2,740 research outputs found
Investigation of the role of the extracellular β-agarase, produced by the bacterial epiphyte Pseudoalteromonas sp. LS2i, in the virulence response towards the agarophyte Gracilaria gracilis
No full textIncludes abstractIncludes bibliographical referencesGracilaria gracilis that grows naturally at Saldanha Bay, South Africa is economically important as a source of agar. The Gracilaria yields from natural beds at Saldanha Bay are however unreliable, and consequently the South African Gracilaria industry has experienced a number of setbacks over the years. The only way a consistent supply can be assured is by mariculture to supplement the natural harvests. In 1993 the Seaweed Research Institute (SRU) found that mariculture of G. gracilis in Saldanha Bay is feasible but that there is potential to improve yields by technical research and development (Anderson et al.1996a). Jaffray and Coyne (1996) developed a pathogenicity assay that demonstrated that agarolytic bacteria isolated from Saldanha Bay Gracilaria induced disease symptoms such as thallus bleaching, while non-agarolytic isolates did not. It is thought that unfavorable environmental conditions such as elevated water temperature and nutrient depletion, which occur during the summer months in the surface layers of the water column in Saldanha Bay, induce the onset of agarase production or result in changes in the bacterial community structure in which agarase-producers become more dominant. By using the pathogenicity assay, Jaffray and Coyne (1996) identified the highly agarolytic Gracilaria gracilis pathogen, Pseudoalteromonas sp. LS2i. The aim of this study was to characterize the bacterial pathogen, Pseudoalteromonas sp. LS2i to further our understanding of virulence regulation and specifically, the role of the agarase enzymes in the process of seaweed-pathogen interaction. Two agarolytic clones, pEB1 and pJB1, were obtained after constructing and screening a Pseudoalteromonas sp. LS2i genomic library in Esherichia coli. Restriction enzyme mapping suggested that both clones contain the same agarase gene. Southern hybridization studies confirmed the origin of the cloned DNA and sequencing studies revealed the 1062 bp ORF, putative promoter region, putative ribosome binding site and putative transcriptional start point of the cloned agarase gene. The ORF showed sequence identity to several other β-agarases and was identified as a member of the GH-16 family of glycoside hydrolases. The agarase was purified from the E. coli JM109 (pEB3) transformant. The molecular weight was estimated to be 39 kDa by SDS-PAGE. Zymogram analysis confirmed that the purified protein is agarolytic and TLC analysis revealed that the predominant end-products of agar hydrolysis are neoagarohexaose and neoagarobiose, which indicates the same mode of action as that observed for the agarase produced extracellularly by Pseudoalteromonas sp. LS2i
The Persistence of the R.A. Fisher-Sewall Wright Controversy
No full textThis paper considers recent heated debates led by Jerry A. Coyne and Michael J. Wade on issues stemming from the 1929-1962 R. A. Fisher-Sewall Wright controversy in population genetics. William B. Provine once remarked that the Fisher-Wright controversy is central, fundamental, and very influential. Indeed, it is also persistent. The argumentative structure of the recent (1997-2000) debates is analyzed with the aim of eliminating a logical conflict in them, viz., that the two “sides” in the debates have different aims and that, as such, they are talking past each other. Given a philosophical analysis of the argumentative structure of the debates, suggestions supportive of Wade’s work on the debate are made that are aimed, modestly, at putting the persistent Fisher-Wright controversy on the course to resolution
Father Andrew Mullen 1790-1818: a study in early nineteenth century spirituality
No full textThis thesis is laid out in three parts: Part I. The life and death of Andrew Mullen. The life is based, to a large extent, on a long letter to his mother, Catherine Mullen, dated 7 January 1810. The letter gives a definite insight into his spirituality based on his membership of the Archconfraternity of the Blessed Sacrament. There is a hint that he had a premonition of an early death. Part II. The burial of Andrew Mullen and the immediate cult to him This is based on documentary evidence. Part III. Most of this part is a catalogue of testimonies taken from 1993 onwards. Then there is the conclusion on the popular devotion to Andrew Mullen stressing the theological aspect of the subject. In the course of writing the thesis it was decided to separate the documentary evidence from the oral tradition. This was advantageous in developing the thesis, and the documents provided a secure basis for the oral tradition. Two pieces of information were found in March 1997. They are death notices: 2 January 1819, The Leinster Journal and 7 January 1819, The Car low Morning Post. There is a slight discrepancy between the two on the date of his death. Also this discrepancy shows a slight difference from the date of the tombstone
The Form and Function of Self-Disclosure in Depressed Adolescents
No full textAdolescent depression is a major public health concern, prevalence estimates of which indicate that from 9.5% (Costello, Mustillo, Erkanli, Keeler, & Angold, 2003) to 11.7% (Merikangas et al., 2010) of adolescents may experience at some point; these depressive episodes have been linked to numerous physiological, psychological, educational and general functioning deficits. Although children and adolescents are known to be the subject of harsh stigmatizing beliefs (Perry, Pescosolido, Martin, McLeod, & Jensen, 2007), little research has been conducted on adolescents’ perceptions of mental health focused stigma experiences and coping mechanisms.
