374 research outputs found
Jacob Viner’s Reminiscences from the New Deal (February 11, 1953)
No full textThis paper presents and reproduces an unpublished oral history interview given by Jacob Viner in 1953. The interview released by Viner for the Columbia Oral History Project gives us a valuable opportunity to throw light on his advisory activity during the New Deal Era. In our introduction we attempt to make a critical appraisal of Viner's reminiscences and to state the contribution they can provide to our general knowledge of the period. In addition, we also attempt to find out some biographical and interpretative elements useful to understand Viner’s own vision and his contribution to important economic policy processes during the New Deal.
Gebißbuch Oder Kurtzer und Gründlicher Bericht/ von Gebiß und Zeumung der Pferd : sampt deroselben unterschiedlichen Würckung/ auch wie dieselben nützlich und nach gelegenheit der Pferde zugebrauchen sein / Allen ... Standes Personen/ und dieser Kunst Liebhabern zu Ehren ... verfaßt/ und in offnen Druck gegeben/ Durch Christoff Jacob Lieb
No full textSupernatural bodies: the intersection of Nigerian feminism and body autonomy
No full textMany Nigerian women are depicted in literature as possessing little to no personal agency. Due to socio political issues, these women are often relegated to the margins of discourse surrounding Nigerian literature. Because of the chasm left within this arena, it becomes apparent that a critical investigation should be complied on the ways in which Nigerian feminism is employed within literature of the Global South. Specifically, with the recent surge in young, female, Nigerian authors being published, there has been an increase in the usage of the supernatural as a key element to provide women a semblance of agency. These young writers use various supernatural elements to open the discourse on Nigerian bodies, and how previous scholarship has failed to adequately capture underpinnings that are crucial to Nigerian feminism. The female protagonists in Ayobami Adebayo's Stay with Me, Helen Oyeyemi's White is for Witching, and Akwaeke Emezi's Freshwater each find agency via supernatural elements. Applying the theoretical framework of Oye?Çro?ünke?ü Oye?Çwu?Çmi?ü, specifically regarding gender roles in Nigeria, it becomes clear that each of these protagonists adheres to but also rejects Nigerian gender roles. Through this subversion of Western patriarchal notions of gender and feminism, the three authors studied provide a new type of Nigerian feminism, one that accounts for all feminine bodies, binary or non. By looking at how each author uses supernatural elements in tandem with bodies, it becomes clear that a discourse on the body cannot be parsed from its attachment to agency
Verzeichniß unterschiedlicher, dem Publico sehr nützlicher und mit Fleiß ausgearbeiteter Bücher/ Welche der Author derselben denen Herren Buchhändlern zuerst/ Nechst ihnen aber, allen wohlgesinnten Patrioten, ... auff billige Conditiones zum Verlag offeriret / [Paul Jacob Marperger]
No full textVerzeichniß unterschiedlicher dem Publico sehr nützlicher und mit Fleiß ausgearbeiteter Bücher/ Welche der Author derselben denen Herren Buchhändlern zu erst/ Nechst ihnen aber, allen wohlgesinnten Patrioten ... auff billige Conditiones zum Verlag offeriret
No full text[Paul Jacob Marperger
The effects of exercise training on the gut microbiota, microbial metabolites and microbial-host interactions in mice and humans
No full textEmbargo set by: Colleen Fallaw for item 102779
Lift date: 2019-08-10T21:27:21Z
Reason: Author requested U of Illinois access only (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD systemU of I Only Restriction Lifted for Item 102779 on 2019-08-11T09:15:24Z.The gut microbiome (GM) consists of trillions of microbes that can modulate numerous physiological systems of its mammalian host. It is well established that behavioral practices and the environment encountered by the host can contribute significantly to composition and functional capacity of the GM. Research investigating the roles of the GM in modulating host physiology has also indicated an important role of the gut microbes in causing, exacerbating, or preventing disease. Considering these findings, it is vital to have an in-depth understanding of the effects that behaviors and environmental stimuli have on the composition and functional capacity of the gut microbiota. Of these potential mediators, exercise training has recently emerged as a candidate. Data relating exercise and the microbiome have pointed to intriguing associations between changes in the GM and host physiology, including alterations in behavior, immunity and metabolism. However, this research has been confined primarily to animal models and uses only correlations to address possible interactions between microbe and host. Therefore, the primary purpose of the work presented in this dissertation is to understand how exercise training can modulate the gut microbiota while concurrently unraveling the ways in which GM changes may directly contribute to changes in host physiology, in both mice and humans.
