117,338 research outputs found
Non solo per donne: un approccio femminista all’abitare collaborativo intergenerazionale = Pour les femmes mais pas uniquement: une approche féministe de la cohabitation intergénérationnelle
No full textIl testo analizza la crisi abitativa urbana in Europa, evidenziando come l’aumento dei costi delle abitazioni, la precarietà lavorativa e l’inadeguatezza dei salari contribuiscano alla diffusione della povertà, colpendo in particolare le categorie più vulnerabili, come donne, famiglie monoparentali e comunità LGBTIQ+. La crisi è aggravata da fattori come pandemia, guerra, migrazioni, gentrificazione e violenza domestica. Si sottolinea la necessità di politiche abitative sensibili al genere e orientate all’inclusione. In questo contesto, il Collaborative Housing (CH) emerge come modello alternativo non speculativo, ispirato a pratiche femministe storiche, che promuove coabitazione, solidarietà e partecipazione. Il caso studio di CALICO a Bruxelles rappresenta un esempio concreto di CH basato sul Community Land Trust, volto a garantire alloggi accessibili e inclusivi per donne, anziani e famiglie vulnerabili, attraverso un modello di proprietà collettiva, governance partecipata e valori di cura, equità e sostenibilità
Lactobacillus colini
No full textLactobacillus colini Lactobacillus colini (co.li’ni. N.L. gen. n. colini of Colinus, scientific name of bobwhites). L. colini ferments a broad range of hexoses and disaccharides but pentoses arenot fermented. Optimum growth isobserved at 37 °C and between pH 5.0 and 5.5 [78]. The mol% G+C content of DNA is 35.6. Isolated from bobwhites, a ground-dwelling bird [78]. Thetypestrainis 111144 L1 T =DSM 101872 T =KCTC 21086 T. Genome accession number: not available at time of publication. 16S rRNA gene accession number: KU161105.Published as part of Zheng, Jinshui, Wittouck, Stijn, Salvetti, Elisa, Franz, Charles M. A. P., Harris, Hugh M. B., Mattarelli, Paola, O'Toole, Paul W., Pot, Bruno, Vandamme, Peter, Walter, Jens, Watanabe, Koichi, Wuyts, Sander, Felis, Giovanna E., Gänzle, Michael G. & Lebeer, Sarah, 2020, A taxonomic note on the genus Lactobacillus: Description of 23 novel genera, emended description of the genus Lactobacillus Beijerinck 1901, and union of Lactobacillaceae and Leuconostocaceae, pp. 2782-2858 in International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 70 on page 2795, DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.004107, http://zenodo.org/record/473053
Elacatinus colini Randall & Lobel, 2009, new species
No full text<i>Elacatinus colini</i>, new species <p>(Figs. 2–7; Tables 1, 2)</p> <p> ? <i>Gobiosoma (Elacatinus) horsti</i> Colin, 1975: 94 (Belize).</p> <p> <i>Elacatinus xanthiprora</i> Smith et al., 2003: 62, fig. 17 (Pelican Cays, Belize).</p> <p> <b>Holotype:</b> USNM 395063, female, 26.8 mm, Belize, Wee Wee Cay, off main dock, 16°45.860’N, 88°8.631’W, patch reef of mixed coral and sponge on sloping sand substratum, 5 m, hand net, P.S. Lobel, 7 December 2008.</p> <p> <b>Paratypes</b>: BPBM 37442, 21.3 mm, Belize, Pelican Cays, coral reef in mangrove area, 14 m, quinaldine, J.E. Randall, 21 March 1997; USNM 347301, 32.0 mm, Belize, Carrie Bow Cay, sand bores south of island, C.C. Baldwin, 28 August 1997; USNM 347401, 27.2 mm, Belize, Pelican Cays, Cat Cay, outside lagoon, <i>Agaricia</i> slope at southwest end of cay, 9–13.5 m, J.C. Tyler, M. Tyler, W.P. Davis, & C.L. Smith, 14 October 1997; USNM 365031, 4: 17.1–25.8 mm, Belize, Pelican Cays, Manatee Cay, west side, outside of coral wall at entrance to lagoon, 12–16.5 m, J.C. Tyler & W.P. Davis, 29 January 2001; USNM 394964, female, 33.5 mm, Belize, Wee Wee Cay, off main dock, same location as holotype, patch reef of mixed coral and sponge on sloping sand substratum, 3 m, hand net, P.S. Lobel, 4 December 2003; ANSP 189240, 4: 18.5–23.2 mm and UF 173046, 28.1 mm, same data as preceding; SIO 08-180, 19.3 mm, Honduras, Islas de la Bahía, Isla de Utila, south-side wall, 16.081°N, 86.921°W, B.C. Victor, 30 June 2008; MNHN 2009-0091, 2: 22.5–24.7, same location as holotype, sloping coral and sponge bottom, 5 m, hand net, P.S. Lobel, 7 December 2008.