13 research outputs found
The (in)visible voice of the translator in Trollkarlens Hatt / Finn Family Moomintroll / A Família dos Mumins : Eight occurrences of translation of the Swedish text to Portuguese through English
No full textEste trabalho é o resultado de uma pesquisa qualitativa sobre a tradução do livro Trollkarlens Hatt, Finn Family Moomintroll, A Família dos Muminsda autora finlandesa Tove Jansson. A partir de oito ocorrências de tradução foi avaliada a (in)visibilidade das tradutoras Elizabeth Portch na versão inglesa e Mafalda Eliseu na versão portuguesa. Através de uma análise dos métodos de tradução está confirmada a teoria da literatura para crianças: os fenômenos de domesticação e estrangeirizaçãoaparecem na tradução num compromisso equilibrado, porém, com o foco na cultura e na língua alvo, num diálogo com o leitor. Para além disso, pode-se perceber que entram outras considerações nas decisões do tradutor: as preferências estilísticas e pessoais. Também poderia ter sido discutida uma certa dominância da língua inglesa, mas pela dificuldade com uma terceira língua na análise, deve ser preservada para futuros estudos.This paper is the result of a qualitative research of the translation of the book Trollkarlens Hatt, Finn Family Moomintroll, A Família dos Mumins written by the Finnish author Tove Jansson. The (in)visibility of the translators Elizabeth Portch of the English version and Mafalda Eliseu of the Portuguese version is evaluated through eight excerpts of translation. The analysis of the methods used in these translations confirms the theory of children ́s literature: the phenomena of domestication and foreignization appear as a balanced compromise, however, with the focus on the target culture and language, in a dialogue with the reader. In addition, there are other considerations that intervene in the decision-making of the translator: stylistic and personal preferences. Also a certain dominance of the English language could have been discussed, but for the difficulty that a third language causes in the analysis, that must be preserved for future studie
Changes in sexual desire and behaviors among UK young adults during social lockdown due to COVID-19
No full textThis study examined self-reported changes in young adults’ sexual desire and behaviors during the most significant social restrictions imposed to deal with COVID-19. Drawing on a survey of 565 British adults aged 18–32 collected at the peak of social lockdown restrictions, we document an overall decrease in sexual behaviors consistent with abiding by social restrictions. We found that the levels of sexual desire reported by women (but not men) decreased compared with reports of pre-lockdown levels. Participants in serious relationships reported more increases in sexual activity than people who were single or dating casually, and there were significant differences according to gender and sexual orientation. The perceived impact of subjective wellbeing of people with high sociosexuality scores was disproportionately associated with social lockdown but there was no effect for general health. Thus, the impact on sexuality and general wellbeing should be considered by policymakers when considering future social restrictions related to COVID-19 or other public health emergencies.© 2021, The Author(s). This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
GOVERNOR ROY BARNES TO SUMMARIZE EDUCATION REFORM PACKAGE AT UGA LAW DAY; MAJOR INTERNATIONAL MILITARY TRIAL ALSO RE-ENACTED
No full textMonday, March 20, 2000
WRITER: Kathy R. Pharr, (706) 542-5172, [email protected]
CONTACT: Jill Birch, (706) 542-5190, [email protected]
Bill Weber, (706) 542-2739, [email protected]
GOVERNOR ROY BARNES TO SUMMARIZE EDUCATION REFORM PACKAGE AT UGA LAW DAY; MAJOR INTERNATIONAL MILITARY TRIAL ALSO RE-ENACTED
ATHENS, Ga. -- Georgia Governor Roy Barnes, State School Board Chairman Otis Brumby, and Board of Regents Chancellor Stephen Portch will summarize the state education reform effort during the University of Georgia School of Law\u27s observance of Law Day on Friday, March 31 from 9:30 - 10:30 a.m. in the UGA Chapel. Their panel discussion will focus upon the final provisions of The Future of Education in Georgia: A+ Education Reform Act of 2000, the landmark bill which has just passed the Georgia General Assembly.
