22 research outputs found
Implications of ICU triage decisions on patient mortality: a cost-effectiveness analysis
No full textINTRODUCTION: Intensive care is generally regarded as expensive, and as a result beds are limited. This has raised serious questions about rationing when there are insufficient beds for all those referred. However, the evidence for the cost effectiveness of intensive care is weak and the work that does exist usually assumes that those who are not admitted do not survive, which is not always the case. Randomised studies of the effectiveness of intensive care are difficult to justify on ethical grounds; therefore, this observational study examined the cost effectiveness of ICU admission by comparing patients who were accepted into ICU after ICU triage to those who were not accepted, while attempting to adjust such comparison for confounding factors. METHODS: This multi-centre observational cohort study involved 11 hospitals in 7 EU countries and was designed to assess the cost effectiveness of admission to intensive care after ICU triage. A total of 7,659 consecutive patients referred to the intensive care unit (ICU) were divided into those accepted for admission and those not accepted. The two groups were compared in terms of cost and mortality using multilevel regression models to account for differences across centres, and after adjusting for age, Karnofsky score and indication for ICU admission. The analyses were also stratified by categories of Simplified Acute Physiology Score (SAPS) II predicted mortality (40%). Cost effectiveness was evaluated as cost per life saved and cost per life-year saved. RESULTS: Admission to ICU produced a relative reduction in mortality risk, expressed as odds ratio, of 0.70 (0.52 to 0.94) at 28 days. When stratified by predicted mortality, the odds ratio was 1.49 (0.79 to 2.81), 0.7 (0.51 to 0.97) and 0.55 (0.37 to 0.83) for 40% predicted mortality, respectively. Average cost per life saved for all patients was 7,065 (€5,607). These figures decreased substantially for patients with predicted mortality higher than 40%, 4,088 (€3,244), respectively. Results were very similar when considering three-month mortality. Sensitivity analyses performed to assess the robustness of the results provided findings similar to the main analyses. CONCLUSIONS: Not only does ICU appear to produce an improvement in survival, but the cost per life saved falls for patients with greater severity of illness. This suggests that intensive care is similarly cost effective to other therapies that are generally regarded as essential
Stop 2 Kainui silt loam and Naike clay, Gordonton Rd
No full textAt this stop are several remarkable features both stratigraphic and pedological, and a “two-storied” soil, the Kainui silt loam alongside (in just a few places) the Naike clay. Both soils are Ultisols. The sequence of tephra beds and buried soil horizons spanning about 1 million years was exposed in 2007 by road works
The Eldicus prospective, observational study of triage decision making in European intensive care units: Part I-European Intensive Care Admission Triage Scores
No full textObjective: Life and death triage decisions are made daily by intensive care unit physicians. Scoring systems have been developed for prognosticating intensive care unit mortality but none for intensive care unit triage. The objective of this study was to develop an intensive care unit triage decision rule based on 28-day mortality rates of admitted and refused patients.
Design: Prospective, observational study of triage decisions from September 2003 until March 2005.
Setting: Eleven intensive care units in seven European countries.
Patients: All patients >18 yrs with a request for intensive care unit admission.
Interventions: Admission or rejection to an intensive care unit.
Measurements and Main Results: Clinical, laboratory, and physiological variables and data from severity scores were collected. Separate scores for accepted and rejected patients with 28-day mortality end point were built. Values for variables were grouped into categories determined by the locally weighted least squares graphical method applied to the logit of the mortality and by univariate logistic regressions for reducing candidates for the score. Multivariate logistic regression was used to construct the final score. Cutoff values for 99.5% specificity were determined. Of 6796 patients, 5602 were admitted and 1194 rejected. The initial refusal score included age, diagnosis, systolic blood pressure, pulse, respirations, creatinine, bilirubin, PaO2, bicarbonate, albumin, use of vasopressors, Glasgow Coma Scale score, Karnofsky Scale, operative status and chronic disorder, and the initial refusal receiver operating characteristics were area under the curve 0.77 (95% confidence interval 0.76–0.79). The final triage score included age, diagnosis, creatinine, white blood cells, platelets, albumin, use of vasopressors, Glasgow Coma Scale score, Karnofsky Scale, operative status and chronic disorder, and the final score receiver operating characteristics were area under the curve 0.83 (95% confidence interval 0.80–0.86). Patients with initial refusal scores >173.5 or final triage scores = 0 should be rejected.