</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis:</b> Dorsal rays VII + I, 11 (10–12, rarely 10); anal rays I,10 (10–11, two of 15 with 11); pectoral rays 17–19 (usually 18, one of 30 with 19); no scales; body and fins covered with thick adherent mucus; mouth subterminal; tongue truncate; no rostral frenum; color in alcohol pale yellowish gray with a midlateral black stripe from eye nearly to posterior end of caudal fin, about a pupil diameter in width on head, broadening to about an eye diameter in width on body; a blackish line extending posteriorly from above upper edge of eye, continuing below base of dorsal fins, and extending into dorsal part of caudal fin; fins otherwise translucent gray; color in life of body above black lateral stripe bluish to greenish gray with a bright white stripe as wide as pupil passing between black stripe and black line, becoming yellow on head as it nears upper edge of eye; dorsal part of iris brilliant yellow; snout and lips dusky yellow; a median brilliant yellow band on snout extending into anterior interorbital; ventral part of head and body whitish.</p> <p>Species Dorsal rays Anal rays Pectoral rays1</p> <p> 10 11 12 9 10 11 17 18 19 20 <i>E</i>. xanthiprora 4 1 5 4 6 <i>E</i>. colini 9 3 11 1 7 17</p> <p> <i>E. serranilla</i> 4 4 2 6</p> <p> <i>E.</i> sp. 1 (Nicaragua) 2 2 2 2 <i>E.</i> sp. 2 (Isla de Providencia) 3 8 2 9 8 12 2</p> <p>1Both pectoral fins counted Holotype Paratypes</p> <p> <b>Description:</b> Dorsal rays VII + I,11 (10–12, usually 11, one with 10); anal rays I,10–11 (two of 13 paratypes with 11); dorsal and anal soft rays branched, the last to base; pectoral rays 18 (17–19, usually 18, one with 19 on one side), the uppermost and lowermost unbranched (branched or unbranched in paratypes); pelvic rays I,5; pelvic frenum well developed; branched caudal rays 13 (12–13); upper and lower procurrent caudal rays 9 (8–9); head and body entirely naked, with a thick adherent covering of mucus; gill rakers 2 +7 (1–2 + 7); vertebrae 28.</p> <p>The following morphometrics are given as percentages of the standard length: body depth 18.8 (18.7–23.3); body compressed, the width 12.5 (10.6–15.0); head length 28.3 (28.2–29.2); snout length 6.7 (6.1–6.8); orbit diameter 6.7 (6.6–7.0); interorbital width 4.8 (4.0–5.3); caudal-peduncle depth 12.6 (11.5–13.8); caudal-peduncle length 19.8 (19.6–21.5).</p> <p>Mouth subterminal, U-shaped when viewed ventrally, and oblique laterally, forming an angle of about 18° below horizontal axis of body; maxilla reaching to or slightly posterior to middle of eye, the upper-jaw length 11.5 (11.3–12.7); each side of upper jaw of female holotype with an outer row of 24 slender, conical, slightly incurved and retrorse teeth, the largest about two-thirds pupil diameter, becoming progressively shorter on posterior half of jaw; an inner band of 3 rows of small conical teeth at front of jaw, narrowing to a single row posteriorly; each side of front of lower jaw with an outer row of 7 or 8 slender, incurved, conical teeth about two-thirds size of anterior upper-jaw teeth, followed by about 22 smaller teeth on side of jaw; a band of small conical teeth medial to anterior row of large teeth; an inner row of four larger, strongly retrorse, conical teeth about one-third distance back in jaw; each side of front of upper jaw of males with five progressively larger and more retrorse canine teeth, the last two of about pupil length; corner of lower jaw of males with two retrorse canines comparable to posterior two of upper jaw; no rostral frenum, and no mental flap.</p> <p>Gill opening short, extending ventrally to level of lower edge of pectoral-fin base; gill membranes attached anteriorly to isthmus; gill rakers short, the longest at angle less than one-half length of longest gill filaments.</p> <p>Anterior nostril tubular, at edge of snout above upper lip, in line with ventral edge of pupil; posterior nostril dorsoposterior, with a fleshy rim, nearly in line with upper edge of pupil, the internarial distance threefourths pupil diameter; cephalic sensory pores system of eight pores as diagrammed by Lachner & Karnella (1980: fig. 4a); cephalic sensory papillae as follows: a row of papillae from anterior nostril along edge of upper lip and continuing horizontally half way across cheek, a second row extending ventroposteriorly from posterior nostril to join first row, followed by six rows from ventral edge of eye, the first three progressively less oblique, the fourth perpendicular to eye, the fifth obliquely posterior to eye with a horizontal branch near base; sixth row below posterior interorbital pore; a series of papillae along lower jaw adjacent to lower lip, continuing along edge of operculum; an irregular, double, horizontal row of papillae dorsal to opercle; a vertical row of papillae anteriorly on opercle behind posterior margin of preopercle, with a horizontal row of papillae from its upper end, and another near lower end, the two slightly converging; a series of slightly oblique rows of papillae following midlateral black stripe on body posterior to axil of pectoral fin.