1,494 research outputs found
Tomographic inversion of focusing operators
No full textSeismic images of the structure of the earth are a prerequisite for finding new hydrocarbon reservoirs. The quality of a seismic images is highly dependent on the accuracy of the velocity model of the subsurface. Conventional imaging consists of an iterative process between obtaining the image using a velocity model, and updating this model by investigating the properties of the image. The Common Focal Point (CFP) method makes it possible to analyze and treat seismic data in a fundamentally different way as it uses a two-step approach: 1) two-way reflection data are transformed into one-way data by estimating focusing operators, and 2) these focusing operators are used to estimate the velocity model by tomographic inversion. This second step, the tomographic inversion of focusing operators, is the subject of this thesis. This research contains two important new aspects. First, the use of focusing operators in (3D) velocity model estimation. Second the data-driven approach of the method. Some additional concepts like the inclusion of a priori information, the joint inversion of P and S-wave operators, and the new concept of the focal point clouds, by which the adequacy of the velocity model can be analyzed, are also addressed. After evaluation of the method of tomographic inversion of focusing operators on both synthetic and real data it can be concluded that the method results in accurate velocity models and is capable of dealing with complex subsurface models.Applied Science
Negative photograph of Frank B. Robinson's pamphlet, 'What God Really Is,' and B.E. Bentley's book A Drunk and 5,000 Roses.
No full textNegative photograph of the cover of Frank B. Robinson's pamphlet What God Really Is, which includes only text of the title, author name, price, and publishing press Psychiana, Inc. The pamphlet appears side by side with the cover of B.E. Bentley's hardback book, which includes text and the picture of a flower
Problem on the enforcement of the Civil Servant Disciplinary Code Act B.E.2551
No full textการศึกษาค้นคว้าอิสระนี้มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อ 1) ศึกษาถึงแนวคิด ทฤษฎี มาตรการทางกฎหมายที่เกี่ยวข้องกับการดำเนินการทางวินัยกับข้าราชการที่ออกจากราชการไปแล้วตามกฎหมายไทยและของต่างประเทศ และ (2) เสนอแนะแนวทางแก้ไขปรับปรุงกฎหมายและระเบียบที่เกี่ยวกับการดำเนินการทางวินัยกับข้าราชการที่ออกจากราชการไปแล้วของประเทศไทยให้เหมาะสม การศึกษาค้นคว้าอิสระนี้เป็นการวิจัยเชิงคุณภาพด้วยวิธีวิจัยเอกสาร โดยการศึกษาค้นคว้าตำราวิชาการ บทความ ระเบียบ กฎหมาย วิทยานิพนธ์ และข้อมูลจากเว็บไซต์ต่างๆ ที่เกี่ยวข้องกับการวิจัยทั้งที่เป็นภาษาไทยและภาษาต่างประเทศเพื่อรวบรวมข้อมูลทั้งหลายมาทำการศึกษา วิเคราะห์ และเรียบเรียงอย่างเป็นระบบ ผลการศึกษาพบว่า (1) ปัญหาการดำเนินการทางวินัยกับข้าราชการที่ออกจากราชการไปแล้วตามพระราชบัญญัติระเบียบข้าราชการพลเรือน พ.ศ. 2551 มิได้บัญญัติให้ชัดเจนว่าผู้มีอำนาจหน้าที่ในการสืบสวนสอบสวนหรือตรวจสอบตามพระราชบัญญัติระเบียบข้าราชการพลเรือน (ฉบับที่ 3) พ.ศ. 2562 มาตรา 100 วรรคหนึ่ง หมายถึง ผู้ใดบ้าง เนื่องจากผู้มีอำนาจหน้าที่กรณีดังกล่าวมีอยู่เป็นจำนวนมาก ทั้งการกล่าวหาเป็นหนังสือในบทบัญญัติดังกล่าว มีความหมายอย่างไรบ้าง หรือต้องมีองค์ประกอบใดบ้างจึงจะถือว่าเป็นการกล่าวหาเป็นหนังสือ ทำให้เกิดปัญหาในทางปฏิบัติในการตีความการบังคับใช้กฎหมาย และ (2) ผู้ที่มีอำนาจดำเนินการทางวินัยมีอำนาจดำเนินการสืบสวนหรือพิจารณาดำเนินการทางวินัยและสั่งลงโทษข้าราชการพลเรือนสามัญซึ่งออกจากราชการอันมิใช่เพราะเหตุตาย จะต้องดำเนินการสอบสวนตามหลักเกณฑ์และวิธีการใดผู้ศึกษาจึงเสนอแนวทางในการศึกษาให้เห็นถึงปัญหาที่อาจเกิดขึ้นในทางปฏิบัติในการบังคับใช้กฎหมายโดยการแก้ไขเพิ่มเติมกฎ ก.พ. ว่าด้วยการดำเนินการทางวินัย พ.ศ. 2556 ในส่วนที่เกี่ยวข้องกับการดำเนินการทางวินัยกับข้าราชการที่ออกจากราชการไปแล้วให้ชัดเจนยิ่งขึ้นThis independent study on the problem on the enforcement of the Civil Servant Disciplinary Code Act B.E.2551 aims to: 1) examine concepts, theories and legal measures related to the disciplinary proceedings of retired government officials, according to both existing Thai and foreign laws; and 2) make suggestions on more effective ways to improve existing laws, rules and regulations concerning Thailand’s disciplinary proceedings of retired government officials. This independent study is a qualitative research project, in which documents, articles, regulations, laws, theses and data from websites were studied in order to collect data for studies, analyses and composition in a systematic way. Study findings are as follows. (1) Problems of disciplinary proceedings with