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    A history of Minangkabau press, 1859-1945 / Yuliandre Darwis

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    Minangkabau is a region located on the Western part of Sumatera, Indonesia. The Minangkabau tradition of rantau (wandering, a rite of passage) has obviously been the reason for the emergence of youthful and progressive-thinking figures that brought about change. The unique debate about Islam and local customs and traditions had led to the emergence of two opposing forces, the Kaum Tua (The Old, or Conservatives) and the Kaum Muda (The Youth, or Progressives) in Minangkabau. The evidence of the conflict between those two forces can clearly be seen in press activities, which has made the history of the press in Minangkabau as one of the oldest in Indonesia. In its subsequent development, during the Dutch colonial occupation the press in Minangkabau developed in such a way as to become the means to present ideas of nationalism, which later on led to independence. The press of Minangkabau, beginning with the very first newspaper published in 1859, up to national independence in 1945 has had a fascinating history, and it is important for Indonesia as well as for Minangkabau itself. This period has never been the subject of any comprehensive research. The objective of this research is to study and present the history of the Press in Minangkabau. The research method is historical research where various sources of data were used for this research, including books, articles, journals, and interviews with historians, discussions and seminars. Historical data uncovered through this research includes an introduction on Minangkabau and its customs and traditions, the journey of how Islam was introduced into Minangkabau, the progressive modernization of Islam which occurred after the Perang Paderi (Paderi War), the struggles between Kaum Muda and Kaum Tua as found in the historical journey of the Minangkabau press which was part of the effort to modernize Islam and the nationalist movement in the struggle for independence for Indonesia as a nation. Also included is the history of a number of important Press figures, educational institutions and organizations that were involved in the development of the press, and the profile of "Soeloeh Melajoe", one of the Islamic magazines and part of the Islamic Press that was owned by the Kaum Tua (Conservatives). As a result of this research, we are able to reach the conclusion that the History of the Minangkabau Press began with the movement to modernize Islam up to and including the nationalist movement towards national independence of the Republic of Indonesia

    Meningkatkan Kesadaran dan Peran Aktif Masyarakat dalam Pencapaian Target Millenium Development Goals (MDGs) 4 dan 5 di Indonesia Melalui Strategi Komunikasi dan Branding

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    Roda kehidupan setiap manusia tidak terlepas dari pembangunan. Dalam hal ini, pembangunan nasional dilakukan oleh pemerintah dalam upaya meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat salah satunya terlihat dari kesepakatan Millenium Development Goals (MDGs) yang telah disepakati oleh para kepala Negara yang mulai dijalankan pada bulan September tahun 2000 silam. Pencapaian target kesepakatan MDGs untuk tahun 2015 sampai saat ini masih terlihat belum maksimal karena masih kurangnya peran aktif dan kesadaran dari masyarakat itu sendiri. Masyarakat memiliki kedudukan yang sangat vital dalam pembangunan yaitu sebagai agen pembangunan (agent of development) baik itu subyek (pelaku) pembangunan maupun obyek (sasaran) pembangunan sehingga dapat dikatakan bahwa penduduk merupakan aspek utama dari pembangunan. Karena itu penelitian ini adalah pada 2(dua) sasaran MDG, yaitu sasaran 4: menurunkan angka kematian anak dan sasaran 5: meningkatkan kesehatan ibu. Pemilihan kedua sasaran ini adalah karena ibu dan anak merupakan bagian dari keluarga yang merupakan fondasi masyarakat sebuah negara. Indonesia merupakan negara yang besar dan luas secara geografis. Sehingga dalam melakukan sosialisasi sebuah program, maka Pemerintah harus melibatkan segenap masyarakat dan organisasi pendukung. Karena itulah diperlukan kesadaran dan peran aktif masyarakat Indonesia yang dalam hal ini berkaitan dengan kesehatan ibu dan ibu hamil untuk menurunkan angka kematian anak. Dalam upaya meningkatkan kesadaran dan peran aktif masyarakat dalam mencapai target MDGs 4 dan 5 ini, Pemerintah Pusat, yang dalam hal ini didukung oleh Tim Khusus, yaitu Tim MDGs, harus disertai dengan melakukan strategi komunikasi melalui media dan proses branding dengan bekerjasama dengan dinas kesehatan yang ada di setiap daerah. Mengingat pada zaman modern seperti ini media komunikasi memiliki peranan yang sangat urgen baik dalam menambah informasi, pengetahuan, dan mempengaruhi pola hidup masyarakat

    Sejarah Perkembangan Pers Minangkabau (1859-1945)

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    Ditulis dengan metode historiografi, buku ini dengan lugas menekankan bahwa pers Minangkabau berkontribusi penting dalam pembentukan jiwa nasionalis hingga akhirnya turut memperjuangkan kemerdekaan Indonesia. Peran penting pers dalam membentuk sejarah Minangkabau tak terbantahkan. Lahir dari tanggapan kritis terhadap perubahan zamannya, pers Minangkabau menampilkan mozaik situasi sosial, politik, ekonomi, dan budaya yang dihidupi oleh orang-orang pada zamannya

    Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis

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    The present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed

    Variations on the Author

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    “Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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