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Bedeutung und Bekämpfung von Schadinsekten an Winterweizen und Winterraps in Schleswig-Holstein, 1999-2001, und der Trend der Insektizid-Behandlungen von 1999-2004
No full textIn the average of 1999 to 2004 winter wheat covered 64 % of the agricultural land of Schleswig-Holstein (331.000 ha), winter oilseed rape 31 %. These two important crops (covering 95 % of the acreage) were attacked in 1999 to 2001 by a) wheat: cereal leaf beetles (Oulema spp.Col., Chrysomelidae) and by cereal aphids (mainly Sitobion avenae and Metopolophium dirhodum; Hom., Aphididae; b) Oilseed rape: by pollen beetles (Meligethes aeneus F.; Col., Nitidulidae) and by the cabbage seed weevil Ceutorrhynchus assimlis (Payk.) (Col., Curculionidae). Studies (with six field experiments per crop, at two sites, 1999 to 2001) were done by the first author in the course of the work on a PhD thesis (Kirch 2006) to clarify the economic importance of these pests, and to look for the validity of the action thresholds published. Additionally, 51 farmers were inquired for their insecticide use, 1999 to 2004.Winterweizen bedeckte 1999-2004 64 % der Ackerfläche Schleswig-Holsteins, Winterraps 31 %. Die wichtigsten Schädlinge an Winterweizen waren die drei Getreideblattlausarten (Hom., Aphididae)(Sitobion avenae und Metopolophium dirhodum, selten Rhopalosiphum padi) und die beiden Oulema-Arten (Getreidehähnchen)(O. melanopus und O. lichenis) (Col., Chrysomelidae). An Winterraps traten im Untersuchungszeitraum auf: Meligethes aeneus (F.) (Rapsglanzkäfer) (Col., Nitidulidae) und Ceutorrhynchus assimilis (Payk.) (Kohlschotenrüßler) (Col., Curculionidae). In beiden Kulturen wurden sechs Feldversuche durchgeführt, mit frühen und späten Insektizid-Applikationen (an je zwei Standorten, mit vierfacher Wiederholung). Bei Weizen waren die Parzellen 50 m² groß, bei Raps 90 m². Bei Winterweizen zeigten beide Schaderreger-Gruppen negative Einflüsse auf den Ertrag, wenn sie nicht bei Bekämpfungsschwellen bekämpft wurden. Sowohl der Getreidehähnchen - als auch der Blattlausbefall waren signifikant negativ mit dem Ertrag korreliert. Die ökonomische Auswertung ergab, dass im Untersuchungszeitraum – bei Beachtung der Bekämpfungsschwellen - die frühe Bekämpfung der Getreidehähnchen-Larven wirtschaftlicher war als die spätere der Getreideblattläuse. Bei Winterraps erwies sich die Bekämpfung des Kohlschotenrüsslers als ertraglich und ökonomisch vorteilhaft, selbst ohne Auftreten von Dasineura brassicae (Winn.), der Kohlschotenmücke. Die Bekämpfung des Rapsglanzkäfers hingegen war nur in einem von sechs Versuchen ertragsmäßig und ökonomisch erfolgreich. Die Probleme bei diesem Schädling sind 1. die zu niedrige Bekämpfungsschwelle und 2. die Resistenz gegenüber synthetischen Pyrethroiden. Wurden in Schleswig-Holstein 1999 75.000 ha Ackerfläche mit Insektiziden behandelt (22.7 % AF), stieg die Fläche bis 2004 auf 220.000 (66.5 % AF). Die Anteile der einzelnen Wirkstoffe haben sich verändert
Nietzsche: a verdade dionisíaca contraposta à verdade metafísica
Get PDFDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas. Programa de Pós-graduação em FilosofiaDesde seus primeiros escritos Nietzsche se ocupou de questões relacionadas ao conhecimento e à verdade, ocorre, porém, que seu objetivo não é formular uma nova teoria do conhecimento ou reformular as concepções tradicionais, mas questionar a valor da verdade, indicando que os filósofos jamais a colocaram em questão. Em conseqüência dessa superestimação da verdade está o ódio instintivo contra a vida e seus pressupostos: tudo o que é transitório e efêmero foi negado em nome do conhecimento racional e objetivo. A proposta de Nietzsche é que a interpretação metafísica - que nega e falsifica a vida- seja substituída por uma interpretação afirmativa, com conceitos leves e dançantes, que se reconhece como interpretação provisória. O eterno retorno diz à vida o grande Sim, aceita o destino e deseja o seu retornar eterno. É um sim dionisíaco, que deseja o que a vida tem mais exuberante e belo, mas também o que ela tem de mais horrível e miserável
A interação texto/imagem em duas traduções de Flicts para o inglês
Get PDFDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Comunicação e Expressão, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Estudos da Tradução, Florianópolis, 2013.Abstract : This study aims to investigate two translations of FLICTS, first children's book written by Ziraldo and first full-colored album for children produced in Brazil, with a view to discussing the different interactions between text and image that might occur within the translation of children's literature. Considered a landmark in Brazilian Children's Literature since its launch in 1969, its British version was translated by Silvia Caruana and published by the publishing house Roger Schlesinger in 1973 and its American English version was translated by Daniela Pinto, originally published by Melbooks in 1984 - subsequently also published by Editora Melhoramentos and commercialized in Brazil. The theoretical framework informing the study is based on the interface of Descriptive Translation Studies, Translation of Children's Literature and the Grammar of Visual Design. By the analyses of a multimodal corpus and a dossier about the history of this printed book, it was possible to note that the several changes along FLICTS publishing history have made up other possible readings on this work
Surface Wave Tomography at Exploration Scale