Both Barnes and Brumby are alumni of the UGA law school, Barnes earning his law degree in 1972 and Brumby in 1965. Following their discussion, the three panelists will entertain 15 minutes of questions from the audience.
The future of public education in our state is obviously of prime importance to every Georgia citizen, but of especially keen interest to parents, educators and students themselves, said David Shipley, dean of the UGA law school. We are pleased to be able to deliver information straight from the top to the local community through this unique Law Day forum. It\u27s also beneficial to our law students to understand the role of lawyers as public servants and catalysts for social change.
The afternoon program for Law Day will feature the trial re-enactment of portions of a major international military scandal: The Aviano Trial: Military Pilots Out-of-Control or a Tragic Accident? presented in the UGA Chapel from 2:30 - 4:30 p.m. Attorneys attending may earn 1.5 hours of continuing legal education credit in trial practice.
The incident occurred in February 1998, when Marine pilot Richard Ashby severed a ski gondola cable while flying at a low altitude during a training mission through the Italian Alps. The gondola crashed to the slopes below, killing 20 multinational tourists who were on board. Captain Ashby was court-martialed on 20 counts of involuntary manslaughter and various other counts involving the destruction of military and civilian property. He was acquitted of all charges by a military jury, following a 5-week trial that cost the U.S. government more than $2 million. The verdict, covered by more news outlets worldwide than the O.J. Simpson acquittal, strained U.S.-Italian diplomatic relations and -- many commentators believe -- led to the early release from U.S. prisons of convicted Italian terrorists.
The lead military defense counsel for Ashby was Major Bill Weber, a UGA law school alumnus who joined the law school as director of advocacy last fall. Weber will lead his moot court and mock trial students in a re-enactment of portions of the trial, utilizing trial transcripts for crucial direct- and cross-examination, displaying trial exhibits, and replaying actual flight simulations demonstrated to the jury.
I think that a lot of people who heard the verdict went away thinking that the trial was just a sham and that in the end, a bunch of Marine Corps officers simply protected one of their own, said Weber. That\u27s not true, but that is how the case was portrayed by the media. It\u27s important for people to understand that the military doesn\u27t whitewash things like this. The government just didn\u27t have a case. No trial observer present for the whole proceeding was shocked by the verdict, and now a local audience will be able to examine the prosecution\u27s case and the defense\u27s case and make up their own minds as to whether the acquittal was just.
The morning program on education reform and the afternoon trial re-enactment are the focal points of an entire day of activities billed as Family Day at the law school: family members of first-year law students observe classes, tour the facilities, and attend a student awards luncheon.
Law Day/Family Day concludes with a benefit auction at Tasty World, located in downtown Athens at the corner of Broad and Jackson Streets, at 7:30 p.m. Proceeds from the event, sponsored by the Student Bar Association and Equal Justice Foundation, help provide summer stipends for law students who accept fellowships in non-funded public interest law positions. Auction items include a BAR/BRI course; unique activities and items donated by faculty, staff and alumni; local business packages; and UGA sports memorabilia. Tickets to the auction are available at the door.
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Does current evidence support the use of intraoperative cell salvage in reducing the need for blood transfusion in caesarean section?
