28 research outputs found
Model fenologi tanaman kelapa sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.)
No full textPerkembangan dan pertumbuhan kelapa sawit merupakan fungsi dari faktor genetik tanaman, lingkungan dan kultur teknis. Pada kondisi faktor genetik bahan tanaman dan teknik budidaya bukan merupakan faktor pembatas, maka keragaman yang timbul sebagian besar dipengaruhi oleh faktor lingkungan. Beberapa faktor iklim yang sangat nyata berpengaruh terhadap fase perkembangan tanaman, pertumbuhan dauun (emisi pelepah), pembentukan bunga jantan atau bunga betina yang ditentukan oleh sex ratio, dan pembentukan buah adalah ketersediaan air (curah hujan), suhu dan radiasi surya. untuk dapat menjelaskan hubungan antara peubah-peubah lingkungan (iklim) selama proses perkembangan dan pertumbuhan tanaman, diperlukan suatu metode analisis kuantitatif yang baku
PEMODELAN NERACA AIR TANAH UNTUK PENDUGAAN SURPLUS DAN DEFISIT AIR UNTUK PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN PANGAN DI KABUPATEN MERAUKE, PAPUA
No full text<div data-canvas-width="358.44029759999995">Water balance modeling is one approach that can be used to predict the dynamics of soil water content for plant growth, so it can calculate the amount of crop water requirements, particularly at critical periods during which the soil moisture content is very low and in normal circumstan ces. The experiment was</div><div data-canvas-width="377.52128063999993">conducted April-November 2010 in Merauke district of Papua provi nce. The collect ion of clim ate data (rainfall, temperature, humidity), land information</div><div data-canvas-width="377.97478992">(based on soil type and land use map, primarily to det ermine water holding ca pacit y and root z one depthof the soils). Land water balance analysis was con ducted for each a nalysi s of distri cts using Thornthwaite and Mather (1957). Furthermore, the results of water balance of land was mapping used the geographic information system (GIS) method for knowing the districts that have the periods of water deficit or water surplus. The results showed that the dom inant patterns of rai nfall in t he district of Merauke is pattern A is a pattern that suggests that there is a clear di fferen ce between the a mount of rai nfall duri ng th e rain y sea son t o dry season. Merauke district experienced a period of water deficit of about 4-7 months for a year. Sub districts that have a period and a high amount of water deficit isKuprik for 7 consecutive months. Sub districts that have a short period of deficit 4 months is Jagebob, Kimaan and Muting. The potential for planting food crops in Merauke district ranges from 5-7 months. The surplus per iod i s about 3-6 mont hs of November to May/June. Sub districts that have a longer period surplus isJagebob and Kimaant is 6 months. The most of the sub districts (6 sub districts) in the Merauke district</div><div data-canvas-width="377.8404167999999">has a surplus of water&gt; 1000 mm / year. There are only two sub districts that have surplus water &lt;1000 mm / year is Kupri k and Sota. Sub distri cts t hat</div><div data-canvas-width="377.5044839999999">obtain high water surplus for the year is Semangga. Pot ential of th e short growing season found in Kuprik (3 months) while the potential of the growing</div><div data-canvas-width="377.52128063999993">season is long (6 months) in almost every sub district (Semangga, Okaba, Muting Kimaan, and Sota). Water bal ance model is developed en ough valid for</div><div data-canvas-width="345.38930831999994">predicting soil water availability and timing of food crop planting in Merauke district of Papua province </div></jats:p
Efektivitas Pupuk Majemuk Dan Asam Humat Pada Budidaya Kentang Di Kabupaten Gowa Sulawesi Selatanfadjry Djufry
Full text linkEffectiveness of Compond Fertilizer and Humid Acid in Potato Cultivation in the Gowa District, South Sulawesi. The organic fertilizer recommendation for potato cultivation ranged 10-30 t/ha. This dose is too high, because the farmers has to bear high cost for other agroinput and labor. Application of humic acid (HA) is one alternative that can replace the function of organic fertilizer. When it is compared to organic manure, HA is faster in fertilizing the soil 10 times or 200 times more efficient than that of manure (50 kg of HA is equivalent to 10 t ha of manure). The use of HA is expected to increase the efficiency use of NPK 25-50%. This study aimed to determine proper doses of Super NPK fertilizer and HA that gave the highest growth and yield of potatoes. The experiment was conducted in the Village Pattapang, District Tinggi Moncong, Gowa regency, South Sulawesi, at an altitude of 1,100 m above sea level on June through December 2011. The research used split plot design with three replications. The main plot consisted three levels of NPK Super, i.e. 300 kg/ha, 450 kg/ha and 600 kg/ha. Subplot HA comprised three levels that were 0, 0.75%, and 1.5%. The results showed that the application of various doses and percentages of Super NPK and HA had no effect on plant height, but it did with the width of the canopy and the production of potato plants. Highest potato production obtained in Super NPK fertilization 300 kg / ha and HA 1.5% (16.47 t/ha). Application of HA on the potato crop fertilization was able to save of NPK fertilizer up to 50%. Application of Super NPK at 300 kg/ha + 1.5% HA was able to give a profit of Rp73.481.339/ha with the RC ratio of 2.75
Penyusunan Model Simulasi Tanaman Jarak (Ricinus Communis L.)