No full textIn this work we present the application of a direct tomographic inversion method, similar to that historically used in global seismology, to exploration scale. We will start with an excursus on the physical background necessary to understand how surface waves propagate and the charachteristics which make these waves suitable for inversion. In the following section the optimal acquisition methods will be described. These are not very different from those for the datasets used for industry-standard reflection seismology imaging; however a few remarks have to be made. For instance, the length of the line, the spacing between receivers and the dominant wavelength are essential parameters to take into account when acquiring a dataset for surface wave analysis. The following section, regarding the processing, will present the most used methods for inversion of surface waves at exploration scale, those at regional (seismological) scale and the method used to perform the inversion. These can be classified into tomographic and non tomographic approaches. In both cases, the aim is to extract phase velocity dispersion curves from the data and invert them to get 1D models. The key difference lies in how the dispersion curves are extracted and the "meaning" we give to them. When performing a non tomographic inversion it is possible to extract the curves in many ways, e.g. by computing a Fourier transform in space and time (f-k domain) and pick the curve as energy maxima, as surface waves are the most energetic event in a seismogram. Most commonly, the f-k spectrum is an average one over a certain number of stations. Each of these curves will be inverted to get a 1D model and each of these models can be connected to the others via constraints (regularisation). On the other hand, when one wants to perform tomographic inversion, the dispersion curves are extracted by computing the average slowness of surface waves travelling along a path from one receiver to another, illuminated by the same source. Therefore, since more paths can cross the same model point, more dispersion curves have to fit the model parameters at each model point. Seismologists, at this point, generally compute phase velocity maps from which they extract further dispersion curves to be inverted. What's new in the method used for this work is the fact that we invert dispersion curves, without computing phase velocity maps. This is why it's called "direct inversion". This has several positive aspects, e.g. the computational efficiency. Another advantage, common to all tomographic approaches is the fact that it uses only two stations and therefore does not need a dataset with a large number of channels. On the other hand, it has some limitations both on the acquisition parameters (especially offset and distance between the two receivers) as well as the fact that it only inverts for the fundamental mode dispersion curve. Two datasets have been analysed: one shot in New Zealand by ETH Zurich, one shot in the area of Torino by the Italian National Centre for Research (CNR). The first constitutes of five 2D seismic lines, one of which at ultra-high resolution (1m receiver spacing and 2 m source spacing). This dataset has already been inverted using the estabilished multichannel analysis of surface waves method. Therefore, it was a good dataset to start with as results could be compared with those from this previous inversion. The CNR dataset is a small 3D dataset, above an artificially made tank filled with loose sand. The fact that the map of the subsurface was already known made it a good dataset to test the validity of the method also in 3D. In the appendix, we show tests performed on a large 3D seismic survey, acquired in Oman for oil exploration purposes. This dataset is known in the geophysical community (e.g. Gouédard et al., 2012) for having a low signal to noise ratio. Furthermore, the subsurface to be mapped shows strong lateral variations. For this reason, preliminary tests were performed in order to find a method to increase the signal to noise ratio and therefore assess the feasibility of a direct tomographic inversion. A good solution could be to stack the traces from two different sources aligned with the same couple of receivers.Applied Geophysics and PetrophysicsGeoscience & EngineeringCivil Engineering and Geoscience
Análise categorial da arte em Amie Thomasson
Get PDFDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Filosofia, Florianópolis, 2010Esta dissertação pretende investigar o que é uma obra de arte, assumindo como principal subsídio metodológico a análise crítica de alguns textos de Amie Thomasson. A ontologia de Roman Ingarden também é exposta, pois constitui uma influência central para o pensamento de Thomasson. Diversas noções utilizadas pela autora, como a aceitação do pluralismo ontológico, a busca da estrutura específica de cada tipo de arte e a admissão de que a arte comporta características espaço-temporais e abstratas, remontam aos escritos do pensador polonês. Esses temas estão embutidos no principal aspecto abordado na dissertação, a saber, o modo como Thomasson investiga a obra de arte através da busca de seu estatuto ontológico, dentro do contexto de um quadro categorial mais amplo. A autora afirma que a questão central da ontologia da arte é: que tipo de entidade é uma obra de arte? Essa questão não é respondida através de uma definição rígida da arte ou de uma lista finita de características que permita classificar qualquer objeto no mundo como arte ou não-arte. Thomasson compromete-se apenas com a pretensão modesta de buscar um espaço categorial bem sucedido para a alocação das obras de arte. Ela problematiza o fato de que a estética e a metafísica tradicionais não proporcionam categorias adequadas para alocar a arte, a ficção e os objetos culturais, pois costumam adotar sistemas dualistas como sujeito-objeto, real-ideal, concreto-abstrato, entre outros, impróprios para pensar as obras de arte, que comportam características híbridas. Como alternativa, Thomasson sugere uma metodologia ontológica formal para a criação de sistemas categoriais e, nesse contexto, de categorias que respeitem a configuração específica das