Conclusions: The initial refusal score and final triage score provide objective data for rejecting patients that will die even if admitted to the intensive care unit and survive if refused intensive care unit admission
The Eldicus prospective, observational study of triage decision making in European intensive care units : part II: Intensive care benefit for the elderly
No full textRationale: Life and death triage decisions are made daily by intensive care unit physicians. Admission to an intensive care unit is denied when intensive care unit resources are constrained, especially for the elderly.
Objective: To determine the effect of intensive care unit triage decisions on mortality and intensive care unit benefit, specifically for elderly patients.
Design: Prospective, observational study of triage decisions from September 2003 until March 2005.
Setting: Eleven intensive care units in seven European countries.
Patients: All patients >18 yrs with an explicit request for intensive care unit admission.
Interventions: Admission or rejection to intensive care unit.
Measurements and Main Results: Demographic, clinical, hospital, physiologic variables, and 28-day mortality were obtained on consecutive patients. There were 8,472 triages in 6,796 patients, 5,602 (82%) were accepted to the intensive care unit, 1,194 (18%) rejected; 3,795 (49%) were >65 yrs. Refusal rate increased with increasing patient age (18-44: 11%; 45-64: 15%; 65-74: 18%; 75-84: 23%; >84: 36%). Mortality was higher for older patients (18-44: 11%; 45-64: 21%; 65-74: 29%; 75-84: 37%; >84: 48%). Differences between mortalities of accepted vs. rejected patients, however, were greatest for older patients (18-44: 10.2% vs. 12.5%; 45-64: 21.2% vs. 22.3%; 65-74: 27.9% vs. 34.6%; 75-84: 35.5% vs. 40.4%; >84: 41.5% vs. 58.5%). Logistic regression showed a greater mortality reduction for accepted vs. rejected patients corrected for disease severity for elderly patients (age >65 [odds ratio 0.65, 95% confidence interval 0.550.78, p <.0001]) than younger patients (age <65 [odds ratio 0.74, 95% confidence interval 0.57-0.97, p = .01]).
Conclusions: Despite the fact that elderly patients have more intensive care unit rejections than younger patients and have a higher mortality when admitted, the mortality benefit appears greater for the elderly. Physicians should consider changing their intensive care unit triage practices for the elderly
Exercise in cancer care for people with lung cancer: A narrative synthesis
No full textObjectives: Lung cancer is the second most common cancer diagnosed worldwide, resulting in significant physical and psychological consequences. In this narrative review, we explore the role of exercise as an adjunct therapy to counteract health issues experienced by people before, during and after treatment for lung cancer, and offer recommendations for exercise prescription and future research. Design: Narrative cornerstone review. Methods: A narrative review was conducted to explore the role of exercise in cancer care for people diagnosed with lung cancer. Results: Improvements in fitness, strength and quality of life have been demonstrated in people with lung cancer following participation in exercise programmes before, during and post treatment. Whilst combined aerobic (50–100 % heart rate maximum) and resistance (50–85 % of 1 repetition maximum) training, 2–5 times per week across the cancer continuum is typically prescribed, few people with lung cancer currently access exercise services. ‘Optimal’ exercise prescription is unclear, although is likely individual-specific. The immediate priority is to identify a tolerable starting exercise dosage, with the side effects of lung cancer and its treatment on the respiratory system, particularly shortness of breath (dyspnoea), likely driving the initial maximum threshold for session mode, duration and intensity. To date, exercise safety for people with lung cancer has been poorly evaluated and reported — few trials report it, but those that do report small numbers of serious adverse events. Conclusions: Recommendations for health professionals prescribing exercise therapy to people with lung cancer are provided, with consideration of the strengths and limitations of the current evidence base