No full textPurpose of review: An important cause of maternal morbidity and direct maternal death is obstetric haemorrhage at caesarean section. Concerns regarding allogeneic blood safety, limited blood supplies and rising health costs have collectively generated enthusiasm for the utility of methods intended to reduce the use of allogeneic blood transfusion in cases of haemorrhage at caesarean section. This can be achieved by intraoperative cell salvage (IOCS). The aim of this review is to summarize and examine the evidence for the efficacy of IOCS during caesarean section, in women at risk of haemorrhage, in reducing the need for allogeneic blood transfusion. Recent findings: The majority of the evidence currently available is from case reports and case series. Although this evidence appears to support the use of IOCS in obstetrics, strong clinical evidence or economic effectiveness from clinical trials are essential to support the routine practice of IOCS in obstetrics. Summary: Current evidence is limited to reported case series and two small controlled studies. Overall, IOCS may reduce the need for allogeneic blood transfusions during caesarean section. Future large randomized trials are required to assess effectiveness, cost effectiveness and safety. The results of the current ongoing SALVO (A randomised controlled trial of intra-operative cell salvage during caesarean section in women at risk of haemorrhage) trial will shed light on these aspects.</p
Associations of intraoperative end–tidal CO2 levels with postoperative outcome–secondary analysis of a worldwide observational study
No full textBackground: Patients receiving intraoperative ventilation during general anesthesia often have low end–tidal CO2 (etCO2). We examined the association of intraoperative etCO2 levels with the occurrence of postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) in a conveniently–sized international, prospective study named ‘Local ASsessment of Ventilatory management during General Anesthesia for Surgery’ (LAS VEGAS). Methods: Patients at high risk of PPCs were categorized as ‘low etCO2’ or ‘normal to high etCO2’ patients, using a cut–off of 35 mmHg. The primary endpoint was a composite of previously defined PPCs; the individual PPCs served as secondary endpoints. The need for unplanned oxygen was defined as mild PPCs and severe PPCs included pneumonia, respiratory failure, acute respiratory distress syndrome, barotrauma, and new invasive ventilation. We performed propensity score matching and LOESS regression to evaluate the relationship between the lowest etCO2 and PPCs. Results: The analysis included 1843 (74 %) ‘low etCO2’ patients and 648 (26 %) ‘normal to high etCO2’ patients. There was no difference in the occurrence of PPCs between ‘low etCO2’ and ‘normal to high etCO2’ patients (20 % vs. 19 %; RR 1.00 [95 %–confidence interval 0.94 to 1.06]; P = 0.84). The proportion of severe PPCs among total occurring PPCs, were higher in ‘low etCO2’ patients compared to ‘normal to high etCO2’ patients (35 % vs. 18 %; RR 1.16 [1.08 to 1.25]; P < 0.001). Propensity score matching did not change these findings. LOESS plot showed an inverse relationship of intraoperative etCO2 levels with the occurrence of PPCs. Conclusions: In this cohort of patients at high risk of PPCs, the overall occurrence of PPCs was not different between ‘low etCO2’ patients and ‘normal to high etCO2’ patients, but severe PPCs occurred more often in ‘low etCO2’, with an inverse dose–dependent relationship between intraoperative etCO2 levels and PPCs. Funding: This analysis was performed without additional funding. LAS VEGAS was partially funded and endorsed by the European Society of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care (ESAIC) and the Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location ‘AMC’. Registration: LAS VEGAS was registered at Clinicaltrials.gov (NCT01601223), first posted on May 17, 2012
Association of preoperative smoking with the occurrence of postoperative pulmonary complications: A post hoc analysis of an observational study in 29 countries
No full textIntroduction: While smoking has been consistently identified as a significant contributor to postoperative complications, the existing literature on its association with postoperative pulmonary complications remains conflicting. Aim: We examined the association of preoperative smoking with the occurrence of postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs). Methods: Post hoc analysis of an observational study in 146 hospitals across 29 countries. We included patients at increased risk of PPCs, according to the Assess Respiratory Risk in Surgical Patients in Catalonia (ARISCAT) score (≥ 26 points). The primary endpoint was the occurrence of one or more predefined PPCs in the first five postoperative days, including unplanned postoperative need for supplementary oxygen, respiratory failure, unplanned need for invasive