31 research outputs found
Education in flux: Studies on time, forms and reform
No full textOver the last decennia, both education and policy-making have undergone radical changes, transcending them far beyond the historical limits of the modern nation-state where their contemporary shape originated. The often-discussed shift from government to governance in education policy, together with the crystallization of newly emerging spaces of transnational education, are illustrative in this respect. The national grammar of schooling is set out to arrange time in class hours, schooldays and yearly cohorts. Its curricula establish what the past should teach to future generations. But when education shifts perspectives towards transnational, European or even global levels, this past increasingly seems to lose relevance when understood as continuity, as tradition. Instead, in education as in policy-making, the discontinuity expected to result from a future deemed open and undetermined becomes an endless resource for the development of new political and educational (re)forms. How are contemporary education and education policy creating and reacting to particular forms of presents, pasts or futures? How do specific forms of education (such as lifelong learning) relate to our shifting understandings of time? How are progress, acceleration and time related in educational reform processes? Through showing the contingency of the involved time-making, the contributions to this book seek to answer these questions and thus open avenues to think education and time anew
Laws of Edu-Automation? Three Different Approaches to Deal with Processes of Automation and Artificial Intelligence in the Field of Education
No full textThis contribution reports on a symposium that aimed to collectively discuss different approaches to deal with processes of automation and artificial intelligence (AI) in the field of education. Inspired by Asimov’s Laws of Robotics and Pasquale's recently published New Laws of Robotics, the symposium’s purpose was to collectively advance laws that would be specifically tailored to the field of education. In that regard, the term edu-automation seeks to propose ways of conceptualizing and imagining automation as an educational endeavor; that is, not as a purely technical-factual matter that is subsequently translated into educational practice, but equally as a matter of educational concern. Through three narratives and propositions, this contribution discusses similarities and differences between the concepts of automation and AI, and shows some of the different features that tie education and automation together. The variety and substantial differences between the three accounts shows that automation and AI cannot be approached single-sidedly, and that in order to come to a profound understanding of this phenomenon, we need to deploy a variety of theoretical, educational, and normative standpoints and positions
Pandemic Acceleration: Covid-19 and the emergency digitalization of European education
No full textWith schools and universities closing across Europe, the Covid-19 lockdown left actors in the field of education battling with the unprecedented challenge of finding a meaningful way to keep the wheels of education turning online. The sudden need for digital solutions across the field of education resulted in the emergence of a variety of digital networks and collaborative online platforms. In this joint article from scholars around Europe, we explore the Covid-19 lockdowns of physical education across the European region, and the different processes of emergency digitalization that followed in their wake. Spanning perspectives from Italy, Germany, Belgium, and the Nordic countries, the article’s five cases provide a glimpse of how these processes have at the same time accelerated and consolidated the involvement of various commercial and non-commercial actors in public education infrastructures. By gathering documentation, registering dynamics, and making intimations of the crisis as it unfolded, the aim of the joint paper is to provide an opportunity for considering the implications of these accelerations and consolidations for the heterogeneous futures of European education.status: Published onlin
Neural Methods Comparison for Prediction of Heating Energy Based on Few Hundreds Enhanced Buildings in Four Season’s Climate
No full textSustainable development and the increasing demand for equitable energy use as well as the reduction of waste of energy are the author’s social and scientific motivations. This new paradigm is the selection of a pertinent methodology to evaluate the efficiency of habitat thermomodernization, which is one of the scientific tasks of the presented study. In order to meet the social and scientific requirements, 380 buildings from the end of the last century (made of large plate technology), which were thermally improved at the beginning of the XXI century, were designed for a comparative analysis of the predictive modelling of heating energy consumption. A specific set of important variables characterizing the examined buildings has been identified. Groups of variables were used to estimate the energy consumption in such a way as to achieve a compromise between the difficulty of obtaining them and the quality of forecast. To predict energy consumption, the six most appropriate neural methods were used: artificial neural networks (ANN), general regression trees (CART), exhaustive regression trees (CHAID), support regression trees (SRT), support vectors (SV), and method multivariant adaptive regression splines (MARS). The quality assessment of the developed models used the mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) also known as mean absolute percentage deviation (MAPD), as well as mean bias error (MBE), coefficient of variance of the root mean square error (CV RMSE) and coefficient of determination (R2), which are accepted as statistical calibration standards by (American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers) ASHRAE. On this basis, the most effective method has been chosen, which gives the best results and therefore allows to forecast with great precision the energy consumption (after thermal improvement) for this type of residential building
The evolution of surfaces and their measurement
No full textSurfaces and their interactions are at the heart of living systems and all moving objects.
They have fascinated man from the ancient Egyptians, through Leonardo Da Vinci in the
Renaissance period, to nanotechnologists of today. This paper elucidates the science of
surfaces and their interactions, covering the importance of surfaces and how they influence us
all in terms of energy, environment and quality of life. It attempts to uncover the story of
mankind‟s deepening understanding of surfaces and their measurement, and to provide an
overview of surface measurement and shows how current thinking has evolved from a
complicated historical background
Investigations of the complex wear mechanisms of tram wheel tyres
No full textInternational audienceNowadays, the dynamic development of public transport is seen as one of the main ways to reduce exhaust emissions and, consequently, the greenhouse effect. One of the fastest-growing branches in this area is the building and evolution of tram lines. One of the conditions for the success of this transport method is the durability and reliability of the rail vehicles used. From a tribological point of view, friction behaviour and potential wear processes in the tram's rail-wheel contact is of special importance. Therefore, taking into account the specific structure of the tram wheel, the main goal of this study was to identify and characterise the wear mechanisms on the two areas most exposed: the running surface and the top surface of tyre flange. Furthermore, a detailed analysis of the surface topography of the worn surfaces of the tyres, with regard to the wear processes, was carried out. This part of the study included the measurements and analysis of the height parameters of the roughness and Abbott-Firestone curves (with their characteristics), both in accordance with the ISO 25178 standard. On this basis, it was found which parameters best characterise the evolution of the surface topography from the initial state to the worn one. As a consequence, those that have the potential to control the state of the tram wheels' tyres (mainly the level of wear) during operation are proposed. © 2022 The Author