</p> <p>Origin of first dorsal fin above rear base of pelvic fins, the predorsal length 34.1 (34.0–35.0); dorsal and anal spines slender and flexible; third dorsal spine longest (but second and fourth spines nearly as long), 17.7 (l7.7–18.7); last membrane of first dorsal fin reaching origin of second dorsal fin; spine of second dorsal fin 11.4 (11.2–13.8); middle dorsal soft rays longest, 17.9 (17.8–18.5); origin of anal fin slightly posterior to base of first dorsal soft ray, the preanal length 58.0 (57.3–59.9); anal spine 9.0 (8.4–9.5); penultimate anal soft ray usually longest 15.8 (15.3–17.5); caudal fin rounded, 23.9 (23.4–25.2); base of pectoral fins directly posterior to and equal to height of gill opening; ninth or tenth pectoral rays usually longest, reaching to between verticals at base of seventh dorsal spine and origin of second dorsal fin, 24.8 (23.3–25.9); origin of pelvic fins slightly posterior to rear edge of pectoral-fin base, the prepelvic length 27.7 (27.2–29.0); pelvic fins joined to form a disk more than twice as long as wide, approaching but not reaching anus, 23.5 (23.3–25.3); genital papilla of male a narrow triangle in ventral view, one-half orbit diameter in length in 32-mm paratype.</p> <p>Color of holotype in alcohol: pale yellowish gray with a midlateral black stripe from middle of eye nearly to posterior end of caudal fin, about a pupil diameter in width on head, broadening to about an eye diameter in width on body; a median white line dorsally on snout, faintly edged in blackish; a blackish line at edge of each eye in interorbital, continuing across postorbital head, below base of dorsal fins, and extending into dorsal part of caudal fin; fins otherwise translucent yellowish gray.</p> <p>Color of holotype in life as illustrated in Fig. 2. Color of other individuals shown in Figs. 3–7. Figs. 6 and 7 extend the range to the island of Utila, Islas de Bahía, Honduras. We also have a paratype collected at Utila by Benjamin B. Victor.</p> <p> <b>Etymology:</b> We are pleased to name this species for Patrick L. Colin, in recognition of his exceptional doctoral thesis on the comparative biology of western Atlantic gobies of the genus <i>Elacatinus</i>, and for his help in our research on the genus.</p> <p> <b>Remarks:</b> We examined the holotype of <i>Elacatinus xanthiprora</i> (ANSP 110898, 28.8 mm) from 23 m at Alligator Reef in the Florida Keys and the two paratypes from Dry Tortugas collected by W.H. Longley (USNM 118105, 22.9–25.6 mm), first identified by Longley in Longley & Hildebrand (1941: 227) as <i>Elacatinus horsti</i> (Metzelaar). The fourth paratype of <i>E. xanthiprora</i> from Jamaica, collected by the first author from 24 m in 1959, is reidentified here as a new species that is described below, along with three specimens from the Serranilla Bank.</p> <p> Two additional specimens of <i>Elacatinus xanthiprora</i> were examined, one collected by Patrick L. Colin at Dry Tortugas in 13.5 m, in 1973 (UF 230715, 22.2 mm) (Fig. 8), and the other from trawl station 50 of the R/ V <i>Albatross IV</i> in 26 m off the west coast of Florida, commencing at 28°40’54”N, 83°45’18”W in 1980 (ANSP 148926, 43.1 mm).</p> <p> An underwater color photograph of <i>E. xanthiprora</i> taken by Paul Humann off Key Biscayne, Miami (Humann, 2002: 265) was provided for this study (Fig. 9). It is the northernmost record of the species for the Atlantic coast of Florida.</p> <p> We present the fin-ray counts of the six available specimens of <i>Elacatinus xanthiprora</i> (all from Florida) in Table 1, along with those of <i>E. colini</i> (types and nontypes). The pectoral-ray counts of 19 and 20 for <i>E. xanthiprora</i> provide complete separation from <i>E. colini</i>.</p> <p> Comparison of the proportional measurements of <i>E. colini</i> (Table 2) with those of <i>E. xanthiprora</i> (Table 3) offers little to separate the species. The only nonoverlapping measurements are the snout length (shorter in <i>E. colini</i>) and the length of base of dorsal fins (longer in <i>E. colini</i>).