obras de arte. Sua proposta é analisada nessa dissertação como uma solução eficaz para capturar a estrutura ontológica das obras de arte através de uma base analítica formal.This thesis aims to investigate what is a work of art, assuming the critical analysis of some texts of Amie Thomasson as its main methodological subsidy. The ontology of Roman Ingarden is also exposed because it is a central influence to the thought of Thomasson. Several concepts used by the author, as the acceptance of ontological pluralism, the search for the specific structure of each type of art and the admission that art involves spatiotemporal and abstract characteristics, go back to the writings of the Polish thinker. These themes are inserted in the main aspect addressed by this thesis, namely, how Thomasson investigates the work of art through the pursuit of its ontological status within the broader context of a categorical framework. The author argues that the central question of the ontology of art is: what kind of entity is a work of art? This question is not answered by a rigid definition of art or a finite list of characteristics that allow classifying any object in the world as art or not art. Thomasson undertakes only the modest pretense of seeking for a successful categorial space for the allocation of works of art. She discusses the fact that traditional aesthetics and metaphysics do not provide adequate categories to allocate art, fiction and cultural objects, because they tend to adopt dualistic systems, like subject-object, real-ideal, concrete-abstract, among others, that are inadequate to think about works of art, which include hybrid features. Alternatively, Thomasson suggests a formal ontological methodology for creating categorial systems and, in this context, categories that meet the specific configuration of artworks. Her proposal is analyzed in this dissertation as an effective solution to capture the ontological structure of works of art through a formal analytical base
A evolução da moral autônoma de Tugendhat: sobre contratualismo simétrico e a justificação dos direitos humanos
Get PDFTese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências Humanas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Filosofia, Florianópolis, 2014.Esta tese tem por objetivo analisar e compreender a moral autônoma de Tugendhat, seu contratualismo simétrico e a justificação dos direitos humanos. Será nossa proposta investigar a evolução moral desenvolvida pelo autor tcheco-alemão dentro de três fases de sua obra. O acesso semântico à moral (i), a análise dos juízos e sentimentos morais usando uma estrutura conceitual kantiana (ii), e seu retorno ao modelo contratualista (iii), são fundamentais para entendermos seu projeto de filosofia prática. Daremos destaque à ideia de contratualismo simétrico em substituição a um contratualismo do tipo simples. Esse contratualismo simétrico busca representar uma comunidade moral aberta onde a justificação das razões e motivos somente deve ser desenvolvida através do conceito de ?igualdade bom para todos?. Tendo por base esse tipo de contratualismo, teremos como proposta estabelecer uma sistematização dos direitos humanos sociais básicos, reiteradamente defendidos por Tugendhat como direitos indispensáveis para a conquista da independência e autonomia de todos aqueles que se encontram à margem da sociedade contemporânea.Abstract : This thesis aims at analyzing and understanding Tugendhat's conception of a autonomous morality, its symmetrical contractualism and the justification of human rights. Our proposal is to investigate the evolution of the conception developed by the Czech-German author in the three phases of his work. The semantic access to morality (i), the analysis of the judgments and moral feelings using a Kantian conceptual framework (ii) and his return to a contractualist model (iii) are fundamental to understand his practical philosophy. We will highlight the idea of symmetrical contractualism replacing a simple contractuarianist type. This symmetrical contractualism seeks to represent an open community where the moral justification of the reasons and motives should only be developed through the concept of ?equality for all?. Based on this kind of contractualism, we propose to establish a system of basic social human rights, repeatedly defended by Tugendhat as indispensable to the achievement of independence and autonomy of those who are on the margins of contemporary society
Nas pegadas de dante: a divina paródia, de Álvaro Cardoso Gomes, em diálogo com a divina comédia
Get PDFDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Comunicação e Expressão. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Literatura, Florianópolis, 2013Esta pesquisa de mestrado acadêmico busca evidenciar as relações dialógicas do romance brasileiro A Divina Paródia, sobretudo para com a obra A Divina Comédia, ambas tratadas neste estudo como realização literária do inferno alegórico cristão. Para isso, pelo viés dos estudos comparados entre Teologia e Literatura, revisitam-se conceitos teóricos, especialmente escatológicos e paródicos, buscando-se perceber o sentido do gênero paródico com laços religiosos no contexto da contemporaneidade.This Master's degree academic research aims at pointing the dialogic relations in the Brazilian novel A Divina Paródia (The Divine Parody), especially between it and The Divine Comedy, both works portrayed in this study as literary depiction of the Christian allegoric hell. To do so, considering the compared studies between Theology and Literature, theoretical concepts are revisited, mostly eschatological and parodic ones, in an attempt of understanding the meaning of the parodic genre with religious bonds contemporarily
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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