1,721,351 research outputs found
Agriculture sur brûlis, élevage extensif et dégradation de l'environnement en Amérique latine
No full textCochet Hubert. Agriculture sur brûlis, élevage extensif et dégradation de l'environnement en Amérique latine. In: Tiers-Monde, tome 34, n°134, 1993. Agriculture, écologie et développement, sous la direction de Marc Dufumier. pp. 281-303
Transformations de l'agriculture, prélèvements marchands et tentatives de développement industriel au Burundi
No full textBen Hammouda Hakim, Cochet Hubert. Transformations de l'agriculture, prélèvements marchands et tentatives de développement industriel au Burundi. In: Tiers-Monde, tome 36, n°144, 1995. pp. 837-857
Premières réflexions sur la mise en place des contrats territoriaux d'exploitation dans le département de la Meuse
No full textCochet Hubert, Devienne Sophie. Premières réflexions sur la mise en place des contrats territoriaux d'exploitation dans le département de la Meuse. In: Économie rurale. N°270, 2002. pp. 73-83
A HALF CENTURY OF AGRARIAN CRISIS IN BURUNDI (1890-1945)The incapacity of the colonial administration in managing the agrarian crisis of the late 1800’s
No full textInternational audienceOver the course of its two thousand year agrarian history, crop and animal husbandry practices in Burundi have undergone profound changes that have led to the transformation of one agrarian system to another. Based on an in-depth study of the agricultural history of the country, this article analyzes the agrarian crisis that began prior to colonial intervention. The author shows how this multi-faceted crisis must be interpreted as an endogenous crisis that was a result of demographic conditions surpassing the capacity of the agrarian system. The author also illustrates how the agricultural policies of the colonial administration contributed to the exceptional prolongation—rather than resolution—of the crisis
A HALF CENTURY OF AGRARIAN CRISIS IN BURUNDI (1890-1945)The incapacity of the colonial administration in managing the agrarian crisis of the late 1800’s
No full textInternational audienceOver the course of its two thousand year agrarian history, crop and animal husbandry practices in Burundi have undergone profound changes that have led to the transformation of one agrarian system to another. Based on an in-depth study of the agricultural history of the country, this article analyzes the agrarian crisis that began prior to colonial intervention. The author shows how this multi-faceted crisis must be interpreted as an endogenous crisis that was a result of demographic conditions surpassing the capacity of the agrarian system. The author also illustrates how the agricultural policies of the colonial administration contributed to the exceptional prolongation—rather than resolution—of the crisis
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Systèmes agraires et changement climatique au Sud
Get PDFÀ partir de l’étude détaillée et de la comparaison d’une douzaine de situations locales contrastées en Afrique sub-saharienne et en Asie du Sud-Est, les auteurs mettent en évidence les processus et les trajectoires qui expliquent la forte exposition aux aléas des différents groupes d’agriculteurs, ainsi que leur inégale capacité d’adaptation. Ils expliquent les ressorts de cette vulnérabilité et illustrent le poids des choix passés et actuels en matière de politiques agricole, environnementale et commerciale. Enfin, ils présentent les modalités d’ajustement et les transformations passées et en cours des pratiques paysannes allant dans le sens d’une réduction de l’exposition à l’aléa, d’une atténuation de la vulnérabilité, et d’une meilleure adaptation aux changements globaux : dérèglement climatique bien sûr, mais aussi accroissement démographique, compétition accrue pour l’accès aux ressources, évolution des prix relatifs et fluctuations des marchés, dérégulation et baisse des soutiens publics, etc. Ils esquissent en conclusion les chemins possibles en matière d’adaptation et des propositions de mesures politiques pour accompagner les producteurs.Pour des raisons de différences de fabrication, les figures et photos en couleurs de la présente version sont disséminées au sein des différents chapitres, mais sont réunies à la fin du chapitre 4 de la version PDF
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
AGRARIAN DYNAMICS, POPULATION GROWTH AND RESOURCE MANAGEMENT: THE CASE OF BURUNDI
No full textInternational audienceWhat role has intense population pressure played (and continues to play) in ancient and contemporary transformations in Burundian agriculture? A considerable disincentive to development and source of imbalance for some, an engine of agricultural growth for others: does this age-old debate still make sense in the present context? Based on an extensive study of agrarian dynamics, the reconstruction of the different agrarian systems that have been in place in Burundi, and an investigation of the phases of major transformations that have enabled the passage of one system to another, the author ventures a rereading of the most commonly cited interpretations of Malthus and Boserup, and proposes a new approach to this fundamental question
- …