</p> <p> Most of the specimens of <i>E. colini</i> have been collected in Pelican Cays of the lagoon area of the Belize Barrier Reef. We have not seen the species on the seaward side of the Mesoamerican Barrier Reef, or on the offshore reefs of Glovers and Lighthouse Atolls.</p> <p> Tyler & Böhlke (1972: 619) regarded <i>Elacatinus xanthiprora</i> and relatives as facultative sponge dwellers, defined as species that spend at least a portion of their lives in or on tubular sponges. <i>E. colini</i> clearly falls in this category. It has been observed in association with sixteen different sponges and often seeks refuge in the lumen of its hosts. In addition to the five sponges identified in our Figs. 3–7, we have seen <i>E. colini</i> on or within <i>Aplysina fulva</i>, <i>Aplysina</i> sp. 1, <i>Aplysina</i> sp. 2., <i>Ircinia</i> sp., <i>Niphrates digitalis</i>, <i>Spirastrella coccinea</i>, <i>Verongula</i> sp., and four unidentified sponge species. However, it has also been observed at rest on live coral (Fig. 2), and may hide in cracks in the reef when threatened. The two individuals of Fig. 4 were observed to retire to the sponge for the night.</p> <p> <b>TABLE 3.</b> Proportional measurements of type specimens of <i>Elacatinus xanthiprora</i> as percentages of standard length. Holotype Nontype Paratype Nontype ANSP 110898 UF 230715 USNM 118105 ANSP 148926 Measurements were not taken from the two smallest paratypes due to their poor condition.</p> <p> <i>Elacatinus colini</i> has been found in the depth range of 2–17 m, but it probably occurs at greater depths. The coral reefs of the Pelican Cays area extend on sloping bottom to only about 18 m. This sponge goby is usually seen in pairs or small groups. It is sympatric with a blue-striped cleaning goby that has long been identified as <i>Elacatinus oceanops</i> Jordan. However, the latter is another undescribed species of the genus (Randall & Colin, MS). A third species of <i>Elacatinus</i>, <i>E. lori</i> Colin (Fig. 10), also a sponge inquiline, was described from Belize, but is known only from the seaward part of the barrier reef. Colin (1975: 98-99) had tentatively identified this species as the white form of <i>E. horsti</i> (Metzelaar). We present an illustration of the true <i>E. horsti</i> as Fig. 11.</p> <p> <i>Elacatinus randalli</i> is similar in color to <i>E. colini</i> and <i>E. xanthiprora</i>, especially in the snout coloration, and it may be found on sponge as in Fig. 12, but it is a cleaner goby.</p> <p> <i>Elacatinus colini</i> has a thick coat of mucus over the head, body, and fins. The mucus congeals in formalin-preserved specimens to a tough, faintly translucent, whitish coating that nearly obliterates the black markings. The first specimen collected for this study was damaged in the attempt to remove the mucus, and no measurements were taken from it for Table 2.</p> <p> Smith & Tyler (1972: 160) reported that the mucus of the sponge-dwelling <i>Elacatinus chancei</i> (Beebe & Hollister) contains a repelling substance after they observed the hamlet <i>Hypoplectrus puella</i> (Cuvier) forcefully reject an individual of this goby, following its initial seizure. Colin (1975: 243–247) discussed experiments demonstrating the noxious quality of the skin of <i>E. horsti</i> and <i>E. chancei</i>.</p> <p> The first author determined the suspected presence of a crinotoxin in the mucus of some species of grammistine, gobiesocid, and callionymid fishes by the bitter taste of the mucus. At his suggestion, the second author and students tasted the mucus of <i>E. colini</i> and found it very bitter and somewhat peppery. The mucus of the sympatric cleaning goby also tasted bitter, but not so strongly. One could assume that the latter would not need as much chemical protection because of its symbiotic association with numerous species of Caribbean reef fishes.</p> <p> Although these two species of <i>Elacatinus</i> on lagoon reefs of Belize are readily separated by the color of the stripe on the upper side of the body in life, white in <i>E. colini</i> and blue in the undescribed cleaner goby, a close examination is needed to distinguish them as preserved specimens. The overhanging snout and ventral mouth of the cleaning goby provides the most obvious difference. Other morphological differences are its shorter pelvic fins, 16.4–17.6% SL, compared to 23.3–25.3% SL of <i>E. colini</i>, and the rounder pelvic disk, reflecting its use as a strong sucking disk when it attaches to the host fishes. There is also a difference in the ventrolateral black stripe. It is broader on the cleaning goby and extends onto the side of the snout.