Deon Bahr Architectural Image Collection
No full textCreators and Architects in this collection:
Abadie, Paul, 1812-1884; Adam, Robert, 1728-1792; Aga, Davut, d. 1599 ;Cavus, Dalgic Ahmed ;Aga, Mustafa; Alberti, Leon Battista, 1404-1472; Alexandros of Antioch-on-the-Menander; Ambasz, Emilio; Ammannati, Bartolomeo, 1511-1592; Andrews, Todd, sculptor; Anthemios, ho Trallianos, 6th cent. ;Isidorus, of Miletus, 6th cent.; Armajani, Siah, 1939-; Arnal, Leon Eugene; Arnolfo, di Cambio, 13th cent.; Arnolfo, di Cambio, active 13th century; Arp, Jean, 1887-1966; Aycock, Alice; Bacon, Henry, 1866-1924; Bahr, Deon F.; Baizerman, Saul, 1889-1957; Balyan, Garabet ;Baylan, Nigogayos; Barnes, Edward Larrabee, 1915-; Barnett, George Dennis, 1863-ca. 1925; Barry, Charles, Sir, 1795-1860; Baum, Dwight James, 1886-1939; Beasley, Bruce, 1939-; Beattie, W. Hamilton; Beindorf, Charles F.; Belluschi, Pietro, 1899-1994; Benedetto, da Maiano, 1442-1497; Benton, Fletcher, 1931-; Bernini, Gian Lorenzo, 1598-1680; Birkerts, Gunnar; Blackall, Clarence H., 1857-1942; Bladen, Ronald, 1918-1988; Boal, Theodore Davis, 1867-1938; Bodley, G. F. (George Frederick); Bodley, Thomas, Sir, 1545-1613; Borcherot, Fred; Borromini, Francesco, 1599-1667; Bourgeois, Louis, 1856-1930; Bowen, Gary Roger; Boyington, William W., 1818-1898; Bramante, Donato, 1444?-1514; Brancusi, Constantin, 1876-1957; Breuer, Marcel, 1902-1981; Breuer, Marcel, 1902-1981 ;Zehrfuss, Bernard ;Nervi, Pier Luigi; Brown, Arthur, 1874-1957; Brown, Lancelot, 1716-1783 ;Pope, Alexander, 1688-1744; Brunelleschi, Filippo, 1377-1446; Buchanan, Sidney; Buonarroti, Michelangelo (1475-1564); Buontalenti, Bernardo, 1536-1608; Burnham, Daniel H. (Daniel Hudson), 1886-1961 ;Burnham, Hubert, 1882-1968; Burnham, Daniel Hudson, 1846-1912; Burton, Scott, 1939-1989; Butterfield, Deborah, 1949-; Calder, Alexander, 1898-1976; Cameron, Ralph, 1892-1970; Caprarola, Cola da, 1494?-1518; Carlisle, Roger; Cesar Pelli; Chagall, Marc, 1887-1985; Chermayeff, Peter; Cochrane, John C.; Contino, Antonio di Bernardino, 1506-1600; Cossutta, Araldo; Craig, Fritz; Crane, C. Howard (Charles Howard), 1885-1952; Creator.Persons#1; Cret, Paul Philippe, 1876-1945; Da Ponte, Antonio, ca. 1512-1597; De Yevele, Henry, d. 1400; Delk, Edward Beuhler, 1885-1956; Dine, Jim, 1935-; Diotisalvi, fl. 1152; Domenic, da Cortona, ca. 1470-ca. 1549; Donald Grieb Associates; Dougherty, Patrick, 1945-; Dubuffet, Jean, 1901-1985; Eads, James Buchanan, 1820-1887; Edbrooke, Frank, 1840-1921; Edbrooke, Willoughby J.; Edbrooke, Willoughby J., 1843-1896 ;Burnham, Franklin P.; Eiffel, Gustave, 1832-1923; Erickson, Arthur, 1924-; Fedi, Pio, 1816-1892; Fentress, C. W.; Fetterman, James; Fischer, Johann Michael, 1691-1766; Flanagan, Barry, 1941-2009; Fuller, R. Buckminster (Richard Buckminster), 1895-; Furness, Frank, 1839-1912; Gabo, Naum, 1890-1977; Gabriel, Ange-Jacques, 1698-1782; Gaddi, Taddeo, ca. 1300-ca. 1366; Gaona, Ignacio; Garnier, Charles, 1825-1898; Gehry, Frank O., 1929-; Giambologna, 1529-1608; Gibbs, James, 1682-1754; Gideon, Cecil C. (C.C.); Gilbert, Cass, 1859-1934; Ginnever, Charles; Girault, Charles Louis, 1851-1932; Goff, Bruce, 1904-; Goldberg, Bertrand, 1913-; Goodhue, Bertram Grosvenor, 1869-1924; Gordon, James Riely, 1863-1937; Graves, Michael, 1934-; Grossman, Irving, 1926-; Guimard, Hector, 