useful videos was 17.8%. Parental supervision during brushing was highlighted in most of the videos (77.7%), while the importance of parents' brushing for modelling (15.5%) was mentioned the least.
Conclusions YouTube videos can be used as a useful source for parental education. However, there is a need to improve the quality of the education provided by public health and oral health professionals
How prenatal environmental factors affect rat molar enamel formation?
Get PDFAmelogenin (AMELX) ve ameloblastin (AMBN) emaye oluşumu için çok önemlidir ve bu proteinlerin üretimindeki kesintiler emaye kusurlarına neden olabilir. Doğum öncesi çevresel faktörlerin (kronik stres, bisfenol A (BPA), amoksisilin ve lipopolisakkarit (LPS)) AMELX ve AMBN ameloblast üretimini nasıl etkilediğini araştırdık. On beş hamile Sprague-Dawley sıçanı dört deney grubuna ve bir kontrol grubuna ayrıldı. Kronik stres grubundaki sıçanlar, E18 gününden doğuma kadar 12:12 ışık/ışık döngüsüne (LL) maruz bırakıldı. BPA grubu sıçanlara E1 gününden doğuma kadar günde 5 µg/kg BPA oral olarak uygulandı. Amoksisilin grubu sıçanlara E18 gününden doğuma kadar günde 100 mg/kg amoksisilin enjekte edildi. LPS enfeksiyonu grubu sıçanlarına E18 gününde bir kez 125 µg/kg bakteriyel LPS enjekte edildi. Kontrol grubundan yedi yavruya ve deney grubundan on yavruya P10'da ötenazi uygulandı. Ameloblast aşamalarında boyama yoğunluğunu değerlendirmek için kesitler hematoksilen ve eozin (H&E) ve Gomori'nin tek adımlı trikrom boyaması (GT) ile boyandı ve AMELX ve AMBN'ye karşı tavşan poliklonal antikorları ile inkübe edildi. Yüzey morfolojisi stereomikroskopla değerlendirildi. Tüm grupların AMELX (p = 0,008, p = 0,0001, p = 0,009) ve AMBN (p = 0,002, p = 0,001, p = 0,0001) boyaması, salgı, geçiş ve geçiş gruplarında kontrol grubuna göre anlamlı derecede düşüktü. Tüm deney gruplarının H&E ve GT boyama kesitlerinde anormal mine matriks oluşumu, morfolojik değerlendirmede amoksisilin grubunda sarımsı renklenme gözlendi.Amelogenin (AMELX) and ameloblastin (AMBN) are crucial for enamel formation, and interruptions in the production of these proteins may cause enamel defects. We investigated how prenatal environmental factors (chronic stress, bisphenol A (BPA), amoxicillin, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)) affect AMELX and AMBN production of ameloblasts. Fifteen pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four experimental groups and a control group. Chronic-stress group rats were exposed to a 12:12 light/light cycle (LL) from day E18 until delivery. BPA group rats were orally administered 5 mu g/kg BPA daily from day E1 until delivery. Amoxicillin group rats were injected 100 mg/kg amoxicillin daily from day E18 until delivery. LPS-infection group rats were injected 125 mu g/kg bacterial LPS once on day E18. Seven pups from the control group and ten pups from the experimental groups were euthanized on P10. Sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and Gomori\"s one-step trichrome staining (GT) and incubated with rabbit polyclonal antibodies to AMELX and AMBN, to evaluate staining intensity at ameloblast stages. The surface morphology was evaluated with a stereomicroscope. AMELX (p = 0.008, p = 0.0001, p = 0.009) and AMBN (p = 0.002, p = 0.001, p = 0.0001) staining of all groups were significantly lower than that of the control group in the secretory, transitional, and maturation stages. Abnormal enamel matrix formation was observed in the H&E and GT staining sections of all experimental groups. Yellowish coloration of the amoxicillin group was observed in morphologic evaluation
Dental Travmanın Gelişen Dentisyona Etkileri
Get PDFDental yaralanmalar ve bu yaralanmaların sonuçları her yıl çok sayıda çocuğu etkilemektedir. Söz konusu
yaralanmalar, bebeklik döneminden çocukluğa geçişte düşmeler veya çeşitli cisimlere çarpmalar sebebiyle oluşabilmektedir. Altı yaş altı çocuklarda, ağız bölgesi en sık yaralanan ikinci alan olmasına rağmen,
bu yaralanmaların daimi dişe uzun dönem etkileri hakkında sınırlı bilgi bulunmaktadır. Gelişmekte olan
daimi dişler, travmadan direk olarak etkilenebilmekte ve çeşitli seviyelerde hasarlar gösterebilmektedir.