</p> <p> Because Colin (1975: 119) found the parasitic polychaete <i>Haplosyllis spongicola</i> as the principal component of the gut contents of the four species of sponge-dwelling <i>Elacatinus</i> that he was able to dissect, <i>E. chancei</i>, <i>E. horsti</i>, <i>E. louisae</i>, and <i>E. tenox</i>, we expected to find the polychaete in the digestive tract of <i>E. colini</i>. However, the seven adult type specimens that we dissected were largely empty, and none contained anything that we could identify as polychaete. One fish had eaten copepods, which might be anticipated because individuals on the reef occasionally make quick upward forays, as if to feed on zooplankton. Another fish contained only one small larval gnathiid isopod and a tiny fish scale. This supports the fleeting observation by the second author of what appeared to be a brief cleaning of a reef fish by <i>E. colini</i>. Three nontype specimens from Belize were obtained from David G. Smith of the National Museum of Natural History for further dissection. All had empty digestive tracts. Although additional specimens may yet reveal feeding on the parasitic polychaete, our limited data suggest that it is not a major food source.</p> <p> An abundance of polychaete remains were found in two specimens of the undescribed species of spongedwelling <i>Elacatinus</i> from Isla de Providencia. The gut material was sent to Leslie H. Harris of the Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, who confirmed it as belonging to the genus <i>Haplosyllis</i>.</p> <p> We contacted two aquarium fish collectors in Florida with a request to provide tissue samples of specimens of <i>Elacatinus xanthiprora</i> so that genetric comparison could be made with our tissue samples of <i>E. colini</i>. Both collectors know the species but indicated that they rarely catch it because of its occurrence on deep reefs.</p>Published as part of <i>Randall, John E. & Lobel, Phiillip S., 2009, A literature review of the sponge-dwelling gobiid fishes of the genus Elacatinus from the western Atlantic, with description of two new Caribbean species, pp. 1-19 in Zootaxa 2133</i> on pages 5-11, DOI: <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/274944">10.5281/zenodo.274944</a>
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Podospongia colini Sim-Smith & Kelly, 2011, sp. nov.
No full text<i>Podospongia colini</i> sp. nov. <p>(Fig. 1 B, 2B, 3E–I)</p> <p> <i>Podospongia</i> sp. Colin & Arneson (1995: 20).</p> <p> <b>Material examined. Holotype</b> ― USNM 1154618: Cape Tarabitan (Torowitan), northern tip of Sulawesi, Indonesia, 1.752° N, 124.981° E, 50 m, collected on SCUBA by Dr Patrick L. Colin, CRRF, 21 May 1993; schizotypes are held at NIC, NIWA, Wellington, as NIWA 62047. <b>Paratype</b> ― USNM 1154619: Cape Tarabitan (Torowitan), northern tip of Sulawesi, Indonesia, 1.752° N, 124.981° E, 50–67 m, collected on SCUBA by Dr Patrick L. Colin, CRRF, 21 May 1993.</p> <p> <b>Type location.</b> Cape Tarabitan, North Sulawesi, Indonesia.</p> <p> <b>Distribution.</b> Known only from type location.</p> <p> <b>Description.</b> Stipitate sponge, 90 mm high (holotype), with an elliptical body 15 mm wide, on a flexible stalk 4–5 mm diameter, attached to the substrate by a solid expanded base (Fig. 1 B). Paratype has a total length of 86 mm, body is 16 mm high and 9.5 mm wide. One or two raised oscules are present on the apex of the body in life, occasionally on one side of the sponge. Ostia are visible under magnification and scattered in the ectosomal membrane. Surface inflated and undulating in life, granular to the touch, texture compressible, stalk tough. Colour in life peach orange and in ethanol cream throughout.</p> <p> <b>Skeleton.</b> Ectosome a moderately dense layer of microscleres surrounding the body and stalk, through which emerge brushes of small slender strongyloxeas. The stalk consists of short thick anisostrongyles forming a dense spongin-encased reticulation, with long thin strongyloxeas forming irregular brushes that emerge in the ectosome through a crust of microscleres. The dense spongin reticulation of the stalk gives way to multiple dendritic tracts of strongyloxeas that spray in an umbelliform arrangement within the globular body, expanding to form brushes at the surface. Microscleres are scattered through the choanosome (Fig. 2 B).