1867-1942; Haag, Richard; Habzous, Bob; Hadrian, Emperor of Rome, 76-138; Haecker, George; Halprin, Lawrence; Harrison, Peter, 1716-1775; Hawksmoor, Nicholas, 1661-1736; Hays, Warren H.; Hedrick, Wyatt C.; Hellmuth, George Francis, 1907- ;Obata, Gyo, 1923- ;Kassabaum, George Edward, 1920-1982; Heurn, P.; Hicks, Thomas C.; Highstein, Jene, 1942-2013; Hoare, Henry, 1705-1785 ;Flitcroft, Henry, 1697-1769; Hoban, James, ca. 1762-1831; Hoffman, F. Burrall (Francis Burrall), 1882-1980; Holl, Steven; Holland, Henry, 1745-1806; Holt, Thomas, 1578-1624; Hughes, T. Harold (Thomas Harold) ;Waugh, David S.R.; Iktinos; Imagineers (Group); Ireland, David, 1930-2009; Isozaki, Arata; Jackson, Thomas Graham, Sir, 1835-1924; Jacobshagen, Keith, 1941-; Jahn, Helmut, 1940-; Jefferson, Thomas, 1743-1826; Jenney, W. L. B. (William Le Baron), 1832-1907; Johnson, Philip, 1906-2005; Johnson, Philip, 1906-2005 ;Burgee, John, 1933-; Jones, Horace, Sir, 1819-1887; Kahn, Louis I., 1901- 1974; Kahn, Louis I., 1901-1974; Kallmann, Gerhard Michael, 1915-; Keith, William, Sir, 1680-1749; Kelly, Ellsworth, 1923-; Kelsey, Albert, 1870-1950; Kenny, Sean, d. 1973; Kimball, Thomas R., 1862-1934; Kimball, Thomas Rogers, 1862-1934; Klauder, Charles Z. (Charles Zeller), 1872-1938; Kling, Vincent G. (Vincent George), 1916-; Kohn, A. Eugene, 1930- ;Pedersen, William, 1938-; Koons, Jeff, 1955-; Kromhout, Willem, 1864-1940; Kusser, Josef; Latenser, John; Latrobe, Benjamin Henry, 1764-1820; Le Corbusier, 1887-1965; Le Vau, Louis, 1612-1670; Le Vau, Louis, 1612-1670 ;Le Roy, Philibert ;Le Notre, Andre, 1613-1700 ;Mansart, Jules Hardouin, 1645 or 6-1708; Leonardo, da Vinci, 1452-1519; Lescot, Pierre, ca. 1510-1578; Lewis, William S.; LeWitt, Sol, 1928-2007; Liberman, Alexander, 1912-1999; Lichtenstein, Roy, 1923-1997; Lin, Maya Ying; Link, Theodore C. (Theodore Carl), 1850-1923; Lipchitz, Jacques, 1891-1973; Lombardo, Pietro, ca. 1435-1515; Longhena, Baldassare, 1598-1682; Lugar, Robert; Mackintosh, Charles Rennie, 1868-1928; Magonigle, Harold Van Buren, 1867-1935; Maitani, Lorenzo, 1270?-1330; Mansart, Francois, 1598-1666; Mansart, Jules Hardouin, 1645 or 6-1708; Marshall, Joseph, architect; Masqueray, E. L. (Emmanuel Louis), 1861-1917; Maybeck, Bernard R.; McArthur, John, 1823-1890; McBean, Thomas, fl. 1764; McCaw, William Frederick ;Martin, Richard H., 1858-1950; McDonald, John, 1861-1956; Meier, Richard, 1934-; Mengoni, Giuseppe, 1829-1877; Mesrobian, M. (Mihran), 1889-1975; Michelangelo Buonarroti, 1475-1564; Michelozzo, 1396-1472; Mies van der Rohe, Ludwig, 1886-1969; Mills, Robert, 1781-1855; Mix, Edward Townsend; Mnesicles, 5th cent. B.C.; Montreuil, Pierre de; Moore, Arthur Cotton, 1935-; Moore, Charles Willard, 1925-; Moore, Charles Willard, 1925- ;Ruble, John; Morgan, Julia, 1872-1957; Muchow, W. C.; Musick, G. Meridith; Myers, Elijah E., 1832-1909; Nash, John, 1752-1835 ;Blore, Edward. 1787-1879; Nouvel, Jean, 1945-; Obata, Gyo, 1923-; Obregon Santacilia, Carlos, 1896-; Ott, Carlos, 1946-; Palean, Karabet, 1800-1866 ;Palean, Nikoghos, 1826-1858; Palladio, Andrea, 1508-1580; Pei, I. M. , 1917-; Pei, I. M., 1917-; Pelli, Cesar; Percier, Charles, 1764-1838 ;Fontaine, Pierre Francois Leonard, 1762-1853; Phillips, John H., architect; Piano, Renzo; Piano, Renzo ;Rogers, Richard George; Pisano, Giovanni, 1240?