retired government officials according to the Civil Service Act, B.E. 2551 were due to unclear specifications of whether government agencies had the authority to investigate or inspect cases according to the first paragraph of section 100 of the Civil Service Act (No.3), B.E. 2562. It should be made clear which government officials were included in the specifications because there were so many government officials involved. The issue of written allegations should also be brought up as there was no clarification of what should be considered as proper written allegations in this act, which might cause problems of law interpretation later on. (2) The rules regarding authorization of the government agencies undertaking investigations, considerations, and disciplinary proceedings against government officials retiring from government service for reasons other than death should be added. As a result, the author recommends the aforementioned suggestion to help improving the law enforcement practice by amending the specific part concerning the disciplinary proceedings of retired government officials in the Ministerial Regulation on Disciplinary Proceedings, B.E. 255
Stimulated human neutrophils limit iron-catalyzed hydroxyl radical formation as detected by spin-trapping techniques
No full textNeutrophils stimulated with phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) in the presence of the spin trap 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline 1-oxide (DMPO), dimethyl sulfoxide, and diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DETAPAC) fail to generate hydroxyl radical (.OH), detected as the methyl spin-trapped adduct of DMPO (2,2,5-trimethyl-1-pyrrolidinyloxyl, DMPO-CH3), unless ferric salts (Fe3+) are also added (Britigan, B.E., Rosen, G.M., Chai, Y., and Cohen, M.S. (1986) J. Biol. Chem. 261, 4426-4431). Even then, .OH formation wanes in spite of ongoing superoxide (O2̇-) production. In contrast, ferric salt supplementation of a hypoxanthine/xanthine oxidase O2̇- generating system containing DETAPAC produces continual .OH, suggesting that neutrophils limit the formation of this free radical. To evaluate this hypothesis, neutrophil cytoplasts (largely devoid of granules but able to generate O2̇-) were stimulated with PMA in the presence of Fe3+, DETAPAC, dimethyl sulfoxide, and DMPO. This resulted in continual production of DMPO-CH3. In the presence of dimethyl sulfoxide, HL-60 (promyelocytic) cells differentiate into cells similar in morphology and O2̇- generating capacity to neutrophils. However, their granules lack the iron-binding protein lactoferrin (LF). Ferric salt supplementation of HL-60 cells stimulated with PMA yielded an EPR spectrum similar to cytoplasts. Supernatant obtained following PMA-induced neutrophil degranulation (which releases LF extracellularly) suppressed DMPO-CH3 formation by the hypoxanthine/xanthine oxidase/Fe3+/DETAPAC system. Anti-LF antibody, but not anti-transferrin antibody, prevented stimulated neutrophil supernatant inhibition of hypoxanthine/xanthine oxidase/Fe3+/DETAPAC-mediated .OH formation. Similarly, neutrophils stimulated with PMA in the presence of Fe3+, DETAPAC, and anti-LF antibody (but not anti-transferrin antibody) demonstrated continual formation of .OH. Neutrophil degranulation of LF limits Fe3+-catalyzed .OH formation which in vivo could protect tissue from possible .OH-mediated injury
Spin-trapping and Human Neutrophils: Limits of detection of hydroxyl radical
No full textUsing the spin trap, 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline-1-oxide (DMPO) and an excess of dimethyl sulfoxide, we previously reported that in the absence of an exogenous iron catalyst, human neutrophils will not generate hydroxyl radical, manifested as the catalyse-inhibitable methyl radical spin-trapped adduct, 2,2,5-trimethyl-1-pyrrolidinyloxy (DMPO-CH3) (Britigan, B.E., Rosen, G.M., Chai, Y., and Cohen, M.S. (1986) J. Biol. Chem. 261, 4426-4431). However, superoxide destroys the preformed hydroxyl radical spin-trapped adduct, 2,2-dimethyl-5-hydroxy-1-pyrrolidinyloxy (DMPO-OH), and DMPO-CH3. The present study was undertaken to better resolve the limits of sensitivity of the spin-trapping method. Photolytically generated DMPO-CH3 and DMPO-OH slowly decomposed in the presence of a low flux (1 μM/min) of enzymatically (xanthine/xanthine oxidase)-generated superoxide, but more rapid decomposition of these adducts occurred with higher superoxide flux (5 μM/min). Inclusion of cysteine markedly