Stigma experiences such as those experienced by persons with Mental Health (MH) concerns can lead many to manage the disclosure of their potentially stigmatizing feature, often choosing to conceal those features which can be concealed (Wahl, 1999b). The Visibility Management (VM) concept seeks to explain some of the underlying processes in how individuals cope with stigma through the manipulation of disclosure, allowing them to decide who in their lives is emotionally “safe” to disclose to, versus who may react negatively to such disclosure (e.g., stigma), resulting in concealment. This project sought to explore the processes by which depressed adolescents engaged in VM within the relationships of those other persons whom they consider important.
This study of seven female adolescents with depression employed a multi-modal data gathering technique consisting primarily of qualitative interviews and utilized an innovative hand-on activity focused on the perceived strengths and weaknesses of the adolescent’s individualized social network. As a part of this process, I paid special attention to any reported incidences of the concept of a strategizing partner (Safe Other), reflecting a potential socially-based resource to depressed adolescents as originally described in the popular culture literature of the Autism Spectrum Disorder community. Subsequent between- and within-case analyses revealed that participants engaged in a complex decision-making process aimed at balancing their daily needs with the perceived burden their disclosure placed on others in their lives. This process often resulted in partial disclosure of their depression status. Finally, this work identified trends regarding the designation, utilization, and evaluation of a Safe Other indicating relevant directions for future research
Recent Decisions
No full textComments on recent decisions by Carl F. Eiberger, Donald W. Bebenek, Walter C. Clements, Robert J. Hepler, Norman H. McNeil, John P. Coyne, Mark S. Tolle, Robert D. LeMense, Michael C. Dionise, and John W. Houck
Recent Decisions
No full textComments on recent decisions by Carl F. Eiberger, Donald W. Bebenek, Walter C. Clements, Robert J. Hepler, Norman H. McNeil, John P. Coyne, Mark S. Tolle, Robert D. LeMense, Michael C. Dionise, and John W. Houck
Recent Decisions
No full textComments on recent decisions by Carl F. Eiberger, Donald W. Bebenek, Walter C. Clements, Robert J. Hepler, Norman H. McNeil, John P. Coyne, Mark S. Tolle, Robert D. LeMense, Michael C. Dionise, and John W. Houck
Differential Plant Injury and Yield Responses of Tomato Varieties to 2,4-D
No full textExperiments reported in this bulletin were conducted to determine the extent of plant injury and yield loss due to high and low rates of 2,4-D sprays on a wide range of home garden and processing tomato varieties. Results of this study could be used as a basis for suggesting tomato varieties suitable for growing in areas where 2,4-D drift is a common problem. An experiment was also conducted to determine if there was resistance to or good recovery from 2,4-D injury in other tomato species and in a wide collection of tomato plant introductions
Robert Newman, Salt Lake City, Utah: an interview by Greg Smoak and Greg Thompson, 15 March 2015
No full textTranscript (51 pages) of an interview by Greg Smoak and Gregory Thompson with Robert D. Newman on March 15, 2015, in Salt Lake City, Utah
Nursing assessment and management of nutrition in older people with cancer: An integrative review
No full textBackgroundThere is a risk of malnutrition when older people are diagnosed with cancer, highlighting the need for nutritional assessments and appropriate management to be undertaken by healthcare professionals including nurses. The absence of a standardised assessment method and management of nutrition in older people creates a gap in clinical practice and warrants further research.AimThe aim of this review was to explore the current nutritional assessment methods and evidence-based interventions for improving nutritional outcomes in older people with cancer.MethodsAn integrative literature review was conducted using electronic databases. Papers were limited to those published in English between 2009 and 2021. Search terms included older adult, elder, geriatric, senior, cancer, nutrition, malnutrition, hospital, and inpatient across four databases: Embase, CINAHL, MEDLINE, and Scopus. Using the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 303 articles were screened. A Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT) (2018) was used for quality appraisal. Concept analysis explored themes across the included articles.FindingsThe themes from the analysis of 10 primary research articles, which included 5,327 participants, were (i) types of nutritional assessment and (ii) management of older people with cancer. The main nutritional assessment scales used were the Mini Nutrition Assessment and Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment.ConclusionThe completion of a comprehensive nutritional assessment by health professionals, including nurses, could facilitate early dietary intervention in older persons with cancer. This would enable supportive dietary advice and supplementation to improve health outcomes
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