-1320?; Polyclitus, the Younger, 4th cent. B.C; Pope, John Russell, 1874-1937; Porphyrios, Demetri; Portman, John Calvin; Predock, Antoine; Rembrandt Harmenszoon van Rijn, 1606-1669; Renner, Klaus ;Heinz Rocke; Renwick, James, 1818-1895; Richardson, H. H. (Henry Hobson) 1838-1886; Riddle, Herbert Hugh, 1875-1939; Riedel, Eduard, 1813-1885; Roche, Kevin, 1922- ;Dinkeloo, John G. (John Gerard), 1918-1981; Rossi, Aldo, 1931-; Rubens, Peter Paul, Sir, 1577-1640; Rudolph, Paul, 1918-; Saarinen, Eero, 1910-1961; Safdie, Moshe, 1938-; Sangallo, Antonio da, 1484-1546; Sansovino, Iacopo, 1486-1570; Schindler, R. M. (Rudolph M.), 1887-1953; Simpson, John William, 1858-1933; Singleton, Henry; Skislewicz, Anton; Soleri, Paolo, 1919-; Specchi, Alessandro, 1668-1729; Spence, Basil, Sir, 1907-1976; Spiry, Daniel; Stanley, Freelan Oscar, 1849-1940; Stark, Otto; Sterner, Frederick J., 1862-1931; Sullivan, Louis H., 1856-1924; Sullivan, Louis H., 1856-1924 ;Adler, Dankmar, 1844-1900; Theodorus, of Phokaia; Tigerman, Stanley, 1930-; Tribolo, 1500-1550; Tuthill, William Burnet, 1855-1929; Van Alen, William, 1883-1954; Vasconi, Claude, 1940-; Venturi, Robert; Venturi, Robert ;Scott Brown, Denise, 1931-; Vieux, Marian; Vignola, 1507-1573; Vignon, P. (Pierre), 1763-1828; Wagoner, Harold E. (Harold Eugene), 1905-1986; Walker, Richard A. (Richard Amerman), 1871-1951 ;Morris, Charles, 1869-1930; Washington, George, 1732-1799; Webb, Aston, Sir, 1849-1930; Weese, Harry, 1915-; White, E. B. (Edward Brickell), 1806-1882; Wiegmann, Richard; Willcox, William H.; Williams, Warren A.; Wolfram, William R.; Wood, John, 1705?-1754; Wood, John, 1728-1781; Wooley, Edmund; Wren, Christopher, Sir, 1632-1723; Wright, Frank Lloyd, 1867-1959; Yamasaki, Minoru, 1912-; Yamasaki, Minoru, 1912-1986; Zimmermann, Dominikus, 1685-176
Where geology meets pedology: Late Quaternary tephras, loess, and paleosols in the Mamaku Plateau and Lake Rerewhakaaitu areas
No full textOn this trip we focus on tephrostratigraphy and soil stratigraphy together with aspects of palaeoenvironmental reconstruction over long and short time-spans. We will examine the relationship between the deposition of tephras and tephric loess and the formation of soils in these deposits as they accumulate, either incrementally (millimetre by millimetre) or as thicker layers, in a process known as upbuilding pedogenesis. Development of age models for the eruption of marker tephras, and of the new climate event stratigraphy for New Zealand within the NZ-INTIMATE project (Integration of ice-core, marine, and terrestrial records for New Zealand since 30,000 years ago), will also be touched upon
Estudo comparativo do propofol com o midazolam para a sedação, a curto prazo, de pacientes sob ventilação mecanica internada em UTI
No full textDissertação (Mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciencias da SaudeFoi realizado um estudo clínico aberto, controlado e randomizado em 30 pacientes adultos, com o objetivo de comparar a segurança e a eficácia do propofol a do midazolam para sedação, a curto prazo, de pacientes interndos na UTI e sob ventilação mecânica. Os pacientes foram distribuídos aleatoriamente em dois grupos. A taxa de mortalidade foi 46.6 % em ambos os grupos. As variáveis bioquímicas, determinadas nas amostras colhidas no início e no final do estudo, foram similares nos dois grupos. Não houve aumento significativo nos níveis séricos de triglicerídeos e tampouco evidências de supressão adrenal. Foi constatada uma queda, estatisticamente significativa, da FC em ambos os grupos, e da PAM intergrupos. Para a sedação, a curto prazo (£24h), de pacientes sob ventilação mecânica, o propofol e o midazolam são drogas seguras e eficazes. O propofol é mais eficaz, já que possibilita uma sedação mais superficial e um despertar mais rápido, enquanto que o midazolam interfere menos com a estabilidade hemodinâmica
Paediatric High Dependency Care in West, North and East Yorkshire