ventilation, ARDS, pneumonia and pneumothorax. Secondary endpoints included length of hospital stay and in–hospital mortality. We performed propensity score matching to correct for factors with a known association with postoperative outcomes. Results: Out of 2632 patients, 531 (20.2 %) patients were smokers and 2102 (79.8 %) non-smokers. At five days after surgery, 101 (19.0 %) smokers versus 404 (19.2) non–smokers had developed one or more PPCs (P = 0.95). Respiratory failure was more common in smokers (5.1 %) than non–smokers (3.0 %) (P = 0.02), while rates of other PPCs like need for supplementary oxygen, invasive ventilation, ARDS, pneumonia, or pneumothorax did not differ between the groups. Length of hospital stay and mortality was not different between groups. Propensity score matching did not change the findings. Conclusion: The occurrence of PPCs in smokers is not different from non–smokers. Funding: This analysis was performed without additional funding. LAS VEGAS was partially funded and endorsed by the European Society of Anaesthesiology through their Clinical Trial Network and the Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Registration: LAS VEGAS was registered at Clinicaltrials.gov (NCT01601223). Prior presentation: Preliminary study results have been presented at the Euroanaesthesia 2024 International Congress, in Munich, Germany
Association of preoperative smoking with the occurrence of postoperative pulmonary complications: A post hoc analysis of an observational study in 29 countries
No full textIntroduction: While smoking has been consistently identified as a significant contributor to postoperative complications, the existing literature on its association with postoperative pulmonary complications remains conflicting. Aim: We examined the association of preoperative smoking with the occurrence of postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs). Methods: Post hoc analysis of an observational study in 146 hospitals across 29 countries. We included patients at increased risk of PPCs, according to the Assess Respiratory Risk in Surgical Patients in Catalonia (ARISCAT) score (≥ 26 points). The primary endpoint was the occurrence of one or more predefined PPCs in the first five postoperative days, including unplanned postoperative need for supplementary oxygen, respiratory failure, unplanned need for invasive ventilation, ARDS, pneumonia and pneumothorax. Secondary endpoints included length of hospital stay and in–hospital mortality. We performed propensity score matching to correct for factors with a known association with postoperative outcomes. Results: Out of 2632 patients, 531 (20.2 %) patients were smokers and 2102 (79.8 %) non-smokers. At five days after surgery, 101 (19.0 %) smokers versus 404 (19.2) non–smokers had developed one or more PPCs (P = 0.95). Respiratory failure was more common in smokers (5.1 %) than non–smokers (3.0 %) (P = 0.02), while rates of other PPCs like need for supplementary oxygen, invasive ventilation, ARDS, pneumonia, or pneumothorax did not differ between the groups. Length of hospital stay and mortality was not different between groups. Propensity score matching did not change the findings. Conclusion: The occurrence of PPCs in smokers is not different from non–smokers. Funding: This analysis was performed without additional funding. LAS VEGAS was partially funded and endorsed by the European Society of Anaesthesiology through their Clinical Trial Network and the Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Registration: LAS VEGAS was registered at Clinicaltrials.gov (NCT01601223). Prior presentation: Preliminary study results have been presented at the Euroanaesthesia 2024 International Congress, in Munich, Germany
Sex dependence of postoperative pulmonary complications – A post hoc unmatched and matched analysis of LAS VEGAS
No full textStudy objective: Male sex has inconsistently been associated with the development of postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs). These studies were different in size, design, population and preoperative risk. We reanalysed the database of 'Local ASsessment of Ventilatory management during General Anaesthesia for Surgery study' (LAS VEGAS) to evaluate differences between females and males with respect to PPCs. Design, setting and patients: Post hoc unmatched and matched analysis of LAS VEGAS, an international observational study in patients undergoing intraoperative ventilation under general anaesthesia for surgery in 146 hospitals across 29 countries. The primary endpoint was a composite of PPCs in the first 5 postoperative days. Individual PPCs, hospital length of stay and mortality were secondary endpoints. Propensity score matching was used to create a similar cohort regarding type of surgery and epidemiological factors with a known association with development of PPCs. Main results: The unmatched cohort consisted of 9697 patients; 5342 (55.1%) females and 4355 (44.9%) males. The matched cohort consisted of 6154 patients; 3077 (50.0%) females and 3077 (50.0%) males. The incidence in PPCs was neither significant between females and males in the unmatched cohort (10.0 vs 10.7%; odds ratio (OR) 0.93 [0.81-1.06]; P = 0.255), nor in the matched cohort (10.5 vs 10.0%; OR 1.05 [0.89-1.25]; P = 0.556). New invasive ventilation occurred less often in females in the unmatched cohort. Hospital length of stay and mortality were similar between females and males in both cohorts. Conclusions: In this conveniently-sized worldwide cohort of patients receiving intraoperative ventilation under general anaesthesia for surgery, the PPC incidence was not significantly different between sexes. Registration: LAS VEGAS was registered at clinicaltrial.gov (study identifier NCT01601223)
Intraoperative ventilator settings and their association with postoperative pulmonary complications in neurosurgical patients: Post-hoc analysis of LAS VEGAS study
No full textBackground: Limited information is available regarding intraoperative ventilator settings and the incidence of postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) in patients undergoing neurosurgical procedures. The aim of this post-hoc analysis of the 'Multicentre Local ASsessment of VEntilatory management during General Anaesthesia for Surgery' (LAS VEGAS) study was to examine the ventilator settings of patients undergoing neurosurgical procedures, and to explore the association between perioperative variables and the development of PPCs in neurosurgical patients. Methods: Post-hoc analysis of LAS VEGAS study, restricted to patients undergoing neurosurgery. Patients were stratified into groups based on the type of surgery (brain and spine), the occurrence of PPCs and the assess respiratory risk in surgical patients in Catalonia (ARISCAT) score risk for PPCs. Results: Seven hundred eighty-four patients were included in the analysis; 408 patients (52%) underwent spine surgery and 376 patients (48%) brain surgery. Median tidal volume (VT) was 8 ml [Interquartile Range, IQR = 7.3-9] per predicted body weight; median positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) was 5 [3 to 5] cmH20. Planned recruitment manoeuvres were used in the 6.9% of patients. No differences in ventilator settings were found among the sub-groups. PPCs occurred in 81 patients (10.3%). Duration of anaesthesia (odds ratio, 1.295 [95% confidence interval 1.067 to 1.572]; p = 0.009) and higher age for the brain group (odds ratio, 0.000 [0.000 to 0.189]; p = 0.031), but not intraoperative ventilator settings were independently associated with development of PPCs. Conclusions: Neurosurgical patients are ventilated with low VT and low PEEP, while recruitment manoeuvres are seldom applied. Intraoperative ventilator settings are not associated with PPCs
Sex difference and intra-operative tidal volume: Insights from the LAS VEGAS study
No full textBACKGROUND: One key element of lung-protective ventilation is the use of a low tidal volume (VT). A sex difference in use of low tidal volume ventilation (LTVV) has been described in critically ill ICU patients.OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to determine whether a sex difference in use of LTVV also exists in operating room patients, and if present what factors drive this difference.DESIGN, PATIENTS AND SETTING: This is a posthoc analysis of LAS VEGAS, a 1-week worldwide observational study in adults requiring intra-operative ventilation during general anaesthesia for surgery in 146 hospitals in 29 countries.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Women and men were compared with respect to use of LTVV, defined as VT of 8 ml kg-1 or less predicted bodyweight (PBW). A VT was deemed 'default' if the set VT was a round number. A mediation analysis assessed which factors may explain the sex difference in use of LTVV during intra-operative ventilation.RESULTS: This analysis includes 9864 patients, of whom 5425 (55%) were women. A default VT was often set, both in women and men; mode VT was 500 ml. Median [IQR] VT was higher in women than in men (8.6 [7.7 to 9.6] vs. 7.6 [6.8 to 8.4] ml kg-1 PBW, P < 0.001). Compared with men, women were twice as likely not to receive LTVV [68.8 vs. 36.0%; relative risk ratio 2.1 (95% CI 1.9 to 2.1), P < 0.001]. In the mediation analysis, patients' height and actual body weight (ABW) explained 81 and 18% of the sex difference in use of LTVV, respectively; it was not explained by the use of a default VT.CONCLUSION: In this worldwide cohort of patients receiving intra-operative ventilation during general anaesthesia for surgery, women received a higher VT than men during intra-operative ventilation. The risk for a female not to receive LTVV during surgery was double that of males. Height and ABW were the two mediators of the sex difference in use of LTVV.TRIAL REGISTRATION: The study was registered at Clinicaltrials.gov, NCT01601223