Bazı vakalarda, oluşan gelişimsel bozukluklar ancak dişin sürmesinden sonra tespit edilebilmektedir. Bu
sebeple, dental yaralanmaya maruz kalan hastaların uzun dönem takibi önem arz etmektedir. Çocuklarda
meydana gelen travmaların gelişen dentisyonu etkileyen sonuçları ile ilgili diş hekimlerinin rolü, söz konusu travmaların çocuklara etkisinin farkında olmak, aileye ve sağlık çalışanlarına rehberlik etmek, takip
randevularına önem vermek, gerekli durumlarda teşhis ve tedavi için pedodontist ve ortodontistler ile
konsültasyon yapmaktır.Dental injuries and their consequences affect a large number of children each year. These injuries caused
by falls or being struck by or against objects occurs in children through infancy and childhood, The longterm implications on the developing permanent teeth are little known, even when the oral region is the
second most frequently injured body area in children under 6 years of age. Developing permanent teeth
may be directly affected by trauma and show various levels of damage. For this reason, long-term followup of patients exposed to dental injuries is crucial. The role of dentists regarding the consequences of
traumas in children affecting the developing dentition is to be aware of the impact of these traumas on
children, to guide the family and healthcare professionals, to give importance to follow-up appointments,
to consult with pedodontists and orthodontists for diagnosis and treatment when necessar
Comparison of three different biomaterials used in in vitro molar apexification models
Get PDFAmaçlarYeni biyomateryallerin, tek adımlı apeksifikasyon yönteminde geleneksel MTA'ya göre karıştırılması ve daha kolay uygulanması gibi bazı avantajları vardı. Bu çalışma, olgunlaşmamış azı dişlerinin apeksifikasyon tedavisinde kullanılan üç biyomateryali, harcanan süre, kanal dolgusunun kalitesi ve işlemi tamamlamak için çekilen röntgen sayısı açısından karşılaştırmayı amaçladı.YöntemlerÇıkartılan otuz dişin kök kanalları Azı dişleri döner aletlerle şekillendirildi. Apeksifikasyon modelini elde etmek için retrograd ProTaper F3 kullanıldı. Dişler, apeksi kapatmak için kullanılan malzemeye göre rastgele üç gruba ayrıldı; Grup 1: Pro Root MTA, Grup 2: MTA Flow, Grup 3: Biodentine. Dolgu miktarları, tedavi tamamlanana kadar çekilen radyografi sayısı ve tedavi süresi kaydedildi. Daha sonra kanal dolgusunun kalitesinin değerlendirilmesi amacıyla mikro bilgisayarlı tomografi görüntüleme için dişler tespit edildi.SonuçlarBiodentine'in zamana göre diğer dolgu malzemelerine göre üstün olduğu görüldü. MTA Flow, meziobukkal kanallar için sıralama karşılaştırmasında diğer dolgu malzemelerine göre daha fazla dolum hacmi sağladı. MTA Flow, palatinal/distal kanallarda ProRoot MTA'ya göre daha yüksek dolum hacmine sahipti (p = 0,039). Biodentine, meziolingual/distobukkal kanallarda MTA Flow'dan daha fazla dolum hacmine sahipti (p = 0,049).SonuçlarMTA Flow, tedavi süresi ve kök kanal dolgularının kalitesine göre uygun bir biyomateryal olarak bulundu.ObjectivesNew biomaterials had some advantages such as mixing and easier application as compared to traditional MTA in single step apexification method. This study aimed to compare the three biomaterials used in the apexification treatment of immature molar teeth in terms of the time spent, the quality of the canal filling and the number of x-rays taken to complete the process.MethodsThe root canals of the extracted thirty molar teeth were shaped with rotary tools. To obtain the apexification model, ProTaper F3 was used retrograde. The teeth were randomly assigned into three groups based on the material used to seal the apex; Group 1: Pro Root MTA, Group 2: MTA Flow, Group 3: Biodentine. The amounts of the filling, the number of radiographs taken until treatment completion and the treatment duration were recorded. Then teeth were fixed for micro computed tomography imaging for quality evaluation of canal filling.ResultsBiodentine was superior to the other filling materials according to time. MTA Flow provided greater filling volume than the other filling materials in the rank comparison for the mesiobuccal canals. MTA Flow had greater filling volume than ProRoot MTA in the palatinal/distal canals(p = 0.039). Biodentine had greater filling volume more than MTA Flow in the mesiolingual/distobuccal canals (p = 0.049).ConclusionsMTA Flow was found as a suitable biomaterial according to the treatment time and quality of root canal fillings