</p> <p> <i>Megascleres</i> (Fig. 3 E–F, Table 1)― <b>Anisostrongyles</b> (Fig. 3 E), thick, irregularly curved with strongylote ends, forming the spongin-encased reticulation within the stalk; 391 (350–500) x 16 (10–20) μm. <b>Strongyloxeas I</b> (Fig. 3 F), long, thin, faintly polytylote, with a very fine needle-like distal end, forming the secondary tracts that emerge through the globular body; 821 (700–930) x 8 (6–10) μm. <b>Strongyloxeas II</b>, shorter, thin, also faintly polytylote, forming the brushes of the ectosome in the stalk and body; 591 (530–710) x 8 (6–10) μm.</p> <p> <i>Microscleres</i> (Fig. 3 G–I, Table 1)― <b>Aciculospinorhabds</b>, regularly spined, asymmetrical. Basal whorl composed of a regular tight cluster of spines. Apical whorl and apex merge into a cluster of spines, more densely clustered than the basal whorl; 28 (25–30) μm long x 18 μm wide. Protospinorhabds sigmoid (Fig. 3 I), around 10 μm in length, older protospinorhabds (Fig. 3 H) have numerous projections.</p> <p> <b>Substrate, depth range, and ecology.</b> The sponge was collected from a fringing reef wall between 50–67 m where it was reasonably common.</p> <p> <b>Etymology.</b> Named after Dr Patrick L. Colin, Director of the Coral Reef Research Foundation, Palau, in recognition for the enormous contribution he has made to our knowledge of Indo-Pacific sponge biodiversity, through his extensive SCUBA and manned-submersible collections over the last 20 years. Dr Colin has a penchant for deep-diving, and the collection of obscure and unusual deep-water creatures.</p> <p> <b>Remarks.</b> <i>Podospongia colini</i> <b>sp. nov.</b> was first recorded as an undescribed species, and figured in Colin & Arneson (1995, p. 20). <i>P</i>. <i>colini</i> <b>sp. nov.</b> is the largest <i>Podospongia</i> species recorded at 90 mm total length, although New Caledonian <i>P</i>. <i>similis</i> ranges from 57–80 mm (Lévi 1993) and <i>P</i>. <i>virga</i> <b>sp. nov.</b>, from northern New Zealand, has a total length of 70 mm. Unlike <i>P</i>. <i>similis</i>, <i>P</i>. <i>colini</i> <b>sp. nov.</b> (and <i>P</i>. <i>virga</i> <b>sp. nov.</b>) has a simple aquiferous system where surface ostia lead to several single and multiple oscules on the lateral and apical faces of the sponge. <i>P</i>. <i>colini</i> <b>sp. nov.</b> is found in shallow tropical reef habitat (50–67 m), similar to the habitat of <i>P</i>. <i>natalensis</i> (Table 1). All other species of <i>Podospongia</i> are considered to be deep-water species.</p> <p> Like <i>P</i>. <i>virga</i> <b>sp. nov.</b>, <i>P</i>. <i>colini</i> <b>sp. nov.</b> has a category of smaller anisostrongyles in the stalk region, but unlike <i>P</i>. <i>virga</i> <b>sp. nov.</b> and <i>P</i>. <i>similis</i>, it has two further categories of strongyloxeas instead of anisoxeas. The smaller strongyloxeas project beyond the surface of the sponge giving it a slightly hispid texture. <i>P</i>. <i>colini</i> <b>sp. nov.</b> has the smallest aciculospinorhabds of the three species; they are less regular than those of <i>P</i>. <i>virga</i> <b>sp. nov.</b> and <i>P</i>. <i>similis</i>. With their irregular multifurcate projections they superficially resemble the spinorhabds of <i>Negombata magnifica</i>, figured in Kelly-Borges & Vacelet (1995, Fig. 3 k).</p> <p> <i>P</i>. <i>colini</i> <b>sp. nov.</b> has the same form of aciculospinorhabds as <i>P</i>. <i>similis</i> and <i>P</i>. <i>virga</i> <b>sp. nov.</b>, where the apex is a tuft of short bifurcate or trifurcate spines that may or may not project beyond the general apex. These differ markedly from species in the Atlantic Ocean which have aciculospinorhabds with elongate individual spines that project well beyond the apical whorl and basal whorl in some cases.</p>Published as part of <i>Sim-Smith, Carina & Kelly, Michelle, 2011, Two new genera in the family Podospongiidae (Demospongiae: Poecilosclerida) with eight new Western Pacific species, pp. 32-54 in Zootaxa 2976</i> on pages 39-40, DOI: <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/200731">10.5281/zenodo.200731</a>
Phyllhermannia colini Colloff 2011, sp. nov.