This dissertation was divided into three major sections. First, we followed up on research conducted previously in our laboratory demonstrating that two six-week exercise training modalities (Forced Treadmill [FTR] vs. Voluntary Wheel Running [VWR]) led to differential inflammatory and clinical responses to a chemically-induced colitis insult in mice. To understand whether these observed outcomes may relate to differential changes in the gut microbiome, we performed an experiment examining the effects of these two training modalities on the GM composition. Interestingly, we observed that VWR and FTR differentially altered the composition of the mouse gut microbiota, indicating that the exercise-induced GM modifications may have contributed to the different colitis outcomes previously observed. In the second section of this dissertation, we investigated whether exercise-induced changes in the GM could contribute directly to host physiology. To accomplish this, we transplanted GMs from donor ‘exercised (VWR)’ or ‘sedentary’ mice into previously germ-free mice. First, we analyzed the composition of GM, concentrations of gut metabolites, and colon inflammation of mice that received GMs from donors. We found that the ‘exercised’ microbiota led to altered microbial communities and short chain fatty acid (SCFA) profiles, higher body weights, and reduced colon inflammation in the recipient, colonized mice. In a second cohort of GF mice, we used the same transplant and colonization design, with an additional administration of dextran-sodium sulfate (DSS) to induce acute colitis. Intriguingly, we found that the ‘exercised’ GM transplant led to an enhanced regenerative anti-inflammatory response in the colons of recipient mice after those mice received DSS for five days. In the last section of this dissertation, we wished to characterize the effects of exercise training on the human microbiome. To accomplish this, we conducted a longitudinal within-subjects design, whereby previously sedentary subjects participated in an endurance-based exercise intervention for six weeks (three days per week). This exercise period was followed by a return to sedentary activity for another six weeks. Fecal and blood samples were collected throughout the study, with dietary controls in place to avoid effects of diet in confounding any exercise-induced GM changes. We also examined whether obesity status had a role in exercise-induced regulation of the GM, and thus subjects were recruited on BMI status (lean vs. obese). After analysis, we found that the GM composition and metabolic capacity was significantly altered by exercise training. Moreover, we found that fecal microbial-derived SCFAs, which we had previously shown to be increased in exercised animals, also increased due to exercise training in humans. The exercise-induced changes in the GM were largely reverted after a return to sedentary activity, providing further evidence that physical activity status contributes significantly to GM composition. Lastly, we identified that obesity plays a role in modulating the GM response to exercise.
In summary, this dissertation comprises evidence that indicates that exercise training can alter the gut microbiota and GM derived metabolites in mice and humans. Moreover, we show for the first time that the changes in the gut microbiota have direct, and likely critical, relationships to host physiology during exercise training. In turn, these data presented herein may be important for understanding physiological systems that beneficially impact human health.Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'U of I Access', the embargo will last until 2019-05-01The student, Jacob Allen, accepted the attached license on 2017-04-18 at 10:28.The student, Jacob Allen, submitted this Dissertation for approval on 2017-04-18 at 10:37.This Dissertation was approved for publication on 2017-04-20 at 16:29.DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #10846 on 2017-08-10 at 15:06:00Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-10T20:33:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 3
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Previous issue date: 2017-04-2
Hundreds of variants clustered in genomic loci and biological pathways affect human height
No full textMost common human traits and diseases have a polygenic pattern of inheritance: DNA sequence variants at many genetic loci influence the phenotype. Genome-wide association (GWA) studies have identified more than 600 variants associated with human traits(1), but these typically explain small fractions of phenotypic variation, raising questions about the use of further studies. Here, using 183,727 individuals, we show that hundreds of genetic variants, in at least 180 loci, influence adult height, a highly heritable and classic polygenic trait(2,3). The large number of loci reveals patterns with important implications for genetic studies of common human diseases and traits. First, the 180 loci are not random, but instead are enriched for genes that are connected in biological pathways (P = 0.016) and that underlie skeletal growth defects (P<0.001). Second, the likely causal gene is often located near the most strongly associated variant: in 13 of 21 loci containing a known skeletal growth gene, that gene was closest to the associated variant. Third, at least 19 loci have multiple independently associated variants, suggesting that allelic heterogeneity is a frequent feature of polygenic traits, that comprehensive explorations of already-discovered loci should discover additional variants and that an appreciable fraction of associated loci may have been identified. Fourth, associated variants are enriched for likely functional effects on genes, being over-represented among variants that alter amino-acid structure of proteins and expression levels of nearby genes. Our data explain approximately 10% of the phenotypic variation in height, and we estimate that unidentified common variants of similar effect sizes would increase this figure to approximately 16% of phenotypic variation (approximately 20% of heritable variation). Although additional approaches are needed to dissect the genetic architecture of polygenic human traits fully, our findings indicate that GWA studies can identify large numbers of loci that implicate biologically relevant genes and pathways
Promoting Healthy Marriages in the Jewish and Catholic Traditions
No full textIn this program, Rabbi Morris J. Allen and Fr. Timothy Cloutier will share resources from their religious traditions that inform their understanding of what promotes healthy marriages and they will discuss what local congregations might do to promote such marriages.
