1,720,957 research outputs found
El Excepcionalismo Costarricense Redefinido: La identidad “tica” en la literatura costarricense contemporánea
No full textAside from its reputation as the “Switzerland of Central America,” Costa Rica is rarely mentioned in international headlines or academic studies. The tendency to compare one Central American nation to another has defined Costa Rica as the exceptional country of the region due to its stable democracy, abolition of the military, and social equality. However, by focusing on just Costa Rica, this study questions such assumptions and suggests that the nation has not received the attention that its unique society deserves. From an exterior perspective, it appears that the pacifist country, amidst a region plagued by political corruption, civil wars, and severe poverty, is an uninteresting subject, but an interior perspective reveals a contrary conclusion. The influence of American capitalism, the presence of subcultures, and the existence of social inequality exposes a discrepancy between the “official” and the “real” versions of Costa Rica. The image of “pura vida” limits the country to a unitary national identity – happy, educated, and “white” citizens that live in harmony, connected by a culture of peace – that does not admit to the existence of cultural diversity outside the center of the country, from where the dominant vision originates. Although some of the scholars who have studied Costa Rica are beginning to expose the myth of Costa Rican excepcionalism, almost none have considered Costa Ricans’ thoughts of their own country’s national identity. Therefore, this work investigates to what extent the official representation of Costa Rica corresponds to the individual experiences and individualities of Costa Ricans themselves. In order to achieve this “tico” perspective, I analyze a selection of prose taken from contemporary national literature, the most authentic portrayal of the Costa Rican voice. The works of Tatiana Lobo, Alfonso Chase, and Uriel Quesada, despite the variety of their styles, do not represent a completely pacific Costa Rica with social equality and perfect democracy, but instead reveal how the official national identity excludes the experiences of many marginalized Costa Ricans – immigrants, women, the poor, and gay individuals – that do not fit the image of a “legitimate” Costa Rican. Instead of the typical pattern of defining Costa Rica based upon observations from the outside, these authors insist that Costa Ricans are the ones that must determine Costa Rican identity. In this way, the contemporary literature of Costa Rica tries to encourage citizens to examine what is really happening in the country beyond the guise of “pura vida.
El Excepcionalismo Costarricense Redefinido: La identidad “tica” en la literatura costarricense contemporánea
No full textAside from its reputation as the “Switzerland of Central America,” Costa Rica is rarely mentioned in international headlines or academic studies. The tendency to compare one Central American nation to another has defined Costa Rica as the exceptional country of the region due to its stable democracy, abolition of the military, and social equality. However, by focusing on just Costa Rica, this study questions such assumptions and suggests that the nation has not received the attention that its unique society deserves. From an exterior perspective, it appears that the pacifist country, amidst a region plagued by political corruption, civil wars, and severe poverty, is an uninteresting subject, but an interior perspective reveals a contrary conclusion. The influence of American capitalism, the presence of subcultures, and the existence of social inequality exposes a discrepancy between the “official” and the “real” versions of Costa Rica. The image of “pura vida” limits the country to a unitary national identity – happy, educated, and “white” citizens that live in harmony, connected by a culture of peace – that does not admit to the existence of cultural diversity outside the center of the country, from where the dominant vision originates. Although some of the scholars who have studied Costa Rica are beginning to expose the myth of Costa Rican excepcionalism, almost none have considered Costa Ricans’ thoughts of their own country’s national identity. Therefore, this work investigates to what extent the official representation of Costa Rica corresponds to the individual experiences and individualities of Costa Ricans themselves. In order to achieve this “tico” perspective, I analyze a selection of prose taken from contemporary national literature, the most authentic portrayal of the Costa Rican voice. The works of Tatiana Lobo, Alfonso Chase, and Uriel Quesada, despite the variety of their styles, do not represent a completely pacific Costa Rica with social equality and perfect democracy, but instead reveal how the official national identity excludes the experiences of many marginalized Costa Ricans – immigrants, women, the poor, and gay individuals – that do not fit the image of a “legitimate” Costa Rican. Instead of the typical pattern of defining Costa Rica based upon observations from the outside, these authors insist that Costa Ricans are the ones that must determine Costa Rican identity. In this way, the contemporary literature of Costa Rica tries to encourage citizens to examine what is really happening in the country beyond the guise of “pura vida.
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
“Becoming aU.S. Citizen: Ethics and Justice in the Immigration System,”November 28, 2022
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“Becoming aU.S. Citizen: Ethics and Justice in the Immigration System,”November 28, 2022
No full textAppropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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