No full textPhyllhermannia colini sp. nov. (Figs. 6, 7, 34c) Dimensions. Holotype female length 732 µm breadth 424 µm; paratype females (n = 7): mean length 721 µm, (range 702–742), mean breadth 402 µm (range 384–419); paratype male lengths: 626, 621 µm, breadths 333, 343 µm. Ratio of length of prodorsum to total length: 0.33 (holotype). Female. Prodorsum: rostrum acute, with inverted V-shaped ridge; rostral seta (ro) 25 µm, setiform, curved, smooth (Fig. 6a). Lamellar seta (le) 46 µm, curved, barbed, stout, on conical lateral tubercle. Transverse lamellar ridge and lateral ridge absent. Prodorsal margin tuberculate. Surface of prodorsum porose, smooth. Interlamellar setae (in) 46 µm, phylliform, broad, pointed apically, finely barbed except on basal portion, on shallow inverted Vshaped interbothridial ridge. Bothridial seta (bs) elongate, 104 µm, evenly thick, apex not tapering, rounded, smooth. Exobothridial seta (ex) 12 µm long. Interbothridial region densely and strongly porose, divided medially by non-porose region. Median condyles with line of small tubercles between them. Notogaster: ratio of length to breadth 1.17. Dorsosejugal suture smooth. With network of minute tubercles: narrow median line, broader lines between median and lateral files of setae (Fig. 6a); with transverse lines between bases of setae c 1 and c 2, d 1 and c 3, d 2 and d 3, e 1, e 2 and the notogastral margin anterior of lyrifissure im, f 1 and h 3. Rest of notogaster smooth, porose. Setae flat, curved, phylliform, similar in shape and dimensions to interlamellar setae, each with a basal stalk; not overlapping (Fig. 6c). Setae of p series shorter (28–40 µm) than others (44–64 µm). Setae c 1 and c 2 on anterior notogastral margin, c 3 displaced slightly medially, all directed posteriorly, c 2 closer to c 3 than to c 1. Distance between bases of setae c 1 subequal to that between c 1 and c 2 and between bases of d 1. Distance between d 2 2 × that between d 1; distance between e 1 1.2 × that between f 1. Lyrifissurae im acute. Coxisternum: Posteriolateral margins of rostrum and lateral margins of epimeres II and IV tuberculate; posteriolateral margin of epimere I in form of blunt spur (Fig. 6b). Anterior sternal apodeme straight. Apodeme III transverse, broader than others, lacking tubercles, with median U-shaped ridge. Posterior margin of epimere IV with line of well-developed, posteriorly-directed tubercles, opposed by ridge of tubercles anterior of genital plate. Epimere IV without sclerotised projection laterally. Epimeral setal formula 3-1-3-5. Setae 1a, 1b, 2a 3a and 4b short, sub-equal (ca. 14–22 µm); 1c and 3b longer (ca. 28–35 µm). Setae 3c longest of epimeral setae (82–88 µm); setae on epimeral plate III on anterior part of plate. Setae 4a and 4e subequal (63–74 µm), 4c slightly shorter (46 µm), setae of epimeral plate IV on posterior half of plate. Anogenital region: Posterior and lateral regions of genital plates surrounded by narrow zone of cuticle more heavily sclerotised than ventral plate (Fig. 6b). Each genital plate 121 µm long, 60 µm broad with six spinose setae in median file; g 1 displaced laterally of others in median file, subequal to other median setae (8 µm). Three setae in lateral file, anteriolateral seta (g 4) long, setiform (37 µm); others subequal to median setae. Aggenital setae 14 µm long. Pre-anal organ rounded. Each anal plate 170 µm long, 44 µm broad, with two very short (5 µm) setae on anterior and central part of plate. Adanal setae subequal in length (21 µm). Lateral view: Anterior prodorsal margin curved vertically and slightly posteriorly; prodorsum with faint ridge anterior of bases of lamellar seta (Fig. 6d). Lamellar seta projecting almost as far as bases of rostral seta; interlamellar and bothridial setae projecting vertically. Acetabulum I and II each with a dorsal tectum; region anterior of acetabulum II tuberculate. Exobothridial seta emerging from posteriolateral base of bothridium below projecting rim. With alvelolus-like structure posterior of exobothridial seta. Interbothridial region convex; posterior prodorsum forming a narrow channel with prodorsal condyle medially and enantiophysis laterally. Notogastral shield convex: ratio of height to length 0.31. Anterior margin of notogastral shield overhanging prodorsum; notogastral setae strongly curved; shallow concave region on notogaster region between setae c 1 and d 1. Region between anterior margin of genital plate and epimere IV strongly concave. Legs: Cuticle of femora, genua and tibiae alveolate; with oval porose areas on paraxial surfaces (Fig. 7). Femora I and II laterally flattened, with