150 research outputs found
Whoever tramples the breadcrumbs will go blind: Cultural norms regarding feeding children and eating in Bulgarian society. A conversation between Petya Bankova and Vihra Baeva
No full textPetya Bankova is Associated Professor in the Institute of Ethnology and Folklore Studies with Ethnographic Museum at the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences (Sofia, Bulgaria). Her scientific interests concern in the field of anthropology of childhood, children plays, and the everyday life culture during the communist period in Bulgaria. She is the author of three monographs: Images and Meetings in the Tradition, They Recognized him by his Name: Ethno-confessional Aspects of the Given Name in Bulgaria, and The Magic of the Given Name, as well as co-author of Almanac. Traditions and Holidays of the Bulgarians. She has co-edited several volumes, the last of which is Sociocultural Dimensions of Childhood (Sofia 2020)
Inhibition of zymosan-induced kidney dysfunction by tyrphostin AG-490
No full textBACKGROUND: Zymosan-induced shock has been associated with an increased production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and mediators, causing a generalized dysfunction of liver, lung and kidneys. Herein, we investigate the effects of tyrphostin AG-490 on the early inflammation and on the late renal injury provoked by zymosan injection. METHODS: Shock was induced by intraperitoneal injection of zymosan in a dose of 0.8-1.0 mg/g body weight in BALB/c mice and 0.8 mg/g body weight in SCID mice. Tyrphostin AG-490 was administered intraperitoneally in a dose of 5 mg/kg immediately after shock induction. Blood, peritoneal lavage and kidneys were collected at certain time points after zymosan injection. The levels of MIP-1alpha, RANTES, IL-6, IL-10, alpha1-antitrypsin and C5a in plasma were determined by ELISA. The number of IL-10-secreting cells in peritoneum was assayed by ELISPOT. Kidney function was monitored by measurement of urine/plasma creatinine levels and proteinuria. Histological assessment of renal injury was performed in a blinded fashion after hematoxylin/eosin staining. Immunohistochemistry analyses were used to evaluate the expression of C5aR, STAT1, STAT3 and the binding ability of IgGs in kidneys. RESULTS: Tyrphostin AG-490 attenuated the early phase of zymosan-induced shock via inhibition of MIP-1alpha, RANTES and C5a plasma levels and via elevation of IL-10 in plasma. The drug increased IL-10 production in peritoneum and the number of IL-10-secreting peritoneal cells. AG-490 was able to retain the time of coagulation and the level of alpha1-antitrypsin to normal values. At the late stage of shock, AG-490 decreased scores of tubular injury, cell infiltration and glomerular lesions in parallel with diminished creatinine plasma level and protein excretion. These beneficial effects of AG-490 were related to lowered levels of circulating IL-6, MIP-1alpha and C5a, and to inhibited expression of STAT1, STAT3 and C5aR in kidneys. The drug diminished the production of zymosan-specific IgG antibodies and hindered the glomeruli from IgGs recognition. CONCLUSION: Tyrphostin AG-490 reduced the magnitude of the initial inflammatory response in zymosan-induced shock and prevented the development of severe kidney dysfunction. Our data suggest that the drug might be used as a therapeutic approach in cases where shock is combined with acute renal injury
With the Maps, You are always in the Right Place!
