2,679 research outputs found
Biotechnology in New Zealand: Description and analysis based on the 1998/99 and 2002 biotech surveys and a review of secondary sources
No full textThis paper provides a detailed description of the New Zealand biotechnology sector based on a re-analysis of the first comprehensive (1998/99) survey of biotechnology in New Zealand, data from an original (2002) survey conducted by the author and a detailed review of secondary sources. It provides the background for a study of the determinants of innovation reported elsewhere (Marsh, 2004). A review of alternative data sources on sector size and characteristics is followed by a comparison of New Zealand and international biotech indicators. Data is presented on enterprise type and size and the age distribution of New Zealand biotech enterprises. This is followed by an analysis of innovative output using data on new products, processes and patents. Data is also presented on partnerships and alliances, information sources and other factors affecting innovative performance
Detection of solvents using a distributed fibre optic sensor
No full textA fibre optic sensor that is capable of distributed detection of liquid solvents is presented. Sensor interrogation using optical time domain reflectometry (OTDR) provides the capability of locating solvent spills to a precision of ±2 m over a total sensor length that may extend to 20 km
Stability of Willingness-to-Pay for Coastal Management: A Choice Experiment Across Three Time Periods
No full textTest-retest studies that provide data from two points in time generally find significant differences in preference structure and willingness-to-pay (WTP). In this study we test stability of WTP for beach erosion management using a fully ranked discrete choice experiment survey with not one but two retests over a six month period
Efikasi dan Pengaruh Residu Insektisida Endosulfan, Permetrin dan Fenitrtin Terhadap Imago Hama Penggerek Batang Lada (Laphobaris piperis Marsh.)
No full textPenelitian dilakukan di Kebun Percobaan Sukamulya, Sukabumi Jawa Barat, dari bulan Nopember 1989 hingga 1990, untuk mengetahui efikasi dan pengaruh residu insektisida Endosulfan, Permetrin dan Fenitrotion terhadap imago hama penggerek batang lada (Laphobaris piperis Marsh). Efikasi insektisida ditilik berdasarkan banyaknya kematian serangga pada 1, 3, 7 dan 14 hari setelah perlakuan. Pengaruh residu didasarkan pada inokulasi dan kematian serangga pada 10, 17, 33 dan 63 hari setelah perlakuan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semia jenis insektisida yang diuji sangat efektif seperti insektisida pembanding dan berbeda nyata terhadap kontrol. Makin tinggi konsentrasi daya efikasi cenderung meningkat. Daya bunuh residu dari waktu ke waktu ternyata semakin menurun, penurunan tercepat terdapat pada insektisida Permetrin disusul oleh Endosulfan kemudian Fenitrotion. Insektisida Permetrin dan Endosulfan konsentrasi 1-2 ml/L masih dapat mematikan 40-60% serangga uji pada 33 HSP. Sedangkan Fenitrotion sampai 63 HSP masih mampu mematikan 30-50% serangga uji
The effect of within-season variability on estimates of recreational value for trout anglers in New Zealand
No full textlncluding seasonal variability in descriptors of site attractiveness increases the efficiency of RU model
Consumer switching in retail electricity markets: Is price all that matters?
No full textWe model consumer switching in retail electricity markets in New Zealand to identify important determinants of switching and estimate willingness to pay (WTP) for six non-price attributes of electricity services, namely, call waiting time, length of fixed rate contract, renewable energy, loyalty rewards, supplier ownership, and supplier type. The results provide important insights into residential consumer switching, which inform policy and enable suppliers to differentiate their products. The analysis is based on 2688 choice responses generated using an online choice experiment administered to a sample of 224 residential bill-payers. A latent class model is used to distinguish important determinants of switching and preference heterogeneity. We find that non-price attributes of electricity services are significant determinants of consumer switching. Three latent classes with distinct preferences for the attributes are identified. The first class (40%) is mainly concerned about power bills and would switch supplier to save at least NZ135 per year less than traditional suppliers for a 50% chance of attracting customers. The third class (14%) consists of captive and loyal customers who are unlikely to switch supplier for any realistic power bill savings
Using virtual environments to improve the realism of choice experiments: A case study about coastal erosion management
No full textFor this study we developed virtual environments for a choice experiment about coastal erosion management using free, easy-to-use software and Google Earth© satellite imagery and presented these to respondents as video tours. Our results indicate that the VE treatment reduced choice error, reduced left-right bias and improved respondent engagement and retention when compared with static images
Modeling Decadal Salt Marsh Development: Variability of the Salt Marsh Edge Under Influence of Waves and Sediment Availability
No full textSalt marshes can contribute to coastal protection, but the magnitude of the protection depends on the width of the marsh. The cross-shore width of the marsh is to a large extent determined by the delicate balance between seaward expansion and landward retreat. The influence of the magnitude of daily occurring mild weather conditions and sediment availability on the variability of salt marsh width has not been systematically assessed. This paper investigates how the magnitude of homogeneous hydrodynamic forcing, combined with sediment availability, affects the biophysical development, and more specifically retreat and expansion of salt marshes. The dynamic extent of the salt marsh is assessed by modeling online-coupled hydrodynamics, morphodynamics and vegetation growth using the numerical Delft3D-Flexible Mesh model, and a vegetation growth module. Simulated patterns around the salt marsh edge resembled field observations, as well as the simulated temporal variability of the lateral position of the salt marsh edge. In the model, the salt marsh extended seaward at low wave forcing (0.00 m; 0.05 m), and retreated landward at higher wave forcing (0.10 m; 0.15 m). With increasing physical stress, the salt marsh edge was found at lower elevations, indicating an unhealthy system with a retreating marsh edge due to vegetation mortality, whereas decreasing physical stresses result in a higher salt marsh edge, enabling expansion. This balance suggests the importance of response time of vegetation to physical stress. Yet, the salt marsh forced with higher waves was able to switch from a retreating extent retrogradational to an expansional behavior as sediment supply increased.Environmental Fluid Mechanic
Context-aware information dissemination in vehicular networks
No full textThe design and the operation of efficient content distribution systems for vehicular networks requires an understanding of the context in which these systems operate. The systems have to collect context information, such as location, distances, interest profiles, and aggregate traffic flows, and have to adapt their operation dynamically to changing context information. This paper gives an overview of our recent efforts on two aspects of context-aware vehicular networks. First, the modeling and prediction of macroscopic context information, that is, vehicular traffic flow. Second, the use of the traffic flow as context information to deploy communication infrastructure in support of vehicular content distribution
Non-cooperative RSU Deployment in Vehicular Networks
No full textThis work considers the issue of distributing contents to vehicles through roadside communication infrastructure. Within this scenario, this work studies the dynamics of infrastructure deployment by using game theoretic tools. A strategic game is used to model the case in which the operators perform their deployment decisions concurrently, whereas an extensive game is used to study the dynamics in case one operator is the deployment leader and moves first. The equilibria of the aforementioned games are then assessed as a function of several parameters (nominal infrastructure capacity, interference, vehicle flows). Simulations are used to validate the analytical finding
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