increased the rate of DMPO-OH and DMPO-CH3 decomposition, masking the effects of superoxide alone. The addition of varying concentrations of superoxide dismutase did not lead to increased formation of DMPO-OH or DMPO-CH3, as should have occurred if these adducts were being destroyed by superoxide. As a positive control, we employed an iron-supplemented system with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate-stimulated neutrophils or xanthine/xanthine oxidase to generate DMPO-CH3. Addition of superoxide dismutase increased the magnitude of DMPO-CH3, primarily by increasing the rate of hydrogen peroxide formation, and to a lesser extent by prolonging the half-life of DMPO-CH3. Although spin-trapped adducts can be destroyed by a high concentration of superoxide, or by lower concentrations of superoxide in the presence of thiol-containing compounds, our results demonstrate that such decomposition does not interfere with the ability of the spin-trapping method to detect hydroxyl radical generated by human neutrophils. These data do not support the capacity of neutrophils to generate hydroxyl radical in the absence of an exogenous Haber-Weiss catalyst
Providing the offense concerning environment as predicate offense in anti money laundering act B.E.2542
No full textวิทยานิพนธ์ (น.ม.)--จุฬาลงกรณ์มหาวิทยาลัย, 2547ความผิดเกี่ยวกับสิ่งแวดล้อมที่กระทำโดยผู้ประกอบการในภาคอุตสาหกรรมขนาดใหญ่ ก่อ ให้เกิดมลพิษขั้นรุนแรง และมีการสะสมในสิ่งแวดล้อมเป็นเวลานานจนเกิดผลเสียหายใน ระยะยาว ปัญหานี้เกี่ยวกับกฎหมายหลายฉบับ ซึ่งมุ่งกำหนดให้ผู้ประกอบการมีหน้าที่บำบัด ของเสียก่อนปล่อยออกสู่สิ่งแวดล้อม แต่กระบวนการบำบัดดังกล่าวสิ้นเปลืองค่าใช้จ่ายสูงมาก ดังนั้นผู้ประกอบการในภาคอุตสาหกรรมขนาดใหญ่จึงลักลอบปล่อยของเสียโดยไม่ผ่านการ บำบัดตามที่กฎหมายกำหนดออกสู่สิ่งแวดล้อมจนกลายเป็นมลพิษ ปัญหาสำคัญคือกฎหมาย เกี่ยวกับสิ่งแวดล้อมที่มีผลบังคับใช้อยู่ในปัจจุบันไม่มีบทบัญญัติที่มุ่งหมายป้องกันและ ปราบปรามการกระทำดังกล่าวโดยตรง วิทยานิพนธ์ฉบับนี้มุ่งศึกษาถึง การกำหนดให้ความผิดเกี่ยวกับสิ่งแวดล้อมเป็นความผิด มูลฐานตามพระราชบัญญัติป้องกันและปราบปรามการฟอกเงิน พ.ศ. 2542 โดยจำกัดขอบเขต การศึกษาเฉพาะการกระทำที่ก่อให้เกิดผลกระทบต่อสิ่งแวดล้อมในเชิงคุณภาพ ตามพระราชบัญญัติส่งเสริมและรักษาคุณภาพสิ่งแวดล้อมแห่งชาติ พ.ศ. 2535 และพระราชบัญญัติ โรงงาน พ.ศ. 2535 รวมทั้งกฎกระทรวงต่างๆ ที่เกี่ยวข้อง ผลการศึกษาพบว่าความผิดเกี่ยวกับ สิ่งแวดล้อมมีลักษณะเดียวกับความผิดมูลฐาน คือ ผู้กระทำมีแรงจูงใจในผลประโยชน์จำนวนมากที่ได้จากการลักลอบปล่อยของเสียออกสู่สิ่งแวดล้อม แม้ตระหนักดีว่าการกระทำของตน ก่อให้เกิดหรืออาจก่อให้เกิดความเสียหายอย่างร้ายแรงต่อสิ่งแวดล้อมและต่อสุขภาพอนามัยของประชาชน และผลตอบแทนที่ได้จำนวนมากนี้มักถูกนำไปใช้ในการกระทำความผิดอย่างอื่นหรือ สร้างอิทธิพลแก่ตน ทำให้กลายเป็นวงจรอาชญากรรมต่อเนื่องไม่สิ้นสุดและยากที่จะปราบปราม ดังนั้น ผู้เขียนจึงเสนอให้นำมาตรการป้องกันและปราบปรามการฟอกเงินอันเป็น มาตรการที่มีผลในเชิงยับยั้งการกระทำความผิดอย่างเด็ดขาดมาใช้บังคับในความผิดเกี่ยวกับสิ่งแวดล้อม โดยกำหนดให้ความผิดเกี่ยวกับสิ่งแวดล้อมเป็นความผิดมูลฐานตามพระราชบัญญัติ ป้องกันและปราบปรามการฟอกเงิน พ.ศ. 2542 เพื่อเป็นการตัดวงจรอาชญากรรมและเพื่อให้การพิทักษ์รักษาสิ่งแวดล้อมเป็นไปอย่างมีประสิทธิภาพOffenses relating to the environment committed by entrepreneurs in the big industrial sector are one major cause of serious pollution that can be accumulated and bring about long-term negative effects. This problem is involved with many laws providing that it is necessary for entrepreneurs to treat the industrial waste before releasing it into the environment. But the treatment process is so expensive that entrepreneurs opt to release the industrial waste without prior treatment resulting in pollution. One major problem is the current applicable laws relating to the environment lacks of provisions directly aimed at preventing and suppressing these offenses. This research aims at studying the prescription of offenses relating to the environment as predicate offenses as provided by the Anti Money Laundering Act B.E.2542. The scope of the study focuses on the action that affects the quality of the environment as provided by the Enhancement and Conservation of National Environmental Quality Act B.E.2535 (A.D.1992) and the Factory Act B.E.2535 (A.D.1992) as well as other related ministerial regulations. The results of the study show that the offenses relating to the environment have all characters that are main components of predicate offenses provided by the Anti Money Laundering Act B.E. 2542. The main motivation for committing offenses relating to the environment is the lucrative benefits gained from releasing the