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    The role of the competitive context in the business strategy-formulation process

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    Questo paper tratta delle relazioni che esistono tra il contesto competitivo di un’impresa e il modo con cui essa formula la propria strategia a livello di business. All’interno di un progetto di ricerca più ampio, si è analizzato un campione di aree strategiche d’affari di alcune grandi imprese italiane. I rimutati del lavoro indicano che due fattori ambientali sono particolarmente rilevanti: i cambiamenti nei bisogni dei clienti delle imprese e il tasso di crescita della domanda. Si è inoltre potuto apprezzare che anche le grandi imprese non utilizzano strumenti sofisticati nei propri processi di formulazione della strategia competitiva.This paper deals with the relationships that exist between the competitive context of the firm and the way it formulates its strategy at the business level. A research project surveyed a sample of strategic business areas from medium and large-sized firms in Italy. The main results are that two environmental factors are particularly relevant: changes in the needs of the firm’s customers and demand growth rate. Moreover, it transpired that even larger firms do not use sophisticated tools to formulate their competitive strateg

    Archetypes of SME internationalization: A configurational approach

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    Building on the recognition of the variety of aspects associated with international expansion, we present a framework for identifying different archetypes of firm internationalization. Our model is based on six indicators: internationalization from the demand side, resources located abroad, geographical scope, international orientation, internationalization of the business network, and financial internationalization. Drawing from data on 63 Italian SMEs, four archetypes of internationalization strategy are identified through a cluster analysis: ‘marketer’, ‘investor’, ‘networker’, and ‘weak internationalizer’. This study offers a methodological contribution to the analysis of firm-level internationalization, grounded in configurational theory, which defines strategies as multidimensional archetypes. We also discuss potential directions for future researc

    Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis

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    The present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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