No full textA 36 item, measurement tool to establish the volume of paediatric high dependency care (PHDC) activity was developed from inpatient episode data (n = 24,540) collected in 14 hospitals in West, North and East Yorkshire in 2005. The PHDC measurement tool was subsequently applied to the inpatient episode data (n = 24,540) to estimate the amount and location of PHDC by hospital ward type (District General Hospitals, (DGHs), paediatric intensive care units (PICUs), specialist hospital wards and a DGH with specialist paediatric facilities). A total of 9,077 episodes of PHDC for 1,763 children were measured. The majority (55%) of children receiving PHDC were male and 25% were infants (aged 29 days to 1 year). The specialist hospital wards provided the majority (42%) of episodes of PHDC.
Clinical staffing data to determine the number and level of skills of doctors and nurses providing care was also collected in 2005. A total of 7.5% of shifts were without a Registered Children’s Nurse (RN (Ch)). A further 4.5% of shifts worked with only one RN (Ch), of which, 76% was for the period of the night shift. Over one-quarter (28%) of all shifts were without a nurse with valid advanced paediatric life support (APLS) skills, and 43% of all doctors were without valid APLS skills. When the skills of nurses were matched to the dependency needs of children a disproportionate number of qualified nurses to children was most noticeable at night on all hospital ward types, excluding the PICUs.
This study is unique, firstly, in its ability to quantify PHDC in the Yorkshire region, and, secondly, to match the dependency needs of children to the available skills of the workforce. This information has provided important information to assist with the organisation, planning and delivery of PHDC in Yorkshire
Predicting muscle loss during lung cancer treatment (PREDICT): protocol for a mixed methods prospective study
No full textIntroduction Low muscle mass and low muscle attenuation (radiodensity), reflecting increased muscle adiposity, are prevalent muscle abnormalities in people with lung cancer receiving curative intent chemoradiation therapy (CRT) or radiation therapy (RT). Currently, there is a limited understanding of the magnitude, determinants and clinical significance of these muscle abnormalities in the lung cancer CRT/RT population. The primary objective of this study is to identify the predictors of muscle abnormalities (low muscle mass and muscle attenuation) and their depletion over time in people with lung cancer receiving CRT/RT. Secondary objectives are to assess the magnitude of change in these parameters and their association with health-related quality of life, treatment completion, toxicities and survival.Methods and analysis Patients diagnosed with lung cancer and planned for treatment with CRT/RT are invited to participate in this prospective observational study, with a target of 120 participants. The impact and predictors of muscle abnormalities (assessed via CT at the third lumbar vertebra) prior to and 2 months post CRT/RT on the severity of treatment toxicities, treatment completion and survival will be assessed by examining the following variables: demographic and clinical factors, weight loss, malnutrition, muscle strength, physical performance, energy and protein intake, physical activity and sedentary time, risk of sarcopenia (Strength, Assistance in walking, Rise from a chair, Climb stairs, Falls history (SARC-F) score alone and with calf-circumference) and systemic inflammation. A sample of purposively selected participants with muscle abnormalities will be invited to take part in semistructured interviews to understand their ability to cope with treatment and explore preference for treatment strategies focused on nutrition and exercise.Ethics and dissemination The PREDICT study received ethics approval from the Human Research Ethics Committee at Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre (HREC/53147/PMCC-2019) and Deakin University (2019-320). Findings will be disseminated through peer review publications and conference presentations