No full textArtist: Petya Dobromirova Dimitrova
Age: 8
Note: BG-3
2019-2
The effect of group-based cardiac rehabilitation models on the quality of life and exercise capacity of patients with chronic heart failure
No full textErken Sönen Güneş Işığı: Şair Petya Dubarova‘nın Hüzünlü Hikayesi
No full textÖz: Bulgar edebiyatının en yetenekli, en genç ve en ünlü temsilcilerinden biri olan Petya Dubarova Türkiye’de pek tanınmayan bir şairdır. Bu nedenle bu araştırmanın öncelikli amacı Bulgar yazarı Türk okuyucularına ve bilim dünyasına tanıtmaktır. Haksızlıklar ve adaletsizlik karşısında dik durduğu için Petya dünyayı çok erken terk etmiş. Muhteşem yeteneğini sonuna kadar ortaya çıkarmadan ve belki de en güzel şiirlerini kaleme almadan daha 17 yaşında intihar ederek yaşama veda etmiştir. Bu araştırmada Dubarova’nın renkli ve hüzünlü hayat hikâyesi büyüteç altına alınmış, ayrıca hem “Öğrenci Petya”nın hem de “Şair Petya”nın portresi resmedilmeye çalışılmıştır. Araştırmanın özeğinde Petya’nın öz yaşamı, romantik aşkları, öğrencilik yılları, yaşadığı kişisel sorunlar ve yazarlık yeteneği yer almaktadır. Petya Dubarova Bulgaristan’ın unutulamayan, henüz çocuk yaşta olağanüstü yeteneğiyle dikkat çeken şairlerinden biridir. Onun şiirsel kalıtı genellikle çocuksu arılığı, ergenlik yürekliliğini, felsefi sorgulamaları ve müthiş yaratıcılığı yansıtmaktadır. Dubarova geride yüzlerce yanıtsız soru bırakarak, çok genç yaşta yaşamına son vererek bizlerden ayrılmıştır. Kısa yaşamında bizi şaşırtmayı başarmış, ne var ki muazzam yeteneğinin yalnızca küçük bir ipucu vermiştir bizlere. Yaşamında da ölümünden sonra da bu genç yetenek tam olarak kavranamamış ve çevresindeki gizemli bulut da bir türlü çözülememiştir. Türk okuyucuları çocuk yaştaki bu yazarı pek bilmedikleri için hüzünlü yaşam serüvenini ve ozan olarak başarılarını bir makalede irdelemenin yararlı olacağı düşünülmüştür. Bu araştırmanın, Bulgar edebiyatı alanında ülkemizde önemli bir yayın boşluğunu doldurması umut edilmektedir.As one of the most talented, youngest, and renowned writers of Bulgaria, Petya Dubarova is a poet relatively unknown in Türkiye. Therefore, the primary purpose of this study is to introduce the Bulgarian author to the Turkish readers and the academic world. Petya departed this world way too prematurely because she confronted and resisted against the injustice and unfairness. Without revealing her amazing talent to the fullest and perhaps without writing her most beautiful poems, she bid farewell to the world by committing suicide at the age of 17. The present study focused on the colorful and sad life story of Dubarova, and the portrait of both the "Student Petya" and "Poet Petya" was depicted. The crux of this study includes Petya's personal life, her romantic affairs, her years as a student, her personal problems and her talent as a writer. Petya Dubarova is one of Bulgaria's most memorable and mystifying talented juvenile poets. Her poetic legacy often reflects childlike innocence, adolescent chivalry, philosophical inquiry and unearthly creativity. Dubarova departed this world, leaving behind hundreds of unanswered questions and ending her life at a very young age. She really managed to mystify us in her very short span of life and more importantly, demonstrated us only a small hint of her enormous talent. This young talent failed to be fully appreciated during her life or after her death, and the mystery around her could not be identified. Since Turkish readers are mostly unfamiliar with this tender- age writer, we are of the opinion that it will be worth of while to investigate her sad life adventure and her achievements as a poet in an article. It is believed that this study will fill an important scientific publication gap in Turkey in the field of Bulgarian literature
Decrease of dehydrogenase activity of cerebral glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase in different animal models of Alzheimer's disease
No full textRecently, a relationship between glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) and the beta-amyloid precursor protein (betaAPP) in relationship with the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) has been suggested. Therefore, we studied the specific activity of GAPDH in the different animal models of AD: transgenic mice (Tg2576) and rats treated with beta-amyloid, or thiorphan, or lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and interferon gamma (INFgamma). We observed that GAPDH activity was significantly decreased in the brain samples from TG mice. The injection of beta-amyloid, or thiorphan, an inhibitor of neprilysin involved in beta-amyloid catabolism, in rat brains resulted in a pronounced reduction of the enzyme activity. The infusion of LPS and IFNgamma, which can influence the progression of the AD, significantly reduced the enzyme activity
Faculty Opinions recommendation of Sirtuin 2 regulates cellular iron homeostasis via deacetylation of transcription factor NRF2.