waste without prior treatment as required by the laws. The offenders commit these offenses although they know that their action might cause serious effects to the environment and hazards to the public health. The benefits will be used in committing other offenses and increase their own influence resulting in a circle of perpetual crimes hard to suppress. The author suggests that some measures provided by Anti Money Laundering laws should be applied in a case of offenses relating to the environment because these measures have a deterring effect. The offenses relating to the environment should be prescribed as predicate offenses provided by the Anti Money Laundering Act B.E. 2542 so as to terminate the circle of crimes and to promote the success of environmental protection
Author Co-Citation Analysis (ACA): a powerful tool for representing implicit knowledge of scholar knowledge workers
No full textIn the last decade, knowledge has emerged as one of the most important and valuable organizational assets. Gradually this importance caused to emergence of new discipline entitled ―knowledge management‖. However one of the major challenges of knowledge management is conversion implicit or tacit knowledge to explicit knowledge. Thus Making knowledge visible so that it can be better accessed, discussed, valued or generally managed is a long-standing objective in knowledge management. Accordingly in this paper author co- citation analysis (ACA) will be proposed as an efficient technique of knowledge visualization in academia (Scholar knowledge workers)
Az Amerikai Kémiai Társaság folyóiratainak teljes szövegét tartalmazó adatbázis online keresése
No full textTERRANT, S.W. - GARSON, L.R. - MEYERS, B.E. - COHEN, S.M.: Online Searching: Full text of American Chemical Society Primary Journals = Journal of Chemical Information and Computer Sciences, 24. k. 4.sz. 1984. p. 230-235
Appropriate Modality for Public Consultation under Section 59 of the Constitution of the Kingdom of Thailand [B.E.2540]
No full textThe aim of this research work is to analyze the principles and procedure for the public consultation under Article 59 of the Constitution of the Kingdom of Thailand, B.E. 2540 by way of a comparative study of the previous regulations, law, draft Bills relating to public consultation and the prevailing Rule of the Office of the Prime Minister on Public Consultation, B.E. 2548, as well as a study of the problems and impediments in the public consultations in the past experience. The precedents and positive repercussions of the public consultation in foreign countries are cited in support of the critical analysis of the author with a view to proposing pertinent guidelines for fructuous public consultation in Thailand.Researches have discovered that the notion of public consultation existed long before the present constitution has upheld such right for the first time. However, as it is enshrined in only three specific Acts, the concept of public consultation has not been so prevalent. Besides, since the 3 Acts fail to prescribe the format and criteria for the public consultation, the Rule of the Office of the Prime Minister on Public Consultation by means of Public Hearing, B.E. 2539, has been enacted for the first time as the norm for public hearings. The organization of public hearings under that Rule of the Office of the Prime Minister has, nonetheless, encountered several complications and hurdles until the promulgation of the present constitution and the recognition of the right and freedom to organize public hearings at the Administration level. Such Rule of the Office of the Prime Minister has thus failed to meet the objectives and purposes of the Constitution in this area. Anyhow although subsequently the Rule of the Office of the Prime Minister on Public Consultation by means of Public Hearing, B.E. 2548 has been enacted in substitution to the one of B.E. 2539, the new Rule of the Office of the Prime Minister is still plagued with quite a few shortcomings, e.g., it only has the status of an Administrative Decree. Hence, its incapability to provide as efficacious a guarantee as a Parliamentary Act for the right and freedom of the people in this respect and its substantive provisions are prone to give rise to numerous practical problems, viz problems arising from the exercise of the discretion power of government agencies in prescribing the frameworks and specification for an appropriate public hearing for each project, the problem of partiality of the public hearing