Rabbi Morris J. Allen is the spiritual leader of Beth Jacob Congregation in Mendota Heights. The Jewish Daily Forward identified him as one of the most influential leaders in the American Jewish Community in 2008 for his work in the area of ethical certification of kosher food. He has served as a member of the Rabbinical Assembly’s Commission on Human Sexuality.
Fr. Timothy Cloutier has been a priest of the Archdiocese of St. Paul and Minneapolis since 1999 and is currently the juridical vicar of the Metropolitan Tribunal. He has served as the pastor of St. Mary in Waverly, St. Raphael in Crystal, and Immaculate Heart of Mary in Minnetonka. Prior to 1999, he spent sixteen years with a religious community in Europe.
This program was initiated by UST student Elliot Polsky as a result of his summer research on the topic of healthy marriages. It is sponsored by the Jay Phillips Center for Interfaith Learning in collaboration with Marriage Club, Philosophy Club, Theology Club , and Students for Human Life. To make an accessibility request, call Disability Resources at (651) 962-631
”Inspiration is hard to come by. You have to take it where you find it.” : An analysis of the conscious use of intertextuality in Bob Dylan’s lyrics between the years of 1963–65.
No full textUppsatsen belyser delar av komplexiteten i Bob Dylans författarskap via en analys av det medvetna bruket av intertextualitet i sex låtar från tre olika album, alla från mitten av 1960-talet. Det klarläggs att Dylan inte kan förenklas till endast alluderingar till Shakespeare, utan att författarskapet innehåller en hög grad av komplexitet. Syftet är alltså att visa på låtskrivarens medvetna influenser, alluderingar, citat, omskrivningar och satir och hur det påvisar tesen. Analysexemplen, som de framstår via det litteraturvetenskapliga verktyget, påvisar olika kopplingar. Även om författaren är komplex från första texten utvecklas poeten från att referera till folktraditionen till att alludera till författare som Edgar Allen Poe, William Blake, Dylan Thomas och Allen Ginsberg i de senare exemplen.This essay highlights parts of the complexity in Bob Dylan’s authorship via an analysis of the conscious usage of intertextuality in six songs from three different albums, all from the middle of the 1960’s. It is elucidated that Dylan’s lyrics cannot be simplified as only allusions to Shakespeare and it is shown that the lyrics contains a high level of complexity. The purpose is to display the author’s conscious use of references such as allusions, quotes, euphemisms and satire and show how those supports my thesis. The texts, as they are perceived through intertextuality, shows different connections. Even though the author is complex from the first example to the last, it is shown in this essay that he progresses from referring to the old folk music tradition to alluding to authors such as Edgar Allen Poe, William Blake, Dylan Thomas and Allen Ginsberg in the later examples
The influence of African sculpture on British art, 1910-1930
No full textThis thesis aims to discuss the influence of African wood sculpture
on British art from 1910 to 1930. It proposes that the works, tastes and
pronouncements of various 20th century British artists betray this
influence and that although the British artists did not initially
understand the conceptual foundations of African sculpture their limited
knowledge was just sufficient for the modernization of British art
through the adaptation of the formal qualities of African art.
In assessing the validity of these propositions the thesis examines
the factors and issues that facilitated the influence. Chapter 1
discusses the formal qualities of African wood sculpture that attracted
the British artists. It outlines the unusual figural proportions, the
free and direct use of planar, linear and solid geometry, the treatment
of material and its surfaces.
The conceptual foundations of African sculpture are generally
outlined in Chapter 2. The extent to which the British artists
understood these foundations is also discussed.
Chapter 3 concerns the introduction of African sculpture to Britain
and discusses the development of the anthropological and subsequent
aesthetic interest that it aroused. Both the Post-Impressionist
Exhibitions and the Omega Workshops which facilitated its influence are
examined. Chapter 4 examines the concept and attempts to categorize the
nature of this influence.
The last three chapters act as case studies in which the impact of
African sculpture on Epstein, Gaudier-Brzeska and Henry Moore is
examined. The conclusion discusses the term 'Primitive' and the British
artists and the 'Primitive
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