Accessibility to dental services by immigrant and refugee children residing in Turkey
Get PDFBackground: Turkey is hosting the world's largest immigrant population under temporary and international protection. Due to the social inequalities contributing to early childhood dental caries, the effectiveness of dental care service for immigrant children should be evaluated. Aim: To evaluate the accessibility of immigrant and refugee children residing in four different regions of Turkey to oral health products and dental treatment services. Design: A questionnaire consisting of 21 questions was administered: The first six questions elicited demographic data, and the remaining 15 questions asked about oral health habits, access to oral hygiene materials, and dental treatment services. Participants included the parents of 430 children under the age of 18, who were registered with migrant associations in the regions where they lived (Istanbul, Samsun, Hatay, or Ankara). Results: The majority of the participants were from Syria and Iraq. Of the participants, 42.1% reported that their children's oral hygiene habits had changed negatively after they migrated, 71.9% reported that they had not been to the dentist in the last year, and 82.8% reported that they had not been to the dentist for more than 12months. Access to oral and dental hygiene products was not difficult for 68.4%. About 62.6%, however, reported that they had difficulty accessing dental treatment. Conclusion: The findings showed that this disadvantaged group had difficulty accessing dental treatment. Therefore, there is a need for national and international health strategies to ensure that immigrant and refugee children have effective access to dental treatment
In vitro evaluation of the cytotoxic effects of alkasite restorative material on human dental pulp stem cells
Get PDFAim: The clinical suitability of restorative dental materials is determined by evaluating their biocompatibility, and physical and chemical properties. The present
study examined the cytotoxic effects of three different dental restorative materials on human dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs).
Material and Methods: In this study, composite, high-viscosity glass ionomer cement (HVGIC), and an alkasite were used. In total, 12 samples of each material
were prepared for cytotoxicity assays. Cytotoxic effects were determined by considering biomaterial releases. Cell viability and proliferation were observed and
analyzed at intervals of 24 and 72 hours using both the methyl-thiazole-diphenyl-tetrazolium (MTT) and xCELLigence cytotoxicity assays. Data were calculated
using the RTCA-DP integrated software of the xCELLigence system and the GraphPad Prism 9.1.1 program. Data from the proliferation experiments were
statistically evaluated using the Two-way ANOVA test.
Results: Alkasite exhibited the highest cytotoxicity, whereas HVGIC and composite did not exhibit any significant difference compared with the control. There
was no difference between the two time points in the cytotoxicity of composite and alkasite in the MTT assay. However, the cytotoxicity of HVGIC was higher
at 72-hours than at 24-hours. Similar results were obtained with both assays. Although alkasite exhibited higher cytotoxicity than composite and HVGIC, all
materials exerted slightly cytotoxic effects (60%–90% cell viability) on DPSCs.