No full textPenelitian bertujuan menyusun model simulasi tanaman jarak yang terdiri dari sub model perkemabngan tanaman, pertumbuhan tanaman dan neraca air. Penelitian dilaksanakan selama dua tahun (2002 dan 2003) pada tiga lokasi yang memiliki perbedaan unsur-unsur iklim yang jelas yaitu Malang (575 m), Sukamandi (50 m) dan Situbondo (5 m). Percobaan lapang dilakukan untuk mendapatkan data yang digunakan dalam penyusunan model simulasi tanaman serta validasinya. Percobaan di malang pada tahun 2002 menggunakan tanah inceptisols dengan kondisi air tanah relatif cukup melalui pemberian irigasi
Technology transfer strategy for women in coffee livestock integration as climate-smart agriculture practice
Full text linkThe Integrated Crop Livestock Systems (ICLS) is considered an important strategy to cope with climate change issues in coffee plantations. However, the involvement of women in the coffee livestock integration system is still limited. This condition is related to women’s limited knowledge and technical capacity because there is no technology transfer model based on the requirements and needs of women. The purpose of this paper is to identify problems related to women’s participation and formulate technology transfer strategies to increase women’s participation in coffee livestock integration as a Climate-Smart Agriculture (CSA) practice. The research was conducted in Bandung Regency, West Java, as Indonesia’s Arabica coffee development center. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics and Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM). The role of women in management and decision-making in the development of coffee livestock is relatively low. Their involvement is still complementary, lacking initiative and limited participation due to internal and external issues. The strategies are related to three main areas: knowledge development, skill development, and technology utilization. The program derived from the strategies is expected to develop women’s capacity both individually and in groups
Pemodelan Neraca Air Tanah untuk Pendugaan Surplus dan Defisit Air untuk Pertumbuhan Tanaman Pangan di Kabupaten Merauke Papua
Full text linkINDONESIAPemodelan neraca air merupakan salah satu metode yang sering digunakan untuk menduga dinamika kadar air tanah selama periode pertumbuhan tanaman, sehingga dapat dihitung jumlah kebutuhan air tanaman untuk dapat berproduksi, terutama pada periode kritis yaitu pada saat kadar air tanah sangat rendah maupun dalam keadaan normal. Penelitian dilaksanakan mulai bulan April November 2010 di Kabupaten Merauke Provinsi Papua. Pengumpulan data iklim (curah hujan, suhu udara, kelembaban), informasi lahan (didasarkan pada peta jenis tanah dan tataguna lahan, terutama untuk menentukan kapasitas menyimpan air dari tanah dan kedalaman perakaran tanaman). Analisis neraca air tanah dilakukan untuk setiap satuan analisis wilayah kecamatan dengan menggunakan metode Thornthwaite dan Mather (1957). Selanjutnya hasil analisis neraca air tanah dipetakan dengan menggunakan sistem informasi geografis (SIG) sehingga dapat diketahui wilayah kecamatan yang mengalami periode defisit air maupun yang mengalami periode surplus air yang panjang. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa pola curah hujan yang dominan di Kabupaten Merauke adalah Pola A yaitu pola yang memberikan gambaran bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang jelas antara jumlah curah hujan pada musim penghujan dengan musim kemarau.Kabupaten Merauke mengalami periode defisit air sekitar 4-7 bulan selama setahun.Kecamatan yang mengalami periode dan jumlah defisit air yang tinggi adalah KecamatanKuprik berturut-turut sebesar 7 bulan.Kecamatan yang mengalam periode difisit yang singkat sekitar 4 bulan adalah Kecamatan Jagebob, Kimaan dan Muting. Potensi masa tanam tanaman pangan di Kabupaten Merauke berkisar antara 5-7 bulan. Periode surplus yaitu sekitar 3 6 bulan pada bulan November sampai Mei/Juni. Kecamatan yang mengalami periode surplus yang lebih lama adalah Kecamatan Jagebob dan Kimaan yaitu 6 bulan.Sebagian besar kecamatan (6 kecamatan) yang ada di Kabupaten Merauke memiliki surplus air > 1000 mm/tahun. Hanya ada 2 kecamatan yang memiliki surplus air 1000 mm / year. There are only two sub districts that have surplus water <1000 mm / year is Kuprik and Sota. Sub districts that obtain high water surplus for the year is Semangga . Potential of the short growing season found in Kuprik (3 months) while the potential of the growing season is long (6 months) in almost every sub district (Semangga, Okaba, Muting Kimaan, and Sota). Water balance model is developed enough valid for predicting soil water availability and timing of food cropplanting in Merauke district of Papua province
KAJIAN ADAPTASI VARIETAS UNGGUL KENTANG TROPIKA PRODUKSI TINGGI DAN TAHAN PENYAKIT DI KABUPATEN BANTAENG SULAWESI SELATAN: Study of Adaptation of Superior Variety Tropical Potatoes High Yielding and Resistant to Disease in Bantaeng District of South Sulawesi
Full text linkInovasi teknologi dalam usaha pengembangan produksi kentang terus ditingkatkan. Beberapa varietas kentang yang telah dihasilkan oleh Balitsa Lembang memiliki potensi hasil tinggi (20-40 t/ha) dan tahan/toleran terhadap hama dan patogen tertentu seperti varietas-varietas Merbabu-17, GM-05, GM-08, Ping-06, Margahayu, Amudra, Manohara, Repita, Krespo, Balsa, Tango, Erika, Fries dan Cipanas. Potensi hasil tanaman dapat tercapai apabila ditanam pada lingkungan tumbuh yang optimal untuk mendukung pertumbuhannya. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan satu atau dua varietas unggul kentang tropika yang beradaptasi baik dengan produktivitas >30 t/ha di Sulawesi Selatan. Kajian dilaksanakan di Desa Bontolojong, Kecamatan Ulu Ere, Kabupaten Bantaeng pada ketinggian 1.100 meter di atas permukaan laut, mulai bulan Juni hingga Oktober 2010. Kajian menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok, terdiri dari tujuh varietas unggul kentang yaitu: Merbabu-17, Erika, GM-05, Ping-06, Margahayu, Cipanas, dan Granola. Setiap perlakuan diulang tiga kali. Benih umbi kentang setiap varietas Generasi ke 0 (G0) ditanam pada lubang tanam dalam petak percobaan yang berukuran 2,5 m x 2,5 m dengan jarak tanam 70 cm x 30 cm. Setiap petak berisi empat baris tanaman kentang atau 32 tanaman. Peubah yang diamati adalah pertumbuhan tanaman, serangan hama/penyakit, produksi umbi, dan persentase umbi berdasarkan kelas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa varietas yang beradaptasi baik dengan pertumbuhan terbaik, produksi tertinggi, dan tahan penyakit busuk daun (P. infestans) adalah Erika. Dua varietas lainnya yaitu Ping-06 dan Margahayu juga memiliki pertumbuhan yang baik dan produksi lebih tinggi dari pada varietas Granola, namun tidak tahan serangan P. infestans.
Kata Kunci: Kentang, varietas, adaptasi dan produktivitas
Balai Pengkajian Teknologi Pertanian Sulawesi Selatan, Jl. Perintis Kemerdekaan Km. 17,5 Makassar, Sulawesi Selatan, Indonesia
No full text<p>Local rice of Toraja Plateau, such as Pare Bau&amp;amp;rsquo;, Pare Kombong, Pare Lallodo, Pare Ambo&amp;amp;rsquo;, and Pare Lea, is one source of organic food which may improve national food security in the future. In order to determine the character and superiority of these five accsessions, characterization, and observation had been conducted in North Toraja and Tana Toraja district in 2011&amp;amp;ndash;2013. Observation was carried out on five genotypes of local superior rice and one genotype as check variety (Cisantana variety). The experiment used randomized block design that was repeated five times, therefore 30 plots were observed. The parameters of observations consist of the growth components, yield components, productivity, nutrient content, flavor and aroma, and resistance to pests and diseases. The results showed that the five accessions have morphological difference, sharp and distinctive aroma, delicious/fluffier taste, resistance to pest, good adaptability to the plateau (700&amp;amp;ndash;2.000 m above sea level), high protein content, low fiber and glucose content, high vitamin B content, and delicious rice. Heritability values for all components of quantitative trait were ranged from moderate to high.</p><p><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p>Padi lokal dataran tinggi di Tana Toraja, antara lain Pare Bau&amp;rsquo;, Pare Kombong, Pare Lallodo, Pare Ambo&amp;rsquo;, dan Pare Lea, merupakan salah satu sumber pangan organik dalam rangka meningkatkan ketahanan pangan nasional pada masa yang akan datang. Untuk mengetahui karakter dan keunggulannya, telah dilakukan karakterisasi dan observasi kelima aksesi tersebut di Kabupaten Toraja Utara dan Tana Toraja tahun 2011&amp;ndash;2013. Observasi dilakukan terhadap lima genotipe padi unggul lokal serta satu genotipe pembanding, yaitu varietas Cisantana. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok yang diulang 5 kali sehingga terdapat 30 petak observasi. Pengamatan dilakukan pada komponen pertumbuhan, komponen hasil, produktivitas, kandungan gizi, rasa, dan aroma, ketahanan terhadap hama dan penyakit. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kelima aksesi berbeda secara morfologi, memiliki aroma yang tajam dan khas, rasa nasi yang enak/pulen, tahan terhadap OPT, daya adaptasinya baik pada dataran tinggi (700&amp;ndash;2.000 m dpl), kandungan protein tinggi, kandungan serat dan glukosa rendah, kandungan vitamin B tinggi, dan rasa nasi enak/enak sekali. Nilai heritabilitas untuk semua komponen kuantitatif berkisar antara kriteria sedang sampai tinggi.</p></jats:p
Coping Strategies of Smallholder Coffee Farmers under the COVID-19 Impact in Indonesia
Full text linkCOVID-19 significantly impacts coffee production, which smallholders dominate. Unaddressed impacts will affect coffee production sustainability. However, smallholders face some constraints. This study aims to determine the impact of COVID-19 from the perspective of Arabica and Robusta farmers in Indonesia, examine technical recommendations as coping strategies, and develop an institutional model to accelerate implementation. We analyzed the divergences in the perceptions of different categories and clusters using farm-level data. Descriptive statistics, Mann–Whitney analysis, cluster analysis, and crosstab analysis were used to explore the facts. Immediate effects of COVID-19 were observed through a decline in household income, impacting the allocation of farming costs, which influences productivity related to the intensity of cultivation, particularly in purchasing and fertilization decisions. It was explored by the study that coffee livestock integration is an important strategy to improve farmers’ livelihood to mitigate the impact. The innovation sharing model complements this technical recommendation as institutional recommendations, including innovation sharing elements and processes. Four farmer clusters have been identified based on the adoption spectrum and farmer conditions. The intervention provides innovation-sharing elements for farmers who have not adopted integration. Where integration was partially completed, reusing waste is recommended by completing innovation elements and improving the sharing process
Penyusunan Model Simulasi Tanaman Jarak (Ricinus Communis. L) sebagai Dasar Pengelolaan dan Pewilayahan di Indonesia
Full text linkModel simulasi tanaman yang menjelaskan hubungan antara pertumbuhan dan perkembangan tanaman dengan faktor-faktor lingkungan (cuaca dan tanah) dapat dikembangkan untuk digunakan sebagai alat bantu pengambilan keputusan. Dalam hal ini analisis usaha tani dapat diintegrasikan ke dalam model sehingga keluaran model tidak hanya menghasilkan tampilan proses biofisik namun juga kelayakan ekonomisnya. Model yang telah disusun dapat dimanfaatkan untuk menunjang perencanaan pertanian, termasuk penentuan wilayah-wilayah potensial secara agroklimat serta analisis kelayakannya secara ekonomis