a well-developed ventral keel. Femur I 160 µm long, with well-developed lateral and medial projections proximally (Fig. 34c); setae d curved, flattened, phylliform, barbed, pointed, 36 µm long; l " markedly shorter (23 µm), curved, spiniform, barbed, blunt apically; l ' long (57 µm), stout, barbed, pointed, curved basally. Seta v " on femur I spiniform, thick, slightly curved, barbed, blunt apically; bv " shorter, spiniform, smooth, pointed apically (Fig. 7a). Seta l ' on genu I absent; v " long (56 µm), broad, phylliform, barbed; v " on genu II short, smooth, spiniform (Fig. 7b). Solenidion φ 1 on tibia I 141 µm long; φ 2 19 µm long, both emerging from prominent apophysis (Fig. 7a). Dorsal surface of tarsus I strongly concave with large domed protuberance bearing solenidion ω (31 µm long), eupathidium Ɛ (22 µm long); and seta ft " (40 µm long). Ventral setae on femora, genua and tibiae of legs III and IV shaped differently from those of legs I and II: long, stout, pointed and barbed apically. Formula: Leg I 1-6-4(1)-4(2)-24(1); Leg II 1-4-4(1)-5(1)-17(1); Leg III 2-3-4(1)-4(1)-14; Leg IV 1-3-4-4(1)-14. Material examined. Holotype female, seven paratype females, two paratype males, MJC 10-003. Moss on soil, Eucalyptus and Banksia woodland with Pinus radiata, junction of Walls Cave Road and Evans Lookout Road, Blackheath, Blue Mountains, New South Wales, 33°39'1.22"S 150°18'21.19"E, 1025 m., coll. M.J. Colloff, 14.i.2010. Holotype and paratypes deposited in the Australian National Insect Collection, CSIRO Ecosystem Sciences, Canberra. Etymology. This species is named in honour and in memory of my friend, the late Colin Crawford-Smith, who loved the Blue Mountains of New South Wales. Remarks. Phyllhermannia colini can be differentiated from other member of the genus based on the following combination of characters: 1) the acute rostrum; 2) the barbed, stout lamellar setae; 3) the absence of a lateral ridge between the base of the lamellar seta and the acetabulum of leg I; 4) the phylliform, broad, strongly curved, barbed interlamellar and notogastral setae; 5) the notogaster with a network of lines of minute tubercles between the files of setae; 6) the strongly tuberculate lateral margins of the rostrum and epimeres; 7) with epimeral seta 4a considerably longer than 4b; 8) the smooth perigenital region; 9) with genital seta g 4 longer than the others in the lateral file; 10) seta d of femur I curved, flattened, phylliform, barbed, pointed, l " markedly shorter than d, curved, spiniform, barbed, blunt apically. Phyllhermannia colini is morphologically most similar to P. sauli sp. nov. (cf. below) in the shape of the interlamellar, lamellar and notogastral setae, the line of small tubercles between the median prodorsal condyles and the smooth perigenital region in the female, the network of notogastral tubercles, the lengths of the epimeral setae and the rough, rounded apex of the bothridial seta. They differ in the shapes of the setae on femur I, the genital plate of the female of P. colini is smooth rather than crenellated, apodeme III is smooth rather than tuberculate and the lateral ridge between the base of the lamellar seta, the acetabulum of leg I is absent rather than present, and the female prodorsum posterior of the lamellar setae is smooth rather than mildly tuberculate.Published as part of Colloff, Matthew J., 2011, 2770, pp. 1-60 in Zootaxa 2770 on pages 12-1
Square Dancing with the Stars to Enhance Dynamic Hirschman Linkages?
No full textIn this Presidential Address, the author takes the reader on a reconnaissance of his life and time as a regional scientist. He points out scenery he found scintillating along the way, hoping that some may pick up the banner and chew on a few of the ideas for a while. He suggests a revisit to Albert O. Hirschman’s notion of key sectors and more empirical analysis related to Marcus Berliant’s and Masahisa Fujita’s notion of knowledge creation and transfer.Presidential Address, San Antonio, Texas, March 29, 2014 (53rd Meetings of the Southern Regional Science Association
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
No full textWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Letter from unknown writer to Jesse L. Boyce
No full textLetter to Jesse L. Boyce from unknown author (possibly Jack) about the investigation into the powder magazine located in the Grand Canyon. Some personal news is included in the letter such as the writer's marriage to the daughter of C.A. Taylor, former Supervisor of Cochise County
Schiume Ibride Poliuretano-Cemento per Applicazioni Funzionali nel Settore del Costruito
No full text- …