Discussion: Considering its aesthetic, and mechanical properties, alkasite can be clinically preferred instead of other materials in cavities that are not close
to the dental pulp
Verschreibungspraxis für Antibiotika zur Prophylaxe und Theapie oraler/dentaler Infektionen bei pädiatrischen Patienten - Ergebnisse einer Querschnittsstudie in der Türkei
No full textAim: Antibiotics are often prescribed for the treatment of various infections and prophylactic purposes in dental practice. Their improper use can cause microbial resistance to antibiotics, which poses a world-wide threat. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to evaluate the knowledge and attitudes of dentists and dentistry students about antibiotic prescription practices for prophylaxis and the treatment of dental infections in pediatric patients.Methods: A questionnaire was e-mailed to 2,100 dentists and 300 senior dentistry students. The questionnaire was filled out by the participants within a 2-month period (May-June 2020). A 30-point scoring system was developed to assess the knowledge levels of the dentists according to the guidelines. Descriptive statistical analyses were performed. One-way ANOVA test and the Chi-Squared test were used to compare qualitative variables.Results: The response rate was found to be 24.2% for dentists and 49% for senior dentistry students. 19.4% of the participants were found to be moderately knowledgeable and 80.6% of them were highly knowledgeable. Students' knowledge scores were found to be higher than the general dentists and other specialists (p<0.05). There was no significant difference between students and pedodontists.Conclusion: Dentists were found to have sufficient knowledge about the usage of antibiotics in children, but there is still a lack of information about circumstances under which antibiotics should not be prescribed. Dentists and dentistry students should attend continuing education programs to keep their information up-to-date and should also prescribe antibiotics in adherence with the current guidelines to prevent antibiotic resistance.Zielsetzung: Antibiotika werden aus prophylaktischer und therapeutischer Indikation in der Zahnarztpraxis verschrieben. Der unsachgemäße Einsatz von Antibiotika kann zu mikrobiellen Resistenzen gegen Antibiotika führen und stellt eine weltweite Bedrohung dar. Ziel der Querschnittsstudie war es, das Wissen und die Einstellungen von Zahnärzten und Zahnmedizinstudenten zur Entscheidung über die Verschreibung von Antibiotika zur Prophylaxe und Behandlung von odontogenen Infektionen bei pädiatrischen Patienten zu evaluieren.Methode: Per E-Mail wurde ein Fragebogen an 2.100 Zahnärzte und 300 Zahnmedizinstudenten im fortgeschrittenen Studiengang versandt. Der Fragebogen wurde von den Teilnehmern innerhalb von 2 Monaten (Mai-Juni 2020) ausgefüllt. Zur Bewertung des Wissensstandes der Zahnärzte gemäß den Leitlinien wurde ein 30-Punkte-Score-System entwickelt. Deskriptive statistische Analysen wurden durchgeführt. Der Einweg-Anova-Test und der Chi-Quadrat-Test wurden zum Vergleich qualitativer Variablen verwendet.Ergebnisse: Die Rücklaufquote betrug 24,2% bei Zahnärzten und 49% bei Zahnmedizinstudenten. 19,4% der Teilnehmer wurden als mittelmäßig, 80,6% als sehr gut informiert eingestuft. Die Wissensscore der Studenten waren höher als die der allgemeinen Zahnärzte und anderer Spezialisten (p<0,05). Es gibt keinen signifikanten Unterschied zwischen Studenten und Kinderzahnärzten.Schlussfolgerung: Es wurde festgestellt, dass Zahnärzte ausreichende Kenntnisse über die Verwendung von Antibiotika bei Kindern haben, aber es gibt immer noch einen Mangel an Informationen, wann Antibiotika nicht verschrieben werden sollten. Zahnärzte und Zahnmedizinstudenten sollten an Fortbildungsprogrammen teilnehmen, um ihre Informationen auf dem neuesten Stand zu halten, und sollten Antibiotika gemäß den aktuellen Richtlinien verschreiben, um Antibiotikaresistenzen vorzubeugen
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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