organizing authority, the problem in the perception of the outcome of the public hearing for an integration in the deliberations of government agencies.In light of the above, the author recommends an enactment of an act that implements Article 59 of the present Constitution and prescribes the regulations and procedure for the organization of the public hearings, from the initiative to organize a public hearing, publication of essential information on the project, prescription of the modality of the public hearing and the criteria for its perception expedient to each project, creation of a public hearing committee, publication of the summary record of the public hearing, disclosure of the consequential actions taken by the competent authorities in that project and rationale behind the decision to take that course of actions, for the organization of public hearings in Thailand.Research Support Office, UTC
Appropriate Modality for Public Consultation under Section 59 of the Constitution of the Kingdom of Thailand [B.E.2540]
No full textThe aim of this research work is to analyze the principles and procedure for the public consultation under Article 59 of the Constitution of the Kingdom of Thailand, B.E. 2540 by way of a comparative study of the previous regulations, law, draft Bills relating to public consultation and the prevailing Rule of the Office of the Prime Minister on Public Consultation, B.E. 2548, as well as a study of the problems and impediments in the public consultations in the past experience. The precedents and positive repercussions of the public consultation in foreign countries are cited in support of the critical analysis of the author with a view to proposing pertinent guidelines for fructuous public consultation in Thailand.Researches have discovered that the notion of public consultation existed long before the present constitution has upheld such right for the first time. However, as it is enshrined in only three specific Acts, the concept of public consultation has not been so prevalent. Besides, since the 3 Acts fail to prescribe the format and criteria for the public consultation, the Rule of the Office of the Prime Minister on Public Consultation by means of Public Hearing, B.E. 2539, has been enacted for the first time as the norm for public hearings. The organization of public hearings under that Rule of the Office of the Prime Minister has, nonetheless, encountered several complications and hurdles until the promulgation of the present constitution and the recognition of the right and freedom to organize public hearings at the Administration level. Such Rule of the Office of the Prime Minister has thus failed to meet the objectives and purposes of the Constitution in this area. Anyhow although subsequently the Rule of the Office of the Prime Minister on Public Consultation by means of Public Hearing, B.E. 2548 has been enacted in substitution to the one of B.E. 2539, the new Rule of the Office of the Prime Minister is still plagued with quite a few shortcomings, e.g., it only has the status of an Administrative Decree. Hence, its incapability to provide as efficacious a guarantee as a Parliamentary Act for the right and freedom of the people in this respect and its substantive provisions are prone to give rise to numerous practical problems, viz problems arising from the exercise of the discretion power of government agencies in prescribing the frameworks and specification for an appropriate public hearing for each project, the problem of partiality of the public hearing organizing authority, the problem in the perception of the outcome of the public hearing for an integration in the deliberations of government agencies.In light of the above, the author recommends an enactment of an act that implements Article 59 of the present Constitution and prescribes the regulations and procedure for the organization of the public hearings, from the initiative to organize a public hearing, publication of essential information on the project, prescription of the modality of the public hearing and the criteria for its perception expedient to each project, creation of a public hearing committee, publication of the summary record of the public hearing, disclosure of the consequential actions taken by the competent authorities in that project and rationale behind the decision to take that course of actions, for the organization of public hearings in Thailand.Research Support Office, UTC
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