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Letter from Joseph Dugan to Alden Partridge, 2 February 1826
No full textFormer student Joseph Dugan writes from Philadelphia to Alden Partridge at the American Literary, Scientific, and Military Academy in Middletown, Connecticut, and apologizes for his past conduct; wishes to be readmitted to the Academy.Transcription by John S. Hitz. Transcriptions may be subject to error
A polinização da pereira europeia (pyrus communis L. cv. Rocha) no sul do Brasil
Get PDFTese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Recursos Genéticos Vegetais, Florianópolis, 2014No Brasil, a produção de pera é insuficiente para atender a demanda interna, gerando uma crescente necessidade de importação de frutas que podem ser produzidas nas regiões mais frias. Por isso, a pera é a fruta fresca importada em maior quantidade pelo Brasil. Por ser alógama devido à incompatibilidade gametofítica, a maioria das cultivares europeias de pereiras não produzem frutos com sementes sem a presença de insetos polinizadores. Neste contexto, foram realizados ensaios buscando elucidar os aspectos da biologia reprodutiva da pereira portuguesa (Pyrus communis L. cv. Rocha) e suas cultivares polinizadoras, assim como avaliar a qualidade das colmeias destinadas à polinização. Os resultados mostraram que a fenologia das cvs. Rocha e suas polinizadoras diferiu entre elas e entre os anos, podendo afetar significativamente a polinização. A data aproximada da plena floração das cultivares estudadas foi similar em 2012 (? 17//09), porém, diferiu em 2013. Foi observado que a cv. Rocha polinizada com pólen de cultivares compatíveis apresentou elevada frutificação efetiva, chegando a atingir até 67,8% de frutificação efetiva sem a aplicação exógena de giberelina. Além disso, nestes frutos observou-se maior número de sementes (>5 sementes.fruto-1), o que acarretou frutos com melhores índices de qualidade comparativamente com outros tratamentos de polinização. A autopolinização promoveu a formação de frutos (10,9% de frutificação efetiva em 2012 e 1,66% em 2013), mas em quantidade e qualidade inferiores aos frutos oriundos de polinização cruzada. A partenocarpia natural foi observada na cv. Rocha, mas esta incapaz de sustentar produções comercialmente viáveis (4,16% de frutificação efetiva). A aplicação exógena de ácido giberélico mostrou ser uma opção para o aumento da frutificação efetiva através do estímulo da formação de frutos partenocárpicos, contudo foi observada uma variação na sua eficiência entre os anos (frutificação efetiva de 74,1% em 2012, reduzindo para 30,0% no ano seguinte) e a tendência da redução da qualidade dos frutos formados, os quais eram menores e mais alongados do que os frutos com sementes. A produção de néctar variou entre cultivares e entre os anos, mas sendo sempre considerados volumes pequenos (Abstract: In Brazil, the pear production is insufficient to supply the domestic demand, creating a growing market for imported fruits that can be produced in south Brazil. Due to this, Brazil's fresh pear imports grow every year. Since pears are alogamous due to gametophytic incompatibility, most European pear cultivars do not produce fruit with seeds without the presence of pollinating insects. In this context, experiments were conducted to elucidate the aspects of the reproductive biology of the Portuguese pear (Pyrus communis L. cv. Rocha) and their pollinating cultivars, as well as the quality of the hives used for orchard pollination. The results show that the phenology of cvs. Rocha and their pollinators differs between them and years, which may significantly affect pollination. The approximate date of full bloom of the cultivars was similar in 2012 (~=17/09) while differ in 2013. We observed that cv. Rocha pollinated with pollen from compatible cultivars showed a high fruit set, reaching up to 67,8% of fruit set without exogenous gibberellin application. Moreover, in these fruits was observed a greater number of seeds (> 5 seeds.fruit-1), which resulted in higher quality fruits (scores compared with other pollination treatments). Self-pollination produced some fruits (10,9% of fruit set in 2012 and 1,66% in 2013), but in lower quantity and quality when compared with cross-pollination. Natural parthenocarpy was observed in cv. Rocha, but it was unable to sustain commercially viable yields (4,16% of fruit set). The exogenous gibberellic acid application was an option for increasing fruit set by stimulating the formation of parthenocarpic fruits, however we observed a variation of it's efficiency between years (fruit set of 74,1% in 2012, decreasing to 30,0% in 2013) and showed a trend of reduced quality of formed fruits, which were smaller and more elongated than the fruit with seeds produced by cross-pollination. Nectar production varied among cultivars and years, but always being considered small volumes (<3µL) and whith low sugar content (<20ºBrix), which resulted in low attractiveness of pollinators (<1 bee.tree-1.minute-1). In the surrounding area of the orchard we observed strong competition with Mimosa scabrella and Piptocarpha angustifolia wich bear more and richer nectar. We observed poor natural pollination due to the non-pollen deposition on the stigmas of 'Rocha' after a legitimate flower visit by Apis mellifera, possibly due to lack of pollinating plants and low density of quality beehives in the orchard. The hives used for pollination showed a variation in their population between years, wich can be observed in the significant reduction in the number of combs covered with larvae and honey reserves from 2012 to 2013, resulting in lower activity of foraging bees in the period of maximum flight activity (100,8 foraging bees entering in the hive.minute-1 in 2012 and 59,3 foraging bees entering in the hive.minute-1 in 2013). We also observed the presence of Varroa destructor (infestation of 1.89 and 1.45% in 2012 and 2013, respectively) and Nosema ceranae (712.000 spores.bee-1 in 2012)
Dugan, J H, 411217
No full textThis record was harvested from a previous catalogue system and will be withdrawn in 2025. Information in this record may be superseded or incomplete. Visit this record in UMA's new catalogue at: https://archives.library.unimelb.edu.au/nodes/view/382824Surname: DUGAN. Given Name(s) or Initials: J H. Military Service Number or Last Known Location: 411217. Missing, Wounded and Prisoner of War Enquiry Card Index Number: 50649.222471
Item: [2016.0049.15117] "Dugan, J H, 411217
Dugan, Julia (Death, 1870-01-12)
No full textAddress: 213 WaterAge at death: 11Pg 5/1870/133/F W S/Cinti/Dr. Dugan/Sullivan/St. JosephsOriginal record filed in drawer labeled 'DUGAN-DYER'
Dugan (Birth, 1895-05-11)
No full textAddress: 708 McMillan2409/Pg 63/1895/W M/U. S./U. S./Dr. W. D. PorterOriginal record filed in drawer labeled 'DUGAN-DYER'
Dugan, Joseph S. (Birth, 1880-02-23)
No full textAddress: 186 Walnut St.1192/Pg.151/1880/M W/Ire./U.S./Dr. BrentOriginal record filed in drawer labeled 'DUGAN-DYER'
Dugan (Birth, 1890-11-11)
No full textAddress: E. 7th St.6749/Pg. 164/1890/FW/Amer/Chas. S. Evans, M.D.Original record filed in drawer labeled 'DUGAN-DYER'
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