125,611 research outputs found
The Effect of Using Flipped Class on Teaching Reading Comprehension at Cihan University
No full textReading comprehension is one of the important skills of language learning. It is believed that teaching with flipped class is more effective and comes out with more positive outcomes than the traditional class teaching. Thus, this study aims to explore the effect of flipped class on improving reading comprehension skills for Kurdish and Arabic EFL at Cihan University-Erbil. The main question of this study is to figure out whether implementing flipped class on EFL will improve their reading comprehension skills? Will it develop the students reading abilities including both levels ‘elementary and intermediate’? In addition, to which level of students is more applicable? According the mentioned questions, it is presupposed that flipped class has more positive results in teaching reading Comprehension skills than the tradition class. This is due to the fact that the student will have access to online facilities and internet to gain further information about the topic before the class. Thus, it is assumed that it will improve Kurdish and Arabic EFL reading comprehension skills including both levels ‘Elementary and intermediate’. However, it is presumed that the flipped class will have a greater impact on intermediate level than on Elementary level
The Factors that Influence Knowledge Sharing in Educational Institutions: An Empirical Study Using PLS-SEM Approach
No full textThe objective of the study is to identify the elements which have an impact on sharing of knowledge at Cihan University in Erbil. Although previous studies have identified a range of elements affecting knowledge sharing, further research is needed to understand the factors driving knowledge sharing, particularly among higher educational institutions in Iraq. Since there are few studies about the sharing of knowledge among Iraqi higher education institutions' staff and there is no current model that has all of the elements required to examine the sharing of knowledge, the researchers investigated the effects of organizational, individual, and technological variables on academics' knowledge sharing behavior. Cihan University staff in Iraq's Kurdistan Region completed a total of 78 validated questionnaires. The data were evaluated with the use of a structural equation model (PLS-SEM). According to the findings of the study, organizational and technological factors are important indicators of knowledge sharing in educational institutions
1. Kitap: Kuruluş Dönemi - Cihan Piyadeoğlu
No full textKitapTarih ve tarih metodolojisine dair bilinen en eski tanımlamayı yapan Muhammed b. Süleyman el-Kafiyeci: ‘‘Tarih, saygın, önemli ve büyük şeylerden oluşur. Tarih, insanlar nezdinde makbuldür, fikirlere ve ibretlere şamildir. Tarih, muteber bir şekilde maslahatlarla, güzelliklerle ilintilidir ve onların kaynağıdır. Şayet tarih olmasaydı, bize ne bir haber ne de bir eser ulaşırdı. O ruhların ve bedenlerin gıdasıdır. O, insanların ve toplumların haberlerinin kaynağıdır. O, acayipliklerin garipliklerin, rivayetlerin ve mesellerin madenidir. Tarih, edibin süsü, akıl sahibinin dayanağı, devlet adamının yardımcısı ve destekçisi, zeki kişinin hazinesidir” demektedir. Gerçekten de tarih, insanlığın bilgi birikimlerini, yaşadıklarını, tecrübelerini yeniden insanlığın hizmetine sunan bir hafızadır. Bugününü şekillendirmek, geleceği için tedbirler ve planlar yapmak isteyen herkes ona müracaat etmek zorundadır. Bu haliyle tarih, her bir insan, toplum ve devlet için vazgeçilmez bir kaynaktır. Toplumu ayakta tutan değerlerin en önemlilerinden birisi kuşkusuz tarihtir. Bir millet, varlığını devam ettirmek ve sağlam adımlarla geleceğe yürümek için nesillerine tarih bilinci vermeli, örnek alabilecekleri tarihi büyük şahsiyetlerini onlara öğretmelidir. Bu amaçla üniversitemiz, tarihe yön vermiş önemli ve büyük sultanlarımızın hayatlarını halkımıza ve özellikle gençlerimize doğru bir şekilde, alanında uzman bilim insanlarımızın sunumuyla ulaştırmayı hedeflemiştir. İşe, dünya ve İslam tarihinde mümtaz bir konuma sahip olan Büyük Selçuklu Devleti hükümdarlarını bir seri halinde yayımlayarak başladık. Çünkü Büyük Selçuklu Devleti, Türk-İslam ve Dünya kültür ve medeniyet tarihinde kendine ait özel ve büyük bir konuma ulaşmıştır. Böylesine önemli bir konuma ulaşmasında ise hükümdarlarının büyük katkıları olmuştur.
Selçuklu hareketinin temellerini atan Selçuk Bey’den ilk sultanı Tuğrul Bey’e Malazgirt zaferinin mimarı Alp Arslan’dan cihan hükümdarı Melikşah’a, onların çizdiği yolda ilerlemeye çalışan Berkyaruk, Muhammed Tapar ve Sencer’e, devletin önemli ve büyük sultanlarını tanıtmak adına "Türk Sultanları Serisi/Büyük Selçuklu Ar-Ge Projesi” olarak geliştirilmiştir. Ortaya çıkan eserlerin halkımıza ve özellikle gençliğimize faydalı olması temennisiyle...
1. Kitap: Kuruluş Dönemi - Prof. Dr. Cihan PİYADEOĞLU
2. Kitap: Sultan Tuğrul - Prof. Dr. Ergin AYAN
3. Kitap: Sultan Alp Arslan - Doç. Dr. Mehmet ŞİMŞİR
4. Kitap: Sultan Melikşah - Doç. Dr. Mehmet Ali KAPAR
5. Kitap: Sultan Berkyaruk - Prof. Dr. Erkan GÖKSU
6. Kitap: Sultan Muhammed Tapar - Prof. Dr. Abdülkerim ÖZAYDIN
7. Kitap: Sultan Sencer - Doç. Dr. Sefer SOLMA
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Oral Participation in Class, Problems, and Solutions
No full textIn this paper, the focus is on oral participation during lectures. Oral participation refers to the active engagement of learners in the lecture by speaking, asking, giving comments, and participating in pair or group discussions. The students are supposed to participate and practice the language to improve their speaking skills. The main question in this study is: Why students do not speak and engage during lectures? Hence, the aim of the paper is to find out the factors that affect their performance. In this study, the researcher examined the main reason behind the lack of participation of English Foreign Language students in the English department at Cihan University-Erbil to find solutions for improving their speaking skills. A questionnaire was prepared based on the most common reasons affecting class engagement and it was divided into four sections: Personal factors, the role of the teacher, environmental factors, and linguistic factors. The participants were students at the English department at Cihan University-Erbil. After conducting the questionnaire, the researcher had an interview with the students and their teachers. The results showed that there are many reasons and factors that hinder learners from speaking and turn them into passive listeners. The personal factors and the effect of the teachers were the most prominent factors that had an impact on the learner’s performance.
 
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Fossilized Writing Errors of EFL Students
No full textThis study endeavors to investigate the fossilized writing errors of students in the English department at Cihan University, Erbil. Furthermore, the paper seeks to discern the underlying causes for these persistent fossilized forms and outline potential strategies to mitigate them. Twenty-five students were selected from the fourth stage in the English department to partake in three assessments conducted over the course of two semesters. Each assessment required the participants to write essays spanning 120–150 words about any subject. Subsequently, the writing samples from the initial two tests were scrutinized and corrected by the researcher then feedback was given to the students. The researcher categorized errors committed by learners of English based on three aspects; insights gleaned from previous studies, the errors in the tests, and interviews with English language instructors in the English department. The last test aimed to find out the fossilized or the persistent linguistic inaccuracies that continued appearing regardless of correction and feedback. The analysis revealed that students’ writing production is notably influenced by their mother tongue/first language and by faulty learning from the environment
Pragmatic Case Studies as a Source of Unity in Applied Psychology
No full textTo unify or not to unify applied psychology: that is the question. In this article we review pendulum swings in the historical efforts to answer this question—from a comprehensive, positivist, “top-down,” deductive yes between the 1930s and the early 60s, to a postmodern no since then. A rationale and proposal for a limited, “bottom-up,” inductive yes in applied psychology is then presented, employing a case-based paradigm that integrates both positivist and postmodern themes and components. This paradigm is labeled “pragmatic psychology” and, its specific use of case studies, the “Pragmatic Case Study Method” (“PCS Method”). We call for the creation of peer-reviewed journal-databases of pragmatic case studies as a foundational source of unifying applied knowledge in our discipline. As one example, the potential of the PCS Method for unifying different angles of theoretical regard is illustrated in an area of applied psychology, psychotherapy, via the case of Mrs. B. The article then turns to the broader historical and epistemological arguments for the unifying nature of the PCS Method in both applied and basic psychology.Peer reviewe
Significance of Hepatitis B Virus Diagnosis by Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction over Serological Markers in Hepatitis B Virus Patients
No full textHepatitis B virus (HBV) is the leading cause of viral hepatitis, as currently over 2 billion people have HBV infection worldwide. Nucleic acid assay and quantitative hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) have been developed for diagnostic and therapeutic monitoring of patients with HBV infection. These tests might also show correlation between HBV DNA and HBs serostatus. The study aimed to find and analyze the frequency and impact of HBsAg seropositivity among patients revealed HBV DNA negative level through quantitative estimation of both seromarkers. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Elecsys assays were used for quantitative estimation of HBV DNA and HBs antigen, respectively. A total of 256 blood samples were used from patients referred for either diagnostic purpose and/or HBV viral load monitoring after antiviral therapy. Blood profile analysis showed 12.26% HBs antigen seropositivity among patients revealed negative for nucleic acid assay for HBV DNA. Positive HBs antigen titers ranged from 1000–50,000 COI, with seronegative anti-HBs antibody test for all samples tested positive for HBs antigen. This study delineated that negative or undetectable quantitation of HBV DNA level does not exclude HBV infection; as the level might fluctuate in different phases of HBV replication. This gives an impression and raising a question about significance of replacing test for HBsAg with quantitation of HBV DNA PCR assay. Thus, the study refers to a special HBV profile outside the classical pattern
Prevalence and Characterization of Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C Infection among Blood Donors in Erbil
No full textBlood transmitting infectious disease still remains a considerable global health problem. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) are two of the most commonly transmitted infectious agents. This prospective cross-sectional study was conducted between December, 2017, and February, 2018, at the Directorate of Blood Bank in Erbil Province, Northern Iraq. During that period, a total of 6173 blood donors donated blood; all blood donors were asked a series of questions through a structured questionnaire designed for such purpose. These patients were serologically examined for HBV and HCV. Positive blood samples were further analyzed serologically and confirmed by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Among 6173 blood donors who were investigated for HBV, 7 (0.11%) and 98 (1.6%) were positive for hepatitis B urface antigen (HBs-Ag) and hepatitis B core Antibody (HBc-Ab), respectively, whereas during screening for HCV, 4 (0.06%) were positive for HCV-Ab. Coinfection (dual infection (HBV and HCV) was positive in 1 patient (0.01%). Among 98 reactive samples, 75.5% were positive for HBs antibody (HBs-Ab), the remaining 24 samples (24.5%) were regarded as occult hepatitis B infection (OBI), since they were positive for HBc-Ab, whereas negative both for HBs-Ag and HBs-Ab. The diagnosis of OBI could be confirmed by RT-PCR in 8 samples, 33% of samples. The overall incidence of HBV and HCV among examined blood donors was 0.5 %, and 0.06%, respectively. Amidst that incidence, 0.39 % were diagnosed as OBI. To prevent viral transmission through blood transfusion is needed to combine a different and sensitive method for HBV detection as well as volve tests that have high sensitivity and specificity for serological markers. Moreover, a molecular tool that is sensitive enough to detect very low copies of viral DNA must also be developed
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