No full textBetween «dual liberation» and occupation: Bulgarian society on the outcome of World War II
No full textCXCR3/CXCL10 Axis Regulates Neutrophil-NK Cell Cross-Talk Determining the Severity of Experimental Osteoarthritis
No full textSeveral immune cell populations are involved in cartilage damage, bone erosion, and resorption processes during osteoarthritis. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of NK cells in the pathogenesis of experimental osteoarthritis and whether and how neutrophils can regulate their synovial localization in the disease. Experimental osteoarthritis was elicited by intra-articular injection of collagenase in wild type and Cxcr3(-/-) 8-wk old mice. To follow osteoarthritis progression, cartilage damage, synovial thickening, and osteophyte formation were measured histologically. To characterize the inflammatory cells involved in osteoarthritis, synovial fluid was collected early after disease induction, and the cellular and cytokine content were quantified by flow cytometry and ELISA, respectively. We found that NK cells and neutrophils are among the first cells that accumulate in the synovium during osteoarthritis, both exerting a pathogenic role. Moreover, we uncovered a crucial role of the CXCL10/CXCR3 axis, with CXCL10 increasing in synovial fluids after injury and Cxcr3(-/-) mice being protected from disease development. Finally, in vivo depletion experiments showed that neutrophils are involved in an NK cell increase in the synovium, possibly by expressing CXCL10 in inflamed joints. Thus, neutrophils and NK cells act as important disease-promoting immune cells in experimental osteoarthritis and their functional interaction is promoted by the CXCL10/CXCR3 axis
Bone resorption and remodeling in murine collagenase-induced osteoarthritis after administration of glucosamine
No full textInternational audienceGlucosamine is an amino-monosaccharide and precursor of glycosaminoglycans, major components of joint cartilage. Glucosamine has been clinically introduced for the treatment of osteoarthritis but the data about its protective role in disease are insufficient. The goal of this study was to investigate the effect of long term administration of glucosamine on bone resorption and remodeling. METHODS: The effect of glucosamine on bone resorption and remodeling was studied in a model of collagenase-induced osteoarthritis (CIOA). The levels of macrophage-inflammatory protein (MIP)-1α, protein regulated upon activation, normal T-cell expressed, and secreted (RANTES), soluble receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and interleukin (IL)-6, 4 and 10 in synovial fluid were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Cell populations in synovial extracts and the expression of RANKL, of receptors for TNF-α (TNF-αR) and interferon γ (IFN-γR) on clusters of differentiation (CD) three positive T cells were analyzed by flow cytometry. Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β3, bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2, phosphorylated protein mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 2 (pSMAD-2), RANKL and Dickkopf-1 protein (DKK-1) positive staining in CIOA joints were determined by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: The administration of glucosamine hydrochloride in CIOA mice inhibited loss of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and proteoglycans (PGs) in cartilage, bone erosion and osteophyte formation. It decreased the levels of soluble RANKL and IL-6 and induced IL-10 increase in the CIOA joint fluids. Glucosamine limited the number of CD11b positive Ly6G neutrophils and RANKL positive CD3 T cells in the joint extracts. It suppressed bone resorption via down-regulation of RANKL expression and affected bone remodeling in CIOA by decreasing BMP-2, TGF-β3 and pSMAD-2 expression and up-regulating DKK-1 joint levels. CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest that glucosamine hydrochloride inhibits bone resorption through down-regulation of RANKL expression in the joints, via reduction of the number of RANKL positive CD3 T cells and the level of sRANKL in the joints extracts. These effects of glucosamine appear to be critical for the progression of CIOA and result in limited bone remodeling of the joints
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