1,720,991 research outputs found
Arboreal Tradition and Subversion: An Ecocritical Reading of Shakespeare’s Portrayal of Trees, Woods and Forests
Full text linkThis paper analyses from an ecocritical standpoint the role of trees, woods and forests and their symbolism in William Shakespeare’s Hamlet, Macbeth, The Merchant of Venice, The Merry Wives of Windsor, A Midsummer Night’s Dream, Richard II and The Tempest. The analysis begins with an outline of the representation of trees on stage to continue with a ‘close reading’ of the mentioned plays, clearly distinguishing individual trees from woods and forests. Individual types of trees may represent death, sadness, sorcery and premonitions, or serve as meeting places, while forests and woods are frequently portrayed as settings which create an atmosphere of confusion, false appearances, danger and magic. This reflects a long-standing historical connection between trees and forests and the supernatural in literature and culture. However, while individual trees largely reflect traditional symbology, conventional interpretations are often subverted in Shakespeare’s treatment of forests and woods. From all this we may infer that Shakespeare was not only familiar with the traditions associated to individual tree species and forests in general, but also that he made conscious and active use of these in order to enhance the meaning of an action, reinforce character traits, further the plot and create a specific atmosphere. More subtly, the collective arboreal environments can also be interpreted as spaces in which superstitions and older societal models are questioned in favour of a more rational and reasonable understanding of the world
The unpublished ‘Mód Þrýþe ne Wæg’ by C. S. Lewis: A critical edition
No full textAs the title of this edition indicates, it provides a critical apparatus for a holistic understanding of this alliterative epistolary poem by C.S. Lewis, which has never appeared in print before. With this in mind, all points requiring clarification are addressed: a description and history of the manuscript, Lewis's relationship with the addressee, the dating of the work, the Old English phrases and connection to Beowulf, and the poem's alliterative nature. It is the editor's hope that the edition provides a solid foundation for all further work on ‘Mód Þrýþe Ne Wæg', a poem which highlights once more that Lewis the scholar and Lewis the author often operated under the same guise
The birth of a new literary subgenre in Spain: La reina del país misterioso (1929) as an early Weird Western
No full textThe final year of the 1920s experienced the metamorphosis of the traditional Western in Spain, which resulted in the birth of the hybrid subgenre known as Weird Western in the Iberian Peninsula. This article introduces and explains the context that gave birth to the original Weird Western collection of El sheriff (Prensa Moderna 1929-1932; editorial Fénix 1932-1934), and offers a sample of the whole by locating and scrutinizing some of the weirding elements in La reina del país misterioso (no. 12, 1929). The aim is also to make some fundamental information about El sheriff available to a global readership, including an appendix that reconstructs, for the first time, a tentative bibliography of the original collection of El sheriff, the spin-off Pete (Prensa Moderna 1934-1935), and the inconsecutive reprints of the original volumes by Ediciones Tesoro (1943-1944). This author hopes that the article will offer a strong foundation for any future work on El sheriff, with the aspiration of starting and stimulating a transnational discussion
The Birth of a New Literary Subgenre in Spain: La reina del país misterioso (1929) as an Early Weird Western
Full text linkThe final year of the 1920s experienced the metamorphosis of the traditional Western in Spain, which resulted in the birth of the hybrid subgenre known as Weird Western in the Iberian Peninsula. This article introduces and explains the context that gave birth to the original Weird Western collection of El sheriff (Prensa Moderna 1929-1932; editorial Fénix 1932-1934), and offers a sample of the whole by locating and scrutinizing some of the weirding elements in La reina del país misterioso (no. 12, 1929). The aim is also to make some fundamental information about El sheriff available to a global readership, including an appendix that reconstructs, for the first time, a tentative bibliography of the original collection of El sheriff, the spin-off Pete (Prensa Moderna 1934-1935), and the inconsecutive reprints of the original volumes by Ediciones Tesoro (1943-1944). This author hopes that the article will offer a strong foundation for any future work on El sheriff, with the aspiration of starting and stimulating a transnational discussion.I would like to express my gratitude to Miriam Garrido, Peter Altekrüger (Ibero-Amerikanisches Institut, Berlin), Fernando Eguidazu, Pedro Porcel, and Jesús Cuadrado for their generous assistance. This article was completed under the auspices of a Next Generation EU Margarita Salas postdoctoral grant (MARSA22/19), financed by the Ministry of Universities (Government of Spain) and the European Union, and by the research group REWEST (IT-1565-22), funded by the Basque Government and UPV/EHU. It was also sponsored by the research project “(An)Other Western Story: Beyond Genres, Gender, Nations” (PID2023-149915NB-100), sponsored by the Ministry of Science and Innovation, Government of Spain
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Book Review: Tolkien: Maker of Middle-earth
Full text linkMcIlwaine, Catherine, editor. Tolkien: Maker of Middle-earth. Bodleian Library, U. of Oxford, 2018